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Bagri P, Chester K, Khan W, Ahmad S. Aspects of extraction and biological evaluation of naturally occurring sugar-mimicking sulfonium-ion and their synthetic analogues as potent α-glucosidase inhibitors from Salacia: a review. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra02955a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A review of the selective inhibitory activities of sulfonium compounds ofSalaciaagainst intestinal α-glucosidases, structural features important for effective inhibition and the toggling approach for controlling starch digestion and glucose release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Bagri
- School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry
- Jamia Hamdard
- New Delhi
| | | | - Washim Khan
- School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry
- Jamia Hamdard
- New Delhi
| | - Sayeed Ahmad
- School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry
- Jamia Hamdard
- New Delhi
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2
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Zhong Y, Ma S, Li B, Jiang X, Wang R. Diastereoselective Synthesis of Biheterocyclic Tetrahydrothiophene Derivatives via Base-Catalyzed Cascade Michael-Aldol [3 + 2] Annulation of 1,4-Dithiane-2,5-diol with Maleimides. J Org Chem 2015; 80:6870-4. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhong
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- School
of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs
of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shixiong Ma
- School
of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs
of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Bai Li
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xianxing Jiang
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- School
of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs
of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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3
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Taouai M, Abidi R, Garcia J, Siriwardena A, Benazza M. Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Thioethers Using an Uncommon Base-Triggered 1,5-Thiol Transfer Reaction of 1-Bromo-2-alkylthiolcarbonates. J Org Chem 2014; 79:10743-51. [DOI: 10.1021/jo5015504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Taouai
- Laboratoire
de Glycochimie, des Antimicrobiens et des Agroressources (LG2A-FRE3517
CNRS), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 10 Rue Baudelocque
80039, Amiens Cédex, France
- Faculté
des Sciences de Bizerte, Laboratoire d’Application de la Chimie
aux Ressources et Substances Naturelles et à l’Environnement
(LACReSNE) Unité “Interactions Moléculaires Spécifiques”, Université de Carthage, Zarzouna-Bizerte, Tunis TN 7021,Tunisie
| | - Rym Abidi
- Faculté
des Sciences de Bizerte, Laboratoire d’Application de la Chimie
aux Ressources et Substances Naturelles et à l’Environnement
(LACReSNE) Unité “Interactions Moléculaires Spécifiques”, Université de Carthage, Zarzouna-Bizerte, Tunis TN 7021,Tunisie
| | - Julien Garcia
- Laboratoire
de Glycochimie, des Antimicrobiens et des Agroressources (LG2A-FRE3517
CNRS), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 10 Rue Baudelocque
80039, Amiens Cédex, France
| | - Aloysius Siriwardena
- Laboratoire
de Glycochimie, des Antimicrobiens et des Agroressources (LG2A-FRE3517
CNRS), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 10 Rue Baudelocque
80039, Amiens Cédex, France
| | - Mohammed Benazza
- Laboratoire
de Glycochimie, des Antimicrobiens et des Agroressources (LG2A-FRE3517
CNRS), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 10 Rue Baudelocque
80039, Amiens Cédex, France
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4
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Zhao BL, Liu L, Du DM. Chiral Squaramide-Catalyzed Sulfa-Michael/Aldol Cascade for the Asymmetric Synthesis of Spirocyclic Tetrahydrothiophene Chromanone Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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5
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Theoretical investigation of conformational stabilities and 13C NMR chemical shifts of a seven-membered ring thiosugar, (3R,4R,5R,7S)-7-(hydroxymethyl)thiepane-3,4,5-triol. J Mol Struct 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2014.03.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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6
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Li J, Lowary TL. Sulfonium ions as inhibitors of the mycobacterial galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2. MEDCHEMCOMM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4md00067f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The mycobacterial cell wall possesses a core galactan moiety composed of approximately 30 galactofuranosyl residues attached via alternating β-(1→5) and β-(1→6) linkages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Alberta Glycomics Centre and Department of Chemistry
- The University of Alberta
- Gunning–Lemieux Chemistry Centre
- Edmonton
- Canada
| | - Todd L. Lowary
- Alberta Glycomics Centre and Department of Chemistry
- The University of Alberta
- Gunning–Lemieux Chemistry Centre
- Edmonton
- Canada
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7
