1
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Lee JY, Gala DS, Kiourlappou M, Olivares-Abril J, Joha J, Titlow JS, Teodoro RO, Davis I. Murine glial protrusion transcripts predict localized Drosophila glial mRNAs involved in plasticity. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202306152. [PMID: 39037431 PMCID: PMC11262410 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202306152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The polarization of cells often involves the transport of specific mRNAs and their localized translation in distal projections. Neurons and glia are both known to contain long cytoplasmic processes, while localized transcripts have only been studied extensively in neurons, not glia, especially in intact nervous systems. Here, we predict 1,740 localized Drosophila glial transcripts by extrapolating from our meta-analysis of seven existing studies characterizing the localized transcriptomes and translatomes of synaptically associated mammalian glia. We demonstrate that the localization of mRNAs in mammalian glial projections strongly predicts the localization of their high-confidence Drosophila homologs in larval motor neuron-associated glial projections and are highly statistically enriched for genes associated with neurological diseases. We further show that some of these localized glial transcripts are specifically required in glia for structural plasticity at the nearby neuromuscular junction synapses. We conclude that peripheral glial mRNA localization is a common and conserved phenomenon and propose that it is likely to be functionally important in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Y. Lee
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Dalia S. Gala
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Jana Joha
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Rita O. Teodoro
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School | Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ilan Davis
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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2
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Onchan W, Attakitbancha C, Uttamapinant C. An expanded molecular and systems toolbox for imaging, mapping, and controlling local translation. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2024; 82:102523. [PMID: 39226865 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2024.102523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Localized protein translation occurs through trafficking of mRNAs and protein translation machineries to different compartments of the cell, leading to rapid on-site synthesis of proteins in response to signaling cues. The spatiotemporally precise nature of the local translation process necessitates continual developments of technologies reviewed herein to visualize and map biomolecular components and the translation process with better spatial and temporal resolution and with fewer artifacts. We also discuss approaches to control local translation, which can serve as a design paradigm for subcellular genetic devices for eukaryotic synthetic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warunya Onchan
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong, Thailand
| | - Chadaporn Attakitbancha
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong, Thailand
| | - Chayasith Uttamapinant
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong, Thailand.
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3
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Bergstrom JJD, Fu MM. Dysregulation of myelination-related genes in schizophrenia. J Neurochem 2024. [PMID: 39086020 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Schizophrenic individuals display disrupted myelination patterns, altered oligodendrocyte distribution, and abnormal oligodendrocyte morphology. Schizophrenia is linked with dysregulation of a variety of genes involved in oligodendrocyte function and myelin production. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and rare mutations in myelination-related genes are observed in certain schizophrenic populations, representing potential genetic risk factors. Downregulation of myelination-related RNAs and proteins, particularly in frontal and limbic regions, is consistently associated with the disorder across multiple studies. These findings support the notion that disruptions in myelination may contribute to the cognitive and behavioral impairments experienced in schizophrenia, although further evidence of causation is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Meng-Meng Fu
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
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4
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Siori D, Vlachakis D, Makrythanasis P, Traeger-Synodinos J, Veltra D, Kampouraki A, Chrousos GP. A TMEM63A Nonsense Heterozygous Variant Linked to Infantile Transient Hypomyelinating Leukodystrophy Type 19? Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:525. [PMID: 38790154 PMCID: PMC11120763 DOI: 10.3390/genes15050525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Infantile onset transient hypomyelination (IOTH) is a rare form of leukodystrophy that is associated with transient motor impairment and delayed central nervous system myelination. Here, we report a case of a new mutation in the transmembrane protein 63A (TMEM63A) gene identified using Whole-Exome Sequencing (WES) in an 8.5-year-old boy with clinical symptoms similar to IOTH. The patient exhibited a mild developmental delay, including hypotonia and delayed motor milestones, as well as some notable phenotypic characteristics, such as macrocephaly and macrosomia. Despite the absence of early neuroimaging, genetic testing revealed a paternally inherited variant in TMEM63A (NM_14698.3:c.220A>T;p:(Arg74*)), potentially linked to infantile transient hypomyelinating leukodystrophy type 19. Our findings in this study and the patient's favorable clinical course underscore the potential for successful myelination even with delayed initiation and may contribute to a better understanding of the genotype-phenotype correlation in IOTH, emphasizing the importance of genetic analysis in unresolved developmental delay cases and providing critical insights for accurate diagnosis, prognosis and potential therapeutic strategies in rare leukodystrophies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra Siori
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece; (D.S.); (D.V.)
