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Liu R, Song H, Wu H, Yang Z, Fang S, Zhu J, Ba L. Sub-femtomolar vertical graphene field effect immunosensor for detection of lung tumor markers. Talanta 2024; 278:126498. [PMID: 38959668 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the main cancer that endangers human life worldwide, with the highest mortality rate. The detection of lung tumor markers is of great significance for the early diagnosis and subsequent treatment of lung cancer. In this study, a vertical graphene field effect transistor (VGFET) immunosensor based on graphene/C60 heterojunction was created to offer quantitative detections for the lung tumor markers carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin 19 fragment (Cyfra21-1), and neuron-specific enolase (NSE). The experimental results showed that the sensitive range for standard antigen is between 1 pg/ml to 100 ng/ml, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 5.6 amol/ml for CEA, 33.3 amol/ml for Cyfra 21-1 and 12.8 amol/ml for NSE (1 pg/ml for all). The detection accuracy for these tumor markers was compared with the clinically used method for clinical patients on serum samples. Results are highly consistent with clinically used immunoassay in its efficient diagnosis concentration range. Subsequently, the mesoporous silica nanospheres (MSNs) with an average size of 90 nm were surface modified with glutaraldehyde, and a second antibody was assembled on MSNs, which fixes nanospheres on the antigen and amplified the field effect. The LODs for three markers are 100 fg/ml (0.56 amol/ml for CEA) under optimal circumstances of detection. This result indicates that specific binding to MSNs enhances local field effects and can achieve higher sensing efficiency for tumor marker detection at extremely low concentrations, providing effective assistance for the early diagnosis of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biology and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Hang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biology and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China; Institute of Sports and Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, China
| | - Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biology and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Zhihao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biology and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Surong Fang
- Department of Emergency, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Emergency, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Long Ba
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biology and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
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Erkal-Aytemur A, Mülazımoğlu İE, Üstündağ Z, Caglayan MO. A novel aptasensor platform for the detection of carcinoembryonic antigen using quartz crystal microbalance. Talanta 2024; 277:126376. [PMID: 38852341 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) aptasensor for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a well-known biomarker for various cancer types, was reported, utilizing two different aptamers. To achieve this, a nanofilm of 4-mercaptophenyl was electrochemically attached to gold-coated QCM crystal surfaces via the reduction of 4-mercaptobenzenediazonium salt (4 MB-DAT) using cyclic voltammetry. Subsequently, gold nanoparticles (AuNP) were affixed to this structure, and then aptamers (antiCEA1 and antiCEA2) modified with SH-functional ends bound to AuNPs completed the modification. The analytical performance of the CEA sensor was evaluated through simultaneous QCM measurements employing CEA solutions ranging from 0.1 ng/mL to 25 ng/mL. The detection limit (LOD) for CEA was determined to be 102 pg/mL for antiCEA1 and 108 pg/mL for antiCEA2 aptamers. Interday and intraday precision and accuracy tests yielded maximum results of 4.3 and + 3.8, respectively, for both aptasensors, as measured by relative standard deviation (RSD%) and relative error (RE%). The kinetic data of the aptasensors resulted in affinity values (KD) of 0.43 ± 0.14 nM for antiCEA1 and 0.75 ± 0.42 nM for antiCEA2. These values were lower than the reported values of 3.9 nM and 37.8 nM for both aptamers, respectively. The selectivity of the aptasensor was evaluated by measuring the signal changes caused by alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), cancer antigen (CA-125), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-165) individually and together at a concentration of 500 ng/mL, resulting in a maximum 4.1 % change, which was comparable to precision and accuracy values reported in the literature. After confirming the selectivity of the aptamers, recovery experiments were conducted using spiked commercial serum samples to simulate real samples, and the lowest recovery value obtained was 95.4 %. It was determined that two different aptasensors could be successfully used for the QCM-based detection of CEA in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslı Erkal-Aytemur
- Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, R.K. Faculty of Engineering, Fundamental Science, Antalya, Turkey
| | | | - Zafer Üstündağ
- Kütahya Dumlupınar University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Chemistry, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Oguzhan Caglayan
- Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Bilecik, Turkey.