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Domino reactions in water for the stereoselective synthesis of novel spiro dihydro-2′H-[indene-2,3′-thiophen]-1(3H)-ones with three contiguous stereocenters. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.09.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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8
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9
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Atta AK, Pathak T. A General and Diastereoselective Route to Five-Membered Carbocycles and Heterocycles from Acyclic Vinyl Sulfone-Modified Carbohydrates. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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10
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Benazza M, Kanso R, Demailly G. Versatile syntheses of mono- or bis-allylhalothiol-carbonates of some alditol or sugar derivatives via cyclic thionocarbonates as intermediates. Carbohydr Res 2010; 345:346-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2009.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2009] [Revised: 11/08/2009] [Accepted: 11/17/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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11
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Wardrop DJ, Waidyarachchi SL. Synthesis and biological activity of naturally occurring α-glucosidase inhibitors. Nat Prod Rep 2010; 27:1431-68. [DOI: 10.1039/b914958a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Elâ
Blidi L, Assaf Z, Campsâ
Bres F, Veschambre H, Théry V, Bolte J, Lemaire M. Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphate Aldolase-Mediated Synthesis of Aminocyclitols (Analogues of Valiolamine) and their Evaluation as Glycosidase Inhibitors. ChemCatChem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.200900151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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13
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Baumann D, Bennis K, Ripoche I, Théry V, Troin Y. Synthesis and Glycosidase Inhibitory Study of New Polyhydroxylated Indolizidines. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200800684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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14
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Alcaide B, Almendros P, Martínez del Campo T. Highly Stereoselective Metal-Mediated Entry to Functionalized Tetrahydrothiophenes by Barbier-Type Carbonyl-Addition Reactions. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200800067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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15
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Choubdar N, Bhat RG, Stubbs KA, Yuzwa S, Pinto BM. Synthesis of 2-amido, 2-amino, and 2-azido derivatives of the nitrogen analogue of the naturally occurring glycosidase inhibitor salacinol and their inhibitory activities against O-GlcNAcase and NagZ enzymes. Carbohydr Res 2008; 343:1766-77. [PMID: 18358456 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2008.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2008] [Revised: 02/28/2008] [Accepted: 02/29/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Seven 2-substituted derivatives of the nitrogen analogue of salacinol, a naturally occurring glycosidase inhibitor, were synthesized for structure-activity studies with hexosaminidase enzymes. The target zwitterionic compounds were synthesized by means of nucleophilic attack of the 2-azido-1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-D-arabinitol at the least hindered carbon atom of 2,4-O-benzylidene-L-erythritol-1,3-cyclic sulfate. Hydrogenation of the azido zwitterionic compound in methanol resulted in the reduction of the azide and subsequent methylation of the resulting amine in one pot. A similar reaction, with ethanol as the solvent, gave the N-ethyl derivative. The 2-amino analogues were finally obtained by the reduction of the azide function using triphenylphosphine. Acylation of the amine using acetic, propionic, or valeric anhydride afforded the corresponding 2-amido derivatives. Deprotection of the acylated, coupled products using 80% trifluoroacetic acid proceeded smoothly. Unlike their sulfonium ion counterparts, these compounds were stable and did not undergo ring opening. We also report the synthesis of the parent nitrogen heterocycles, N-Boc-1,2,4-trideoxy-2-amino-1,4-imino-D-arabinitol, and 1,2,4-trideoxy-2-acetamido-1,4-imino-D-arabinitol and its corresponding N-Boc protected compound. The 2-substituted analogues and the parent iminoalditol showed marginal activity (<33% at 250 microM) against human O-GlcNAcase and Vibrio cholerae NagZ enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Choubdar
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
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16
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Mohan S, Pinto BM. Zwitterionic glycosidase inhibitors: salacinol and related analogues. Carbohydr Res 2007; 342:1551-80. [PMID: 17559821 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2007.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2007] [Revised: 05/01/2007] [Accepted: 05/08/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Natural products with interesting biological properties and structural diversity have often served as valuable lead drug candidates for the treatment of human diseases. Salacinol, a naturally occurring alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, was shown to be one of the active principles of the aqueous extract of a medicinal plant that has been prescribed traditionally as an Ayurvedic treatment for type II diabetes. Salacinol contains an intriguing zwitterionic sulfonium-sulfate structure that comprises a 1,4-anhydro-4-thio-D-arabinitol core and a polyhydroxylated acyclic chain. Due to the unique structural features and its potential to become a lead drug candidate in the treatment of type II diabetes, a great deal of attention has been focused on salacinol and its analogues. Since the isolation of salacinol, several papers describing various synthetic routes to salacinol and its analogues have appeared in the literature. This review is aimed at highlighting the synthetic aspects of salacinol and related compounds as well as their structure-activity relationship studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankar Mohan