- Clinical and Translational Research Endocrine Unit, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 28 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Vlachakis
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece; (D.S.); (D.V.)
- Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece
- School of Informatics, Faculty of Natural & Mathematical Sciences, King’s College London, Bush House, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Periklis Makrythanasis
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Medical School, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Joanne Traeger-Synodinos
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Danai Veltra
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Afrodite Kampouraki
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - George P. Chrousos
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece; (D.S.); (D.V.)
- Clinical and Translational Research Endocrine Unit, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 28 Athens, Greece
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5
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Avila-Gutierrez K, Slaoui L, Alvear-Perez R, Kozlowski E, Oudart M, Augustin E, Claveau C, Mailly P, Monnet H, Mignon V, Saubaméa B, Boulay AC, Cohen-Salmon M. Dynamic local mRNA localization and translation occurs during the postnatal molecular maturation of perivascular astrocytic processes. Glia 2024; 72:777-793. [PMID: 38189217 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Astrocytes are highly ramified and send out perivascular processes (PvAPs) that entirely sheathe the brain's blood vessels. PvAPs are equipped with an enriched molecular repertoire that sustains astrocytic regulatory functions at the vascular interface. In the mouse, PvAP development starts after birth and is essentially complete by postnatal day (P) 15. Progressive molecular maturation also occurs over this period, with the acquisition of proteins enriched in PvAPs. The mechanisms controlling the development and molecular maturation of PvAPs have not been extensively characterized. We reported previously that mRNAs are distributed unequally in mature PvAPs and are locally translated. Since dynamic mRNA localization and local translation influence the cell's polarity, we hypothesized that they might sustain the postnatal maturation of PvAPs. Here, we used a combination of molecular biology and imaging approaches to demonstrate that the development of PvAPs is accompanied by the transport of mRNA and polysomal mRNA into PvAPs, the development of a rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) network and Golgi cisternae, and local translation. By focusing on genes and proteins that are selectively or specifically expressed in astrocytes, we characterized the developmental profile of mRNAs, polysomal mRNAs and proteins in PvAPs from P5 to P60. We found that some polysomal mRNAs polarized progressively towards the PvAPs. Lastly, we found that expression and localization of mRNAs in developing PvAPs is perturbed in a mouse model of megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts. Our results indicate that dynamic mRNA localization and local translation influence the postnatal maturation of PvAPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Avila-Gutierrez
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Leila Slaoui
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Rodrigo Alvear-Perez
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Esther Kozlowski
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Marc Oudart
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Emma Augustin
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Camille Claveau
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Mailly
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Héloïse Monnet
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Virginie Mignon
- INSERM, CNRS, P-MIM, Plateforme d'Imagerie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (PICMO), Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Saubaméa
- INSERM, CNRS, P-MIM, Plateforme d'Imagerie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (PICMO), Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Inserm, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Cécile Boulay
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Martine Cohen-Salmon
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
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6
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Aranda S, Muntané G, Vilella E. Coexpression network analysis of the adult brain sheds light on the pathogenic mechanism of DDR1 in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:112. [PMID: 38395959 PMCID: PMC10891045 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02823-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
DDR1 has been linked to schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) in association studies. DDR1 encodes 58 distinct transcripts, which can be translated into five isoforms (DDR1a-e) and are expressed in the brain. However, the transcripts expressed in each brain cell type, their functions and their involvement in SCZ and BD remain unknown. Here, to infer the processes in which DDR1 transcripts are involved, we used transcriptomic data from the human brain dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of healthy controls (N = 936) and performed weighted gene coexpression network analysis followed by enrichment analyses. Then, to explore the involvement of DDR1 transcripts in SCZ (N = 563) and BD (N = 222), we studied the association of coexpression modules with disease and performed differential expression and transcript significance analyses. Some DDR1 transcripts were distributed across five coexpression modules identified in healthy controls (MHC). MHC1 and MHC2 were enriched in the cell cycle and proliferation of astrocytes and OPCs; MHC3 and MHC4 were enriched in oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination; and MHC5 was enriched in neurons and synaptic transmission. Most of the DDR1 transcripts associated with SCZ and BD pertained to MHC1 and MHC2. Altogether, our results suggest that DDR1 expression might be altered in SCZ and BD via the proliferation of astrocytes and OPCs, suggesting that these processes are relevant in psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selena Aranda
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili-CERCA, Reus, Spain
- Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata, Reus, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gerard Muntané
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili-CERCA, Reus, Spain
- Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata, Reus, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (UPF-CSIC), Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisabet Vilella
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili-CERCA, Reus, Spain.
- Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata, Reus, Spain.
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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7
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Schneider Y, Gauer C, Andert M, Hoffmann A, Riemenschneider MJ, Krebs W, Chalmers N, Lötzsch C, Naumann UJ, Xiang W, Rothhammer V, Beckervordersandforth R, Schlachetzki JCM, Winkler J. Distinct forebrain regions define a dichotomous astrocytic profile in multiple system atrophy. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2024; 12:1. [PMID: 38167307 PMCID: PMC10759635 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01699-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The growing recognition of a dichotomous role of astrocytes in neurodegenerative processes has heightened the need for unraveling distinct astrocytic subtypes in neurological disorders. In multiple system atrophy (MSA), a rare, rapidly progressing atypical Parkinsonian disease characterized by increased astrocyte reactivity. However the specific contribution of astrocyte subtypes to neuropathology remains elusive. Hence, we first set out to profile glial fibrillary acidic protein levels in astrocytes across the human post mortem motor cortex, putamen, and substantia nigra of MSA patients and observed an overall profound astrocytic response. Matching the post mortem human findings, a similar astrocytic phenotype was present in a transgenic MSA mouse model. Notably, MSA mice exhibited a decreased expression of the glutamate transporter 1 and glutamate aspartate transporter in the basal ganglia, but not the motor cortex. We developed an optimized astrocyte isolation protocol based on magnetic-activated cell sorting via ATPase Na+/K+ transporting subunit beta 2 and profiled the transcriptomic landscape of striatal and cortical astrocytes in transgenic MSA mice. The gene expression profile of astrocytes in the motor cortex displayed an anti-inflammatory signature with increased oligodendroglial and pro-myelinogenic expression pattern. In contrast, striatal astrocytes were defined by elevated pro-inflammatory transcripts accompanied by dysregulated genes involved in homeostatic functions for lipid and calcium metabolism. These findings provide new insights into a region-dependent, dichotomous astrocytic response-potentially beneficial in the cortex and harmful in the striatum-in MSA suggesting a differential role of astrocytes in MSA-related neurodegenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Schneider
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - C Gauer
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Andert
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - A Hoffmann
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
- UK Dementia Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Immunology, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M J Riemenschneider
- Department of Neuropathology, Regensburg University Hospital, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - W Krebs
- Core Unit Bioinformatics, Data Integration and Analysis (CUBiDA), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - N Chalmers
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - C Lötzsch
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - U J Naumann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - W Xiang
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - V Rothhammer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - R Beckervordersandforth
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - J C M Schlachetzki
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - J Winkler
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
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8
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Jiang G, Ayaki T, Maki T, Yasuda K, Yoshii D, Kaji S, Takahashi R. Evaluation of BCAS1-positive immature oligodendrocytes after cerebral ischemic stroke and SVD. Neurosci Lett 2023; 812:137405. [PMID: 37479175 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic cerebrovascular disease is an important cause of physical disability and dementia. Oligodendrocytes (OLGs), which differentiate from oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), are crucial for remyelination of the damaged brain and functional recovery. Breast carcinoma amplified sequence 1 (BCAS1) has recently been shown to be highly expressed in newly formed pre-myelinating oligodendrocytes (pre-mOLGs), while its expression level is reduced in mature OLGs. In this study, we analyzed BCAS1 expression by immunohistochemical analysis of human post-mortem brain tissue from six stroke patients (death within 2 months after stroke onset) and eight small vessel disease (SVD) patients. Control post-mortem brain tissue was from eight age-matched patients without any obvious central nervous system (CNS) pathology. The Olig2 expression in the area corresponding to the same section of the BCAS1-stained slice was analyzed to determine the total oligodendrocyte lineage. The percentage of differentiating OPCs in the oligodendrocyte lineage was calculated as the ratio of BCAS1+ to Olig2+ cells (BCAS1+/Olig2+). The stroke and SVD cases showed demyelination with decreased expression of myelin basic protein (MBP, a mature OLG marker). The stroke cases showed significantly increased numbers of early-stage BCAS1+ cells with an immature morphology and Olig2+ cells (pan-oligodendrocyte lineages) in the peri-infarct areas in both the cortex and white matter, but showed no increase in the number of late-stage BCAS1+ cells with a mature morphology. In contrast, the SVD cases showed no significant increase in Olig2+ and BCAS1+ cells. These results indicated that remyelination dysfunction could be attributed to insufficient maturation of OPCs in stroke and impaired recruitment of OPCs in SVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanhua Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Ayaki
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Takakuni Maki
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ken Yasuda
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yoshii
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Seiji Kaji
