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Sendid B, Cornu M, Cordier C, Bouckaert J, Colombel JF, Poulain D. From ASCA breakthrough in Crohn's disease and Candida albicans research to thirty years of investigations about their meaning in human health. Autoimmun Rev 2024; 23:103486. [PMID: 38040100 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2023.103486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA) are human antibodies that can be detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay involving a mannose polymer (mannan) extracted from the cell wall of the yeast S. cerevisiae. The ASCA test was developed in 1993 with the aim of differentiating the serological response in two forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The test, which is based on the detection of anti-oligomannosidic antibodies, has been extensively performed worldwide and there have been hundreds of publications on ASCA. The earlier studies concerned the initial diagnostic indications of ASCA and investigations then extended to many human diseases, generally in association with studies on intestinal microorganisms and the interaction of the micro-mycobiome with the immune system. The more information accumulates, the more the mystery of the meaning of ASCA deepens. Many fundamental questions remain unanswered. These questions concern the heterogeneity of ASCA, the mechanisms of their generation and persistence, the existence of self-antigens, and the relationship between ASCA and inflammation and autoimmunity. This review aims to discuss the gray areas concerning the origin of ASCA from an analysis of the literature. Structured around glycobiology and the mannosylated antigens of S. cerevisiae and Candida albicans, this review will address these questions and will try to clarify some lines of thought. The importance of the questions relating to the pathophysiological significance of ASCA goes far beyond IBD, even though these diseases remain the preferred models for their understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boualem Sendid
- INSERM U1285, CNRS UMR 8576, Glycobiology in Fungal Pathogenesis and Clinical Applications, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; Pôle de Biologie-Pathologie-Génétique, Institut de Microbiologie, Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Marjorie Cornu
- INSERM U1285, CNRS UMR 8576, Glycobiology in Fungal Pathogenesis and Clinical Applications, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; Pôle de Biologie-Pathologie-Génétique, Institut de Microbiologie, Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Camille Cordier
- INSERM U1285, CNRS UMR 8576, Glycobiology in Fungal Pathogenesis and Clinical Applications, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; Pôle de Biologie-Pathologie-Génétique, Institut de Microbiologie, Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Julie Bouckaert
- CNRS UMR 8576, Computational Molecular Systems Biology, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Jean Frederic Colombel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Daniel Poulain
- INSERM U1285, CNRS UMR 8576, Glycobiology in Fungal Pathogenesis and Clinical Applications, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
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Krylov VB, Kuznetsov AN, Polyanskaya AV, Tsarapaev PV, Yashunsky DV, Kushlinskii NE, Nifantiev NE. ASCA-related antibodies in the blood sera of healthy donors and patients with colorectal cancer: characterization with oligosaccharides related to Saccharomyces cerevisiae mannan. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1296828. [PMID: 38146532 PMCID: PMC10749338 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1296828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mannans are polysaccharide antigens expressed on the cell wall of different fungal species including Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida spp. These fungi are components of the normal intestinal microflora, and the presence of antibodies to fungal antigens is known to reflect the features of the patient's immune system. Thus, titers of IgG and IgA antibodies against Saccharomyces cerevisiae mannan (ASCA) are markers for clinical diagnostics of inflammatory bowel diseases. The complex organization and heterogeneity of cell-wall mannans may reduce the quality and reproducibility of ELISA results due to interference by different antigenic epitopes. In this research, we analyzed the levels of IgG antibodies in the sera of healthy donors and patients with colorectal cancer using an array of synthetic oligosaccharides related to distinct fragments of fungal mannan. This study aimed to establish the influence of oligosaccharide structure on their antigenicity. Variations in the structure of the previously established ASCA epitope (changing type of linkage, chain length, and the presence of branches) significantly modified the ability of ligands to bind to circulating antibodies in blood sera. The study showed that surface presentation density of the ligand critically affects the results of enzyme immunoassay. The transition from natural coating antigens to their corresponding synthetic mimetics with a defined structure opens new opportunities for improving existing ELISA test systems, as well as developing diagnostic kits with new properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim B. Krylov
- Laboratory of Synthetic Glycovaccines, N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anton N. Kuznetsov
- Laboratory of Synthetic Glycovaccines, N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alina V. Polyanskaya
- Laboratory of Synthetic Glycovaccines, N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel V. Tsarapaev
- Laboratory of Synthetic Glycovaccines, N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry V. Yashunsky
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay E. Kushlinskii