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
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17
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Liu H, Nasi R, Jayakanthan K, Sim L, Heipel H, Rose DR, Pinto BM. New Synthetic Routes to Chain-Extended Selenium, Sulfur, and Nitrogen Analogues of the Naturally Occurring Glucosidase Inhibitor Salacinol and their Inhibitory Activities against Recombinant Human Maltase Glucoamylase. J Org Chem 2007; 72:6562-72. [PMID: 17658854 DOI: 10.1021/jo071045m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Six heteroanalogues (X = S, Se, NH) of the naturally occurring glucosidase inhibitor salacinol, containing polyhydroxylated, acyclic chains of 6-carbons, were synthesized for structure-activity studies with different glycosidase enzymes. The target zwitterionic compounds were synthesized by means of nucleophilic attack of the PMB-protected 1,4-anhydro-4-seleno-, 1,4-anhydro-4-thio-, and 1,4-anhydro-4-imino-D-arabinitols at the least hindered carbon atom of 1,3-cyclic sulfates. These 1,3-cyclic sulfates were derived from D-glucose and D-galactose, and significantly, they utilized butane diacetal as the protecting groups for the trans 2,3-diequatorial positions. Deprotection of the coupled products proceeded smoothly, unlike in previous attempts with different protecting groups, and afforded the target selenonium, sulfonium, and ammonium sulfates with different stereochemistry at the stereogenic centers. The four new heterosubstituted compounds (X = Se, NH) inhibited recombinant human maltase glucoamylase (MGA), one of the key intestinal enzymes involved in the breakdown of glucose oligosaccharides in the small intestine. The two selenium derivatives each had Ki values of 0.10 microM, giving the most active compounds to date in this general series of zwitterionic glycosidase inhibitors. The two nitrogen compounds also inhibited MGA but were less active, with Ki values of 0.8 and 35 microM. The compounds in which X = S showed Ki values of 0.25 and 0.17 microM. Comparison of these data with those reported previously for related compounds reinforces the requirements for an effective inhibitor of MGA. With respect to chain extension, the configurations at C-2' and C-4' are critical for activity, the configuration at C-3', bearing the sulfate moiety, being unimportant. It would also appear that the configuration at C-5' is important but the relationship is dependent on the heteroatom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
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18
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Boutefnouchet S, Moldvai I, Gács-Baitz E, Bello C, Vogel P. Synthesis and Glycosidase Inhibitory Activities of Pyrrolidines and Piperidines withN-(Polyhydroxyalkyl) Side Chains. European J Org Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200700027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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19
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Convenient ‘one-pot’ synthesis of 3,4-substituted tetrahydrothiophenes through tandem Michael–Henry and Michael–Michael reactions. Tetrahedron Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.09.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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20
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Gu G, Liu H, Pinto BM. Facile synthesis of sulfonium ion derivatives of 1,5-anhydro-5-thio-l-fucitol as potential α-l-fucosidase inhibitors. Carbohydr Res 2006; 341:2478-86. [PMID: 16930571 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2006.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2006] [Revised: 07/31/2006] [Accepted: 08/02/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Five sulfonium ion derivatives with 1,5-anhydro-5-thio-L-fucitol as a core structure were efficiently synthesized as potential alpha-L-fucosidase inhibitors. The key unit, the tri-O-benzyl derivative of L-fucitol, was readily synthesized from methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside. Alkylation with methyl iodide or 5-methoxycarbonyl-1-pentyl iodide in acetonitrile containing AgBF4 afforded the corresponding alkylated sulfonium tetrafluoroborates. Alternatively, ring opening of three 1,3-cyclic sulfates in 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP) containing K2CO3 afforded the corresponding zwitterionic sulfonium sulfates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofeng Gu
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
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21