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Sharma KS, Panchal K, Kumar D. Inhibit-AND logic gate enabled versatile BoF-AgNPs as ultrasensitive and selective nanoprobe for Mn(II) ions and nanocatalyst for rapid MB decoloration. Talanta 2024; 279:126579. [PMID: 39067206 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
There is great interest in fabricating devices that can detect and remove water pollutants, especially heavy metal ions and dyes from wastewater, to promote sustainable water use. In this study, an extract of Borassus flabellifer leaves (BoF-LE) was used to synthesize silver nanoparticles (BoF-AgNPs), with the BoF-LE serving as a reducing and capping agent. The sensitivity and selectivity of BoF-AgNPs for Mn(II) ions were tested by comparing with the control sample and other competent metal ions. Our results showed that BoF-AgNPs are extremely sensitive and selective in detecting Mn(II) ions, with a detection limit of 0.3 ppb. HR-TEM, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and DLS investigations were used to confirm that BoF-AgNPs detect Mn(II) ions by an aggregation-based mechanism. Additionally, it was found that BoF-AgNPs are effective in rapidly decolorizing MB dye, as demonstrated by their ability to decolorize MB by 92.66% within 7 min. This study is the first to report successful synthesis of BoF-AgNPs and their two applications, which are enabled with an Inhibit-AND logic gate. Using BoF-AgNPs to detect and degrade water pollutants may promote sustainable water use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kritika S Sharma
- School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, 382030, India.
| | - Kajal Panchal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, 382030, India.
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, 382030, India.
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Kuntamung K, Sangthong P, Jakmunee J, Ounnunkad K. Simultaneous immunodetection of multiple cervical cancer biomarkers based on a signal-amplifying redox probes/polyethyleneimine-coated gold nanoparticles/2D tungsten disulfide/graphene oxide nanocomposite platform. Bioelectrochemistry 2024; 160:108780. [PMID: 39018611 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2024.108780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
To advance cervical cancer diagnostics, we propose a state-of-the-art label-free electrochemical immunosensor designed for the simultaneous detection of multiple biomarker proteins (p16INK4a, p53, and Ki67). This immunosensor is constructed using a polyethyleneimine-coated gold nanoparticles/2D tungsten disulfide/graphene oxide (PEI-AuNPs/2D WS2/GO) composite-modified three-screen-printed carbon electrode (3SPCE) array. The 2D WS2/GO hybrid provides a large specific surface area for supporting well-dispersed PEI-AuNPs and adsorbed redox-active species, enhancing overall performance. The PEI-AuNPs-decorated 2D WS2/GO composite not only improves electrode conductivity but also increases the antibody loading capacity. Redox-active species, including Cd2+ ions, 2,3-diaminophenazine (DAP), and methylene blue (MB), serve as distinct signaling compounds to quantitatively detect the cervical cancer biomarkers p16INK4a, p53, and Ki67, respectively. Additionally, the immunosensor demonstrates the detection with high sensitivity, good storage stability, high selectivity, and acceptable reproducibility. This immunosensor demonstrates a good linear relationship with the logarithm of protein concentrations. Additionally, the immunosensor also demonstrates high sensitivity, good storage stability, high selectivity, and acceptable reproducibility. Our promising results and the successful application of the immunosensor in detecting three tumor markers in human serum highlight its potential for clinical diagnosis of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kulrisa Kuntamung
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Division of Occupational and Environmental Diseases, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand
| | - Padchanee Sangthong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Jaroon Jakmunee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Kontad Ounnunkad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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Zhong Z, Ding L, Man Z, Zeng Y, Pan B, Zhu JJ, Zhang M, Cheng F. Versatile Metal-Organic Framework Incorporating Ag 2S for Constructing a Photoelectrochemical Immunosensor for Two Breast Cancer Markers. Anal Chem 2024; 96:8837-8843. [PMID: 38757510 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c02091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer poses the significance of early diagnosis and treatment. Here, we developed an innovative photoelectrochemical (PEC) immunosensor characterized by high-level dual photocurrent signals and exceptional sensitivity. The PEC sensor, denoted as MIL&Ag2S, was constructed by incorporating Ag2S into a metal-organic framework of MIL-101(Cr). This composite not only enhanced electron-hole separation and conductivity but also yielded robust and stable dual photocurrent signals. Through the implementation of signal switching, we achieved the combined detection of cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) with outstanding stability, reproducibility, and specificity. The results revealed a linear range for CEA detection spanning 0.01-32 ng/mL, with a remarkably low detection limit of 0.0023 ng/mL. Similarly, for CA15-3 detection, the linear range extended from 0.1 to 320 U/mL, with a low detection limit of 0.014 U/mL. The proposed strategy introduces new avenues for the development of highly efficient, cost-effective, and user-friendly PEC sensors. Furthermore, it holds promising prospects for early clinical diagnosis, contributing to potential breakthroughs in medical detection and ultimately improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxiang Zhong