- N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay E. Nifantiev
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Solovev AS, Tsarapaev PV, Krylov VB, Yashunsky DV, Kushlinskii NE, Nifantiev NE. A repertoire of anti-mannan Candida albicans antibodies in the blood sera of healthy donors. Russ Chem Bull 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-023-3731-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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Dharuman S, Crich D. Determination of the Influence of Side-Chain Conformation on Glycosylation Selectivity using Conformationally Restricted Donors. Chemistry 2016; 22:4535-42. [PMID: 26880055 PMCID: PMC4792696 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201505019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of a series of conformationally locked mannopyranosyl thioglycosides in which the C6-O6 bond adopts either the gauche,gauche, gauche,trans, or trans,gauche conformation is described, and their influence on glycosylation stereoselectivity investigated. Two 4,6-O-benzylidene-protected mannosyl thioglycosides carrying axial or equatorial methyl groups at the 6-position were also synthesized and the selectivity of their glycosylation reactions studied to enable a distinction to be made between steric and stereoelectronic effects. The presence of an axial methoxy group at C6 in the bicyclic donor results in a decreased preference for formation of the β-mannoside, whereas an axial methyl group has little effect on selectivity. The result is rationalized in terms of through-space stabilization of a transient intermediate oxocarbenium ion by the axial methoxy group resulting in a higher degree of SN 1-like character in the glycosylation reaction. Comparisons are made with literature examples and exceptions are discussed in terms of pervading steric effects layered on top of the basic stereoelectronic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Dharuman
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - David Crich
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
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Adero PO, Furukawa T, Huang M, Mukherjee D, Retailleau P, Bohé L, Crich D. Cation Clock Reactions for the Determination of Relative Reaction Kinetics in Glycosylation Reactions: Applications to Gluco- and Mannopyranosyl Sulfoxide and Trichloroacetimidate Type Donors. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:10336-45. [PMID: 26207807 PMCID: PMC4545385 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b06126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The development of a cation clock method based on the intramolecular Sakurai reaction for probing the concentration dependence of the nucleophile in glycosylation reactions is described. The method is developed for the sulfoxide and trichloroacetimidate glycosylation protocols. The method reveals that O-glycosylation reactions have stronger concentration dependencies than C-glycosylation reactions consistent with a more associative, S(N)2-like character. For the 4,6-O-benzylidene-directed mannosylation reaction a significant difference in concentration dependence is found for the formation of the β- and α-anomers, suggesting a difference in mechanism and a rationale for the optimization of selectivity regardless of the type of donor employed. In the mannose series the cyclization reaction employed as clock results in the formation of cis and trans-fused oxabicyclo[4,4,0]decanes as products with the latter being strongly indicative of the involvement of a conformationally mobile transient glycosyl oxocarbenium ion. With identical protecting group arrays cyclization in the glucopyranose series is more rapid than in the mannopyranose manifold. The potential application of related clock reactions in other carbenium ion-based branches of organic synthesis is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip O. Adero
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Takayuki Furukawa
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Min Huang
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS-ICSN UPR2301, Université Paris-Sud, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Debaraj Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Pascal Retailleau
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS-ICSN UPR2301, Université Paris-Sud, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Luis Bohé
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS-ICSN UPR2301, Université Paris-Sud, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - David Crich
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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Chaudhury A, Maity SK, Ghosh R. Efficient routes toward the synthesis of the D-rhamno-trisaccharide related to the A-band polysaccharide of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Beilstein J Org Chem 2014; 10:1488-94. [PMID: 25161705 PMCID: PMC4142843 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.10.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work describes efficient avenues for the synthesis of the trisaccharide repeating unit [α-D-Rhap-(1→3)-α-D-Rhap-(1→3)-α-D-Rhap] associated with the A-band polysaccharide of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. One of the key steps involved 6-O-deoxygenation of either partially or fully acylated 4,6-O-benzylidene-1-thiomannopyranoside by radical-mediated redox rearrangement in high yields and regioselectivity. The D-rhamno-thioglycosides so obtained allowed efficient access to the trisaccharide target via stepwise glycosylation as well as a one-pot glycosylation protocol. In a different approach, a 4,6-O-benzylidene D-manno-trisaccharide derivative was synthesized, which upon global 6-O-deoxygenation followed by deprotection generated the target D-rhamno-trisaccharide. The application of the reported regioselective radical-mediated deoxygenation on 4,6-O-benzylidene D-manno thioglycoside (hitherto unexplored) has potential for ramification in the field of synthesis of oligosaccharides based on 6-deoxy hexoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aritra Chaudhury
