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Wu Y, Wu Z, Xu W, Zeng R, Weng J, Sun L. A label-free colorimetric biosensor utilizing natural material for highly sensitive exosome detection. Talanta 2024; 275:126182. [PMID: 38701706 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes, extracellular vesicles secreted by cells, play a crucial role in intercellular communication by transferring information from source cells to recipient cells. These vesicles carry important biomarkers, including nucleic acids and proteins, which provide valuable insights into the parent cells' status. As a result, exosomes have emerged as noninvasive indicators for the early diagnosis of cancer. Colorimetric biosensors have garnered significant attention due to their cost-effectiveness, simplicity, rapid response, and reproducibility. In this study, we employ sporopollenin microcapsules (SP), a natural biopolymer material derived from pollen, as a substrate for gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). By modifying the SP-Au complex with CD63 aptamers, we develop a label-free colorimetric biosensor for exosome detection. In the absence of exosomes, the SP-Au complex catalyzes the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), resulting in a color change from colorless to blue. However, the addition of exosomes inhibits the catalytic activity of the SP-Au complex due to coverage of exosomes on AuNPs. This colorimetric biosensor exhibits high sensitivity and selectivity for exosome detection, with a detection limit of 10 particles/μL and a wide linear range of 10 - 108 particles/μL. Additionally, the SP-Au biosensor demonstrates remarkable resistance to serum protein adsorption and excellent catalytic stability even in harsh environments, making it highly suitable for clinical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Wu
- Department of Biomaterials, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhaojie Wu
- Department of Biomaterials, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wan Xu
- Department of Biomaterials, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ru Zeng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jian Weng
- Department of Biomaterials, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Liping Sun
- Department of Biomaterials, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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Shen W, Hong Q, Huo X, Zhou Y, Guo Y, Liu Z. Fluorescent immunoassay for chloramphenicol based on the label-free polyadenine-mediated spherical nucleic acids triggered signal amplification. ANAL SCI 2024; 40:1331-1338. [PMID: 38607597 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-024-00565-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
A fluorescent immunosorbent assay incorporating signal amplification away from the surface of spherical nucleic acid (SNA) was developed for the detection of chloramphenicol (CAP). Through the conjugation of antibodies and poly-adenine (polyA) DNA onto the surface of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), the fabrication of the nano-immunoprobe was achieved in a more straightforward and cost-effective manner. Moreover, a strategy utilizing the hybridization chain reaction (HCR) in the amplification step was devised, with particular attention given to the enzyme inhibition associated with SNA. The results demonstrated good performance on CAP detection with a linear range of 0.01-5 ng/L with a detection limit of 0.005 ng/L. The significance of this work mainly lies in the polyA-SNA-based immunoprobe and the thoughtful design to prevent enzyme inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Qing Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy and Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Huo
- Department of Food Safety and Assessment, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology in Emerging Major Infectious Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Health Emergency, Nanjing, China
| | - Yijing Zhou
- Department of Food Safety and Assessment, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology in Emerging Major Infectious Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Health Emergency, Nanjing, China
| | - Yahui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Zhenmin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy and Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Zheng LE, Huang M, Liu Y, Bao Q, Huang Y, Ye Y, Liu M, Sun P. Colorimetric aptasensor based on temporally controllable light-stimulated oxidase-mimicking fluorescein for the sensitive detection of exosomes in mild conditions. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:3577-3586. [PMID: 38787692 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00561a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Analysis of exosomes provides important information for rapid and non-invasive screening of tumors. However, sensitive and convenient detection of exosomes remains technically challenging to date. Herein, a colorimetric aptasensor based on the light-stimulated oxidase-mimicking activity of FITC was constructed for detecting ovarian cancer (OC) exosomes. The aptasensor contained an EpCAM aptamer to capture OC exosomes. Cholesterol and fluorescein (FITC) were used to modify either end of the DNA (DNA anchor). The DNA anchor could combine with exosomes through a hydrophobic reaction between cholesterol and the lipid membrane. FITC oxidized 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) under a 365 nm LED light source in a temporally controllable manner under mild conditions, causing the solution to change from colorless to blue, and the corresponding UV-vis absorbance increased. Based on this principle, the exosomes were qualitatively analyzed by observing the color change with the naked eye. In parallel, the exosome concentration was also detected using UV-vis spectrophotometry. The linear range was from 2 × 105 to 100 × 105 particles per mL with a limit of detection of 1.77 × 105 particles per mL. The developed aptasensor also exhibited favorable selectivity and could discriminate the exosomes from OC cells and normal cells. Besides, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve demonstrates that it is possible to distinguish between patients with OC and healthy donors (HDs) using exosomes as the biomarker. Our technology may expand the applications of DNA-based detection method-enabled OC diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-E Zheng
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
- Department of Gynecology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350212, China
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
- Department of Gynecology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350212, China
| | - Yiyang Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Qiufang Bao
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
- Department of Gynecology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350212, China
| | - Yuxiu Huang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
- Department of Gynecology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350212, China
| | - Yuhong Ye
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China.
| | - Pengming Sun
- Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian, China.
