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Ouyang R, Huang Y, Ma Y, Feng M, Liu X, Geng C, Zhao Y, Zhou S, Liu B, Miao Y. Nanomaterials promote the fast development of electrochemical MiRNA biosensors. RSC Adv 2024; 14:17929-17944. [PMID: 38836170 PMCID: PMC11149695 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08258j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer has become the leading cause of death worldwide. In recent years, molecular diagnosis has demonstrated great potential in the prediction and diagnosis of cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short oligonucleotides that regulate gene expression and cell function and are considered ideal biomarkers for cancer detection, diagnosis, and patient prognosis. Therefore, the specific and sensitive detection of ultra-low quantities of miRNA is of great significance. MiRNA biosensors based on electrochemical technology have advantages of high sensitivity, low cost and fast response. Nanomaterials show great potential in miRNA electrochemical detection and promote the rapid development of electrochemical miRNA biosensors. Some methods and signal amplification strategies for miRNA detection in recent years are reviewed herein, followed by a discussion of the latest progress in electrochemical miRNA detection based on different types of nanomaterial. Future perspectives and challenges are also proposed for further exploration of nanomaterials to bring breakthroughs in electrochemical miRNA detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhuo Ouyang
- Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 China
| | - Ying Huang
- Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 China
| | - Yuanhui Ma
- Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 China
| | - Meina Feng
- Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 China
| | - Xi Liu
- Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 China
| | - Chongrui Geng
- Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 China
| | - Yuefeng Zhao
- Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200093 China
| | - Baolin Liu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 China
| | - Yuqing Miao
- Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 China
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Liu Z, Huang S, Yan Y, Pang W, Zhong F, Huang Q, Caddeo F, Zhang M, Jin M, Shui L. Multiplex signal amplification for ultrasensitive CRP assay via integrated electrochemical biosensor array using MOF-derived carbon material and aptamers. Talanta 2024; 272:125735. [PMID: 38364556 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Accurate and precise detection of disease-associated proteins, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), remains a challenge in biosensor development. Herein, we present a novel approach-an integrated disposable aptasensor array-designed for precise, ultra-sensitive, and parallel detection of CRP in plasma samples. This integrated biosensing array platform enables multiplex parallel testing, ensuring the accuracy and reliability in sample analysis. The ultra-sensitivity of this biosensor is achieved through multiplex signal amplification. Leveraging the superior conductivity and extensive surface area of MOF-derived nanoporous carbon material (CMOF), the biosensor enhances recognition elements (aptamers) by catalyzing the horseradish peroxidase (HRP) label enzyme reaction to multiply the number of probe molecules. Optimized conditions yielded exceptional performance, exhibiting high accuracy (relative standard deviation, RSD≤10.0 %), a low detection limit (0.3 pg/mL, S/N = 3), ultra-sensitivity (0.16 μA/ng mL-1 mm-2), and a rapid response (seven parallel tests within 60 min). Importantly, this multi-unit integrated disposable aptasensor array accurately quantified CRP in human serum, demonstrating comparable results to commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). This technology showcases promise for detecting various biomarkers using a unified approach, presenting an appealing strategy for early disease diagnosis and biological analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenping Liu
- Joint Laboratory of Optofluidic Technology and System, National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; University of Hamburg, Institute for Nanostructure and Solid-State Physics, Center for Hybrid Nanostructures, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Shuqing Huang
- Joint Laboratory of Optofluidic Technology and System, National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Yu Yan
- Joint Laboratory of Optofluidic Technology and System, National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Wenbin Pang
- Joint Laboratory of Optofluidic Technology and System, National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Fenqing Zhong
- Joint Laboratory of Optofluidic Technology and System, National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Qiuju Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation, College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, PR China.
| | - Francesco Caddeo
- University of Hamburg, Institute for Nanostructure and Solid-State Physics, Center for Hybrid Nanostructures, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Minmin Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Mingliang Jin
- Joint Laboratory of Optofluidic Technology and System, National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; International Academy of Optoelectronics at Zhaoqing, South China Normal University, Zhaoqing, 526238, PR China.
| | - Lingling Shui
- Joint Laboratory of Optofluidic Technology and System, National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
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Lee IC, Li YCE, Thomas JL, Lee MH, Lin HY. Recent advances using MXenes in biomedical applications. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:876-902. [PMID: 38175543 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01588b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
An MXene is a novel two-dimensional transition metal carbide or nitride, with a typical formula of Mn+1XnTx (M = transition metals, X = carbon or nitrogen, and T = functional groups). MXenes have found wide application in biomedicine and biosensing, owing to their high biocompatibility, abundant reactive surface groups, good conductivity, and photothermal properties. Applications include photo- and electrochemical sensors, energy storage, and electronics. This review will highlight recent applications of MXene and MXene-derived materials in drug delivery, tissue engineering, antimicrobial activity, and biosensors (optical and electrochemical). We further elaborate on recent developments in utilizing MXenes for photothermal cancer therapy, and we explore multimodal treatments, including the integration of chemotherapeutic agents or magnetic nanoparticles for enhanced therapeutic efficacy. The high surface area and reactivity of MXenes provide an interface to respond to the changes in the environment, allowing MXene-based drug carriers to respond to changes in pH, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and electrical signals for controlled release applications. Furthermore, the conductivity of MXene enables it to provide electrical stimulation for cultured cells and endows it with photocatalytic capabilities that can be used in antibiotic applications. Wearable and in situ sensors incorporating MXenes are also included. Major challenges and future development directions of MXenes in biomedical applications are also discussed. The remarkable properties of MXenes will undoubtedly lead to their increasing use in the applications discussed here, as well as many others.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Chi Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Ethan Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung, 40724, Taiwan
| | - James L Thomas
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Mei-Hwa Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yin Lin
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, 700, Kaohsiung University Rd., Nan-Tzu District, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan.