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Kumar NS, Pinto BM. Synthesis of a sulfonium ion analogue of the glycosidase inhibitor swainsonine. J Org Chem 2006; 71:1262-4. [PMID: 16438551 DOI: 10.1021/jo052111s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a bicyclic sulfonium ion analogue of a naturally occurring indolizidine alkaloid, swainsonine, in which the bridgehead nitrogen atom is replaced by a sulfonium ion, has been achieved by a multistep synthesis starting from (2S,3S,4R)-2,3-dibenzyloxy-4-formaldehyde-thiolane. The synthetic strategy relies on the intramolecular displacement of a leaving group on a pendant acyclic chain by a cyclic thioether. This bicyclic sulfonium salt provides a candidate with which to further probe the hypothesis that a sulfonium salt carrying a permanent positive charge would be an effective glycosidase inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nag S Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
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22
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Passacantilli P, Centore C, Ciliberti E, Leonelli F, Piancatelli G. A Highly Efficient and Stereocontrolled Synthesis of 2-Deoxy-1,5-thioanhydro-L-hexitols fromD-Glycals in a Tandem Nucleophilic Displacement Reaction. European J Org Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200600010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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23
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Choubdar N, Pinto BM. Attempted Synthesis of 2-Acetamido and 2-Amino Derivatives of Salacinol. Ring Opening Reactions. J Org Chem 2006; 71:4671-4. [PMID: 16749804 DOI: 10.1021/jo060167w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The attempted synthesis of the 2-acetamido and 2-amino derivatives of salacinol, a naturally occurring glycosidase inhibitor, is described. Reaction of the protected acetamidothioarabinitol unit with the cyclic sulfate derived from L-erythritol gave the corresponding sulfonium sulfate, which underwent ring opening to give an acyclic amido sulfate. The corresponding reaction of the protected azidothioarabinitol unit with the cyclic sulfate proceeded to give the sulfonium sulfate. However, upon reduction of the azido function to an amine it formed an acyclic ammonium sulfate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Choubdar
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada V5A 1S6
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Morita N, Krause N. The First Gold-Catalyzed CS Bond Formation: Cycloisomerization of α-Thioallenes to 2,5-Dihydrothiophenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:1897-9. [PMID: 16485310 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200503846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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25
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Morita N, Krause N. Erste goldkatalysierte C-S-Bindungsknüpfung: Cycloisomerisierung von α-Thioallenen zu 2,5-Dihydrothiophenen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200503846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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26
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Gallienne E, Gefflaut T, Bolte J, Lemaire M. Synthesis of New Nitrogen Analogues of Salacinol and Deoxynojirimycin and Their Evaluation as Glycosidase Inhibitors. J Org Chem 2006; 71:894-902. [PMID: 16438498 DOI: 10.1021/jo0517388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of two enantiomerically pure iminosugars, analogues of 1-L-deoxynojirimycin (l-DNJ) and 1-D-deoxymannojirimycin (DMJ), was achieved using cyclic sulfate substituted isoxazoline derivatives. The piperidine ring was formed via the reduction of an isoxazoline into an amine which underwent a spontaneous intramolecular cyclization by reaction with the cyclic sulfate moiety. The nucleophilic attack of these two trisubstituted piperidines and morpholine on L- and D-erythritol-1,3-cyclic sulfates gave six new nitrogen analogues of salacinol. The inhibitory properties of the synthesized salacinol analogues were evaluated on several commercial glycosidases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estelle Gallienne
- Laboratoire SEESIB, UMR 6504 CNRS, Université Blaise Pascal, 24 avenue des Landais, 63177 Aubière Cedex, France
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Muraoka O, Yoshikai K, Takahashi H, Minematsu T, Lu G, Tanabe G, Wang T, Matsuda H, Yoshikawa M. Synthesis and biological evaluation of deoxy salacinols, the role of polar substituents in the side chain on the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:500-9. [PMID: 16198577 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2005] [Revised: 08/13/2005] [Accepted: 08/16/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Three analogs (5, 6, and 7) lacking polar substituents in the side chain of a naturally occurring alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, salacinol (1a), were synthesized by the coupling reaction of a thiosugar, 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-epithio-D-arabinitol (3), with cyclic sulfates (8, 9, and 10), and their alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activities were examined. All these simpler analogs (5, 6, and 7) showed less inhibitory activity compared to 1a, and proved the importance of cooperative role of the polar substituents for the alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity. A practical synthetic route to 3 starting from D-xylose is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Muraoka
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kinki University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
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