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Women and Children's Critical Diseases Research, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital (Fujian Women and Children's Hospital), Fuzhou 350001, Fujian, China
- Fujian Clinical Research Center for Gynecological Oncology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital (Fujian Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital), Fuzhou 350001, Fujian, China
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Tang X, Zhao S, Luo J, Wang B, Wu X, Deng R, Chang K, Chen M. Smart Stimuli-Responsive Spherical Nucleic Acids: Cutting-Edge Platforms for Biosensing, Bioimaging, and Therapeutics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310732. [PMID: 38299771 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Spherical nucleic acids (SNAs) with exceptional colloidal stability, multiple modularity, and programmability are excellent candidates to address common molecular delivery-related issues. Based on this, the higher targeting accuracy and enhanced controllability of stimuli-responsive SNAs render them precise nanoplatforms with inestimable prospects for diverse biomedical applications. Therefore, tailored diagnosis and treatment with stimuli-responsive SNAs may be a robust strategy to break through the bottlenecks associated with traditional nanocarriers. Various stimuli-responsive SNAs are engineered through the incorporation of multifunctional modifications to meet biomedical demands with the development of nucleic acid functionalization. This review provides a comprehensive overview of prominent research in this area and recent advancements in the utilization of stimuli-responsive SNAs in biosensing, bioimaging, and therapeutics. For each aspect, SNA nanoplatforms that exhibit responsive behavior to both internal stimuli (including sequence, enzyme, redox reactions, and pH) and external stimuli (such as light and temperature) are highlighted. This review is expected to offer inspiration and guidance strategies for the rational design and development of stimuli-responsive SNAs in the field of biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Binpan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xianlan Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ruijia Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Kai Chang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
- College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
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Liu Q, Zheng J, Xie A, Chen M, Gong RY, Sheng Y, Chen HL, Qi CB. Exosome, a Rising Biomarkers in Liquid Biopsy: Advances of Label-Free and Label Strategy for Diagnosis of Cancer. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38669199 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2024.2339961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is commonly considered as one of the most severe diseases, posing a significant threat to human health and society due to various serious challenges. These challenges include difficulties in accurate diagnosis and a high propensity to form metastasis. Tissue biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosing and subtyping cancer. However, concerns arise from its invasive nature and the potential risk of metastasis during these complex diagnostic procedures. Meanwhile, liquid biopsy has recently witnessed the rapid advancements with the emergence of three prominent detection biomarkers: circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), and exosomes. Whereas, the very low abundance of CTCs combined with the instability of ctDNA intensify the challenges and decrease the accuracy of these two biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. While exosomes have gained widespread recognition as a promising biomarker in liquid biopsy due to their relatively low-invasive detection method, excellent biostability, rich resources, high abundance, and ability to provide valuable information about cancer. Therefore, it is crucial to systematically summarize recent advancements mainly in exosome-based detection methods for early cancer diagnosis. Specifically, this review will primarily focus on label-based and label-free strategies for detecting cancer using exosomes. We anticipate that this comprehensive analysis will enhance readers' understanding of the significance and value of exosomes in the fields of cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Department of Pathology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - An Xie
- Department of Pathology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Pathology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Rui-Yue Gong
- Department of Pathology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuan Sheng
- Department of Pathology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Hong-Lei Chen
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chu-Bo Qi
- Department of Pathology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
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Chen J, Zhang J, Xie Q, Chu Z, Zhang F, Wang Q. Ultrasensitive detection of exosomes by microchip electrophoresis combining with triple amplification strategies. Talanta 2023; 265:124930. [PMID: 37451122 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of exosomes is significant as they can be used for various pathophysiological processes, especially cancer related intercellular communication. Therefore, a convenient, reliable, and sensitive detection method is urgently needed. Strand displacement amplification (SDA) and catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) are two kinds of effective isothermal nucleic acid amplification methods. In this article, an efficient quantitative MCE method for detecting human breast cancer cell (MCF-7) exosomes assisted by triple amplification strategies combining cholesterol probe (Chol-probe) with SDA-CHA was first developed. CD63 aptamer was immobilized on the avidin magnetic beads to specifically capture exosomes and then Chol-probe with high affinity was spontaneously inserted into the exosome membrane, which was the first step of amplification strategy to improve detection sensitivity. After magnetic separation, Chol-probe could complement ssDNA and trigger SDA, producing a large number of DNA sequences (Ta) to trigger CHA, achieving SDA-CHA amplification. Under optimal conditions, the detection limit (LOD) for MCF-7 exosomes was as low as 26 particle/μL (S/N = 3). This method provides an effective approach for sensitive and accurate quantification of tumor exosomes, and can be expected to detect exosomes in clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Chen
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Jingzi Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Qihui Xie
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Zhaohui Chu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Fan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, PR China.
| | - Qingjiang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, PR China.
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