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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9
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Zeng H, Huang J, Ren J, Wang CK, Tang Z, Zhou H, Zhou Y, Shi H, Aditham A, Sui X, Chen H, Lo JA, Wang X. Spatially resolved single-cell translatomics at molecular resolution. Science 2023; 380:eadd3067. [PMID: 37384709 PMCID: PMC11146668 DOI: 10.1126/science.add3067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
The precise control of messenger RNA (mRNA) translation is a crucial step in posttranscriptional gene regulation of cellular physiology. However, it remains a challenge to systematically study mRNA translation at the transcriptomic scale with spatial and single-cell resolution. Here, we report the development of ribosome-bound mRNA mapping (RIBOmap), a highly multiplexed three-dimensional in situ profiling method to detect cellular translatome. RIBOmap profiling of 981 genes in HeLa cells revealed cell cycle-dependent translational control and colocalized translation of functional gene modules. We mapped 5413 genes in mouse brain tissues, yielding spatially resolved single-cell translatomic profiles for 119,173 cells and revealing cell type-specific and brain region-specific translational regulation, including translation remodeling during oligodendrocyte maturation. Our method detected widespread patterns of localized translation in neuronal and glial cells in intact brain tissue networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jiahao Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jingyi Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Zefang Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Haowen Zhou
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Yiming Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Hailing Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Abhishek Aditham
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Xin Sui
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Hongyu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jennifer A. Lo
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
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10
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Vecchiarelli HA, Tremblay MÈ. Local translation in microglial processes. Nat Neurosci 2023:10.1038/s41593-023-01370-z. [PMID: 37311948 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01370-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haley A Vecchiarelli
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Marie-Ève Tremblay
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
- Institute for Aging and Lifelong Health, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
- Départment de Médicine Moléculaire, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada.
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada.
- Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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11
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Gould R, Brady S. Identifying mRNAs Residing in Myelinating Oligodendrocyte Processes as a Basis for Understanding Internode Autonomy. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13040945. [PMID: 37109474 PMCID: PMC10142070 DOI: 10.3390/life13040945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In elaborating and maintaining myelin sheaths on multiple axons/segments, oligodendrocytes distribute translation of some proteins, including myelin basic protein (MBP), to sites of myelin sheath assembly, or MSAS. As mRNAs located at these sites are selectively trapped in myelin vesicles during tissue homogenization, we performed a screen to identify some of these mRNAs. To confirm locations, we used real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), to measure mRNA levels in myelin (M) and ‘non-myelin’ pellet (P) fractions, and found that five (LPAR1, TRP53INP2, TRAK2, TPPP, and SH3GL3) of thirteen mRNAs were highly enriched in myelin (M/P), suggesting residences in MSAS. Because expression by other cell-types will increase p-values, some MSAS mRNAs might be missed. To identify non-oligodendrocyte expression, we turned to several on-line resources. Although neurons express TRP53INP2, TRAK2 and TPPP mRNAs, these expressions did not invalidate recognitions as MSAS mRNAs. However, neuronal expression likely prevented recognition of KIF1A and MAPK8IP1 mRNAs as MSAS residents and ependymal cell expression likely prevented APOD mRNA assignment to MSAS. Complementary in situ hybridization (ISH) is recommended to confirm residences of mRNAs in MSAS. As both proteins and lipids are synthesized in MSAS, understanding myelination should not only include efforts to identify proteins synthesized in MSAS, but also the lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Gould
- Whitman Research Center, Marine Biology Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - Scott Brady
- Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Jahanbazi Jahan-Abad A, Salapa HE, Libner CD, Thibault PA, Levin MC. hnRNP A1 dysfunction in oligodendrocytes contributes to the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. Glia 2023; 71:633-647. [PMID: 36382566 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte (OL) damage and death are prominent features of multiple sclerosis (MS) pathology, yet mechanisms contributing to OL loss are incompletely understood. Dysfunctional RNA binding proteins (RBPs), hallmarked by nucleocytoplasmic mislocalization and altered expression, have been shown to result in cell loss in neurologic diseases, including in MS. Since we previously observed that the RBP heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1) was dysfunctional in neurons in MS, we hypothesized that it might also contribute to OL pathology in MS and relevant models. We discovered that hnRNP A1 dysfunction is characteristic of OLs in MS brains. These findings were recapitulated in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model of MS, where hnRNP A1 dysfunction was characteristic of OLs, including oligodendrocyte precursor cells and mature OLs in which hnRNP A1 dysfunction correlated with demyelination. We also found that hnRNP A1 dysfunction was induced by IFNγ, indicating that inflammation influences hnRNP A1 function. To fully understand the effects of hnRNP A1 dysfunction on OLs, we performed siRNA knockdown of hnRNP A1, followed by RNA sequencing. RNA sequencing detected over 4000 differentially expressed transcripts revealing alterations to RNA metabolism, cell morphology, and programmed cell death pathways. We confirmed that hnRNP A1 knockdown was detrimental to OLs and induced apoptosis and necroptosis. Together, these data demonstrate a critical role for hnRNP A1 in proper OL functioning and survival and suggest a potential mechanism of OL damage and death in MS that involves hnRNP A1 dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Jahanbazi Jahan-Abad