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China
| | - Lei Ding
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China
- School of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zu Man
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China
| | - Yinan Zeng
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China
| | - Bochi Pan
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhu
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China
| | - Faliang Cheng
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China
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Zhang J, Tan M, Chen Q, Zhang K, Zhou Q, Lai W, Tang D. Split-type photoelectrochemical immunoassay for sensitive quantification of carcinoembryonic antigen based on target-induced in situ formation of Z-type heterojunction. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:1901-1907. [PMID: 38488115 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00248b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a vital biomarker, plays a significant role in the early diagnosis and prognostic estimation of malignant tumors. In this study, a split-type photoelectrochemical immunoassay for the sensitive quantification of CEA has been successfully developed based on the target-induced in situ formation of a Z-type heterojunction. First, gold nanoparticle-decorated ZnIn2S4 (AuNPs/ZnIn2S4) composites were synthesized and used for the fabrication of photoelectrodes. Then, the detection antibody labeled with Ag nanoparticles was formed and applied for the biorecognition of CEA and subsequent liberation of Ag+ ions to induce the in situ formation of Ag2S/AuNPs/ZnIn2S4, a Z-type heterojunction, on the photoelectrode. The Z-type Ag2S/AuNPs/ZnIn2S4 heterojunction with effectively promoted separation of photogenerated charge carriers could lead to a markedly enhanced photocurrent response and highly sensitive quantification of CEA. Moreover, the three-dimensional spatial structure of ZnIn2S4 provides abundant active sites for the reaction and exhibits non-enzymatic properties, which are conducive to the further improvement of the analytical performance of CEA. The developed split-type photoelectrochemical immunoassay with good sensitivity, satisfactory selectivity, reliable stability, wide dynamic linear range (0.01-20 ng mL-1), and low detection limit (7.3 pg mL-1) offers valuable insights into the development of novel PEC biosensing models for the detection of tumor biomarkers and holds potential application value in the field of disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Zhang
- School of Advanced Manufacturing, Fuzhou University, Jinjiang 362200, People's Republic of China.
| | - Meirong Tan
- School of Advanced Manufacturing, Fuzhou University, Jinjiang 362200, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qian Chen
- School of Advanced Manufacturing, Fuzhou University, Jinjiang 362200, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kangyao Zhang
- School of Advanced Manufacturing, Fuzhou University, Jinjiang 362200, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qian Zhou
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Plants Utilization, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenqiang Lai
- Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Pollution Monitoring and Control of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environment, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dianping Tang
- Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety (Ministry of Education & Fujian Province), Institute of Nanomedicine and Nanobiosensing, Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
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Wang W, Tang H, Zhou L, Li Z. A Novel Label-Free Electrochemical Immunosensor for the Detection of Thyroid Transcription Factor 1 Using Ribbon-like Tungsten Disulfide-Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanohybrids and Gold Nanoparticles. Molecules 2024; 29:552. [PMID: 38276630 PMCID: PMC10819751 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF1) is an important cancer-related biomarker for clinical diagnosis, especially for carcinomas of lung and thyroid origin. Herein, a novel label-free electrochemical immunosensor was prepared for TTF1 detection based on nanohybrids of ribbon-like tungsten disulfide-reduced graphene oxide (WS2-rGO) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The proposed immunosensor employed H2O2 as the electrochemical probe because of the excellent peroxidase-like activity of ribbon-like WS2-rGO. The introduction of AuNPs not only enhanced the electrocatalytic activity of the immunosensor, but also provided immobilization sites for binding TTF1 antibodies. The electrochemical signals can be greatly amplified due to their excellent electrochemical performance, which realized the sensitive determination of TTF1 with a wide linear range of 0.025-50 ng mL-1 and a lower detection limit of 0.016 ng mL-1 (S/N = 3). Moreover, the immunosensor exhibited high selectivity, good reproducibility, and robust stability, as well as the ability to detect TTF1 in human serum with satisfactory results. These observed properties of the immunosensor enhance its potential practicability in clinical applications. This method can also be used for the detection of other tumor biomarkers by using the corresponding antigen-antibody complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Wang
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
| | - Huabiao Tang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
| | - Leiji Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhaohui Li
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
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