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Zhao Z, Yang S, Tang X, Feng L, Ding Z, Chen Z, Luo X, Deng R, Sheng J, Xie S, Chang K, Chen M. DNA four-way junction-driven dual-rolling circle amplification sandwich-type aptasensor for ultra-sensitive and specific detection of tumor-derived exosomes. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 246:115841. [PMID: 38006701 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need to accurately quantify tumor-derived exosomes, which have emerged as promising non-invasive tumor diagnostic biomarkers. Herein, a bispecific-aptamer sandwich-type gold nanoparticle-modified electrochemical aptasensor was developed based on a four-way junction (4-WJ)-triggered dual rolling circle amplification (RCA)-assisted methylene blue (MB)/G-quadruplex strategy for extremely specific and sensitive exosome detection. This aptamer/exosome/aptamer sandwich-type design contained a CD63-specific aptamer and a cancerous mucin-1 (MUC1) protein-specific aptamer. The CD63 aptamer modified on a gold electrode captured exosomes, and then the sandwich-type aptasensor was formed with the addition of the MUC1 aptamer. The MUC1 aptamer's 3'-end sequence facilitated the formation of 4-WJ, assisted by a molecular beacon probe and a binary DNA probe. Subsequently, a dual-RCA reaction was triggered by binding to two cytosine-rich circle DNA templates at both ends of 4-WJ. Ultimately, dual-RCA products containing multiple G-quadruplex conformations were generated with the assistance of K+ to trap abundant MB indicators and amplify electrochemical signals. The aptasensor exhibited high specificity, sensitivity, repeatability, and stability toward MCF-7-derived exosomes, with a detection limit of 20 particles/mL and a linear range of 1 × 102 to 1 × 107 particles/mL. Moreover, it showed excellent applicability in clinical settings to recover exosomes in normal human serum. Our aptasensor is anticipated to serve as a versatile platform for detecting various specific aptamer-based targets in biomedical and bioanalytical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuyang Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Sha Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xiaoqi Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Liu Feng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zishan Ding
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhiguo Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xing Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ruijia Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jing Sheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Shuang Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Kai Chang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China; College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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Farasati Far B, Rabiee N, Iravani S. Environmental implications of metal-organic frameworks and MXenes in biomedical applications: a perspective. RSC Adv 2023; 13:34562-34575. [PMID: 38024989 PMCID: PMC10668918 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07092a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and MXenes have demonstrated immense potential for biomedical applications, offering a plethora of advantages. MXenes, in particular, exhibit robust mechanical strength, hydrophilicity, large surface areas, significant light absorption potential, and tunable surface terminations, among other remarkable characteristics. Meanwhile, MOFs possess high porosity and large surface area, making them ideal for protecting active biomolecules and serving as carriers for drug delivery, hence their extensive study in the field of biomedicine. However, akin to other (nano)materials, concerns regarding their environmental implications persist. The number of studies investigating the toxicity and biocompatibility of MXenes and MOFs is growing, albeit further systematic research is needed to thoroughly understand their biosafety issues and biological effects prior to clinical trials. The synthesis of MXenes often involves the use of strong acids and high temperatures, which, if not properly managed, can have adverse effects on the environment. Efforts should be made to minimize the release of harmful byproducts and ensure proper waste management during the production process. In addition, it is crucial to assess the potential release of MXenes into the environment during their use in biomedical applications. For the biomedical applications of MOFs, several challenges exist. These include high fabrication costs, poor selectivity, low capacity, the quest for stable and water-resistant MOFs, as well as difficulties in recycling/regeneration and maintaining chemical/thermal/mechanical stability. Thus, careful consideration of the biosafety issues associated with their fabrication and utilization is vital. In addition to the synthesis and manufacturing processes, the ultimate utilization and fate of MOFs and MXenes in biomedical applications must be taken into account. While numerous reviews have been published regarding the biomedical applications of MOFs and MXenes, this perspective aims to shed light on the key environmental implications and biosafety issues, urging researchers to conduct further research in this field. Thus, the crucial aspects of the environmental implications and biosafety of MOFs and MXenes in biomedicine are thoroughly discussed, focusing on the main challenges and outlining future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Farasati Far
- Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran 1684611367 Iran
| | - Navid Rabiee
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University Sydney New South Wales 2109 Australia
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University Perth WA 6150 Australia
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