- Office of the Saskatchewan Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Research Chair, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.,Cameco MS Neuroscience Research Centre, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.,Neurology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Hannah E Salapa
- Office of the Saskatchewan Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Research Chair, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.,Cameco MS Neuroscience Research Centre, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.,Neurology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Cole D Libner
- Office of the Saskatchewan Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Research Chair, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.,Cameco MS Neuroscience Research Centre, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.,Department of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Patricia A Thibault
- Office of the Saskatchewan Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Research Chair, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.,Cameco MS Neuroscience Research Centre, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.,Neurology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Michael C Levin
- Office of the Saskatchewan Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Research Chair, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.,Cameco MS Neuroscience Research Centre, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.,Neurology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.,Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Gala DS, Titlow JS, Teodoro RO, Davis I. Far from home: the role of glial mRNA localization in synaptic plasticity. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 29:153-169. [PMID: 36442969 PMCID: PMC9891262 DOI: 10.1261/rna.079422.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Neurons and glia are highly polarized cells, whose distal cytoplasmic functional subdomains require specific proteins. Neurons have axonal and dendritic cytoplasmic extensions containing synapses whose plasticity is regulated efficiently by mRNA transport and localized translation. The principles behind these mechanisms are equally attractive for explaining rapid local regulation of distal glial cytoplasmic projections, independent of their cell nucleus. However, in contrast to neurons, mRNA localization has received little experimental attention in glia. Nevertheless, there are many functionally diverse glial subtypes containing extensive networks of long cytoplasmic projections with likely localized regulation that influence neurons and their synapses. Moreover, glia have many other neuron-like properties, including electrical activity, secretion of gliotransmitters and calcium signaling, influencing, for example, synaptic transmission, plasticity and axon pruning. Here, we review previous studies concerning glial transcripts with important roles in influencing synaptic plasticity, focusing on a few cases involving localized translation. We discuss a variety of important questions about mRNA transport and localized translation in glia that remain to be addressed, using cutting-edge tools already available for neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia S Gala
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
| | - Joshua S Titlow
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
| | - Rita O Teodoro
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School-Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal
| | - Ilan Davis
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
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Nowacki JC, Fields AM, Fu MM. Emerging cellular themes in leukodystrophies. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:902261. [PMID: 36003149 PMCID: PMC9393611 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.902261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukodystrophies are a broad spectrum of neurological disorders that are characterized primarily by deficiencies in myelin formation. Clinical manifestations of leukodystrophies usually appear during childhood and common symptoms include lack of motor coordination, difficulty with or loss of ambulation, issues with vision and/or hearing, cognitive decline, regression in speech skills, and even seizures. Many cases of leukodystrophy can be attributed to genetic mutations, but they have diverse inheritance patterns (e.g., autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant, or X-linked) and some arise from de novo mutations. In this review, we provide an updated overview of 35 types of leukodystrophies and focus on cellular mechanisms that may underlie these disorders. We find common themes in specialized functions in oligodendrocytes, which are specialized producers of membranes and myelin lipids. These mechanisms include myelin protein defects, lipid processing and peroxisome dysfunction, transcriptional and translational dysregulation, disruptions in cytoskeletal organization, and cell junction defects. In addition, non-cell-autonomous factors in astrocytes and microglia, such as autoimmune reactivity, and intercellular communication, may also play a role in leukodystrophy onset. We hope that highlighting these themes in cellular dysfunction in leukodystrophies may yield conceptual insights on future therapeutic approaches.
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