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Sajal K Maity
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Rina Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, India
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Sanapala SR, Kulkarni SS. Chemical synthesis of asparagine-linked archaeal N-glycan from Methanothermus fervidus. Chemistry 2014; 20:3578-83. [PMID: 24616211 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 02/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Several N-linked glycoproteins have been identified in archaea and there is growing evidence that the N-glycan is involved in survival and functioning of archaea in extreme conditions. Chemical synthesis of the archaeal N-glycans represents a crucial step towards understanding the putative function of protein glycosylation in archaea. Herein the first total synthesis of the archaeal L-asparagine linked hexasaccharide from Methanothermus fervidus is reported using a highly convergent [3+3] glycosylation approach in high overall yields. The synthesis relies on efficient preparation of regioselectively protected thioglycoside building blocks for orthogonal glycosylations and late stage N-aspartylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Someswara Rao Sanapala
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076 (India)
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Boultadakis-Arapinis M, Prost E, Gandon V, Lemoine P, Turcaud S, Micouin L, Lecourt T. Carbene-Mediated Functionalization of the Anomeric CH Bond of Carbohydrates: Scope and Limitations. Chemistry 2013; 19:6052-66. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Patil PS, Lee CC, Huang YW, Zulueta MML, Hung SC. Regioselective and stereoselective benzylidene installation and one-pot protection of d-mannose. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:2605-12. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob40079d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Despras G, Robert R, Sendid B, Machez E, Poulain D, Mallet JM. Biotin sulfone tagged oligomannosides as immunogens for eliciting antibodies against specific mannan epitopes. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:1817-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2011] [Revised: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Experimental observations on the regioselectivity of glycosylation of a 4,6-diol system in the β-d-mannopyranosyl unit of a N-glycan pentasaccharide core structure. Carbohydr Res 2011; 346:1581-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2011.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2011] [Revised: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 05/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Cattiaux L, Sendid B, Collot M, Machez E, Poulain D, Mallet JM. Synthetic biotinylated tetra β(1→5) galactofuranoside for in vitro aspergillosis diagnosis. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 19:547-55. [PMID: 21129984 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.10.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Revised: 10/23/2010] [Accepted: 10/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a tetra β(1→5) galactofuranoside was achieved using a thioglycoside donor with a methyl tert-butyl phenyl thio leaving group. This tetrasaccharide was conjugated to biotin and validated as antigen with the monoclonal antibody used for clinical detection of Aspergillus fumigatus galactomannan on streptavidin-coated microplates. Then we have shown its ability to detect antibodies associated with A. fumigatus induced disease by using sera from patients with Allergic broncho-pulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) and correlated the results of antibody detection with those gained with a commercially available diagnostic test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Cattiaux
- UPMC-ENS-CNRS, Laboratoire de BioMolécules, UMR 7203, Fédération de Chimie Moléculaire FR 2769, Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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Vandewalle-El Khoury P, Colombel JF, Joossens S, Standaert-Vitse A, Collot M, Halfvarson J, Ayadi A, Landers CJ, Vermeire S, Rutgeerts P, Targan SR, Chamaillard M, Mallet JM, Sendid B, Poulain D. Detection of antisynthetic mannoside antibodies (ASigmaMA) reveals heterogeneity in the ASCA response of Crohn's disease patients and contributes to differential diagnosis, stratification, and prediction. Am J Gastroenterol 2008; 103:949-57. [PMID: 18047546 DOI: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01648.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Anti-S. cerevisiae mannan antibodies (ASCA) are human antibodies associated with Crohn's disease (CD) reacting with Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) mannan polymer. As mannan is a complex and variable repertoire of oligomannoses acting as epitopes, we chemically synthesized (Sigma) two major oligomannose epitopes, Man alpha-1,3 Man alpha-1,2 Man (SigmaMan3) and Man alpha-1,3 Man alpha-1,2 Man alpha-1,2 Man (SigmaMan4), and then explored how antisynthetic mannoside antibodies (ASigmaMA) compare with ASCA as markers of CD. METHODS The study involved different cohorts of CD and ulcerative colitis (UC) patients and healthy controls who had been studied previously in several medical centers in Europe, the United States, and North Africa to determine the clinical value of ASCA in terms of differential diagnosis, evolution of indeterminate colitis (IC), and serotype-phenotype correlations. The comparison of ASigmaMA and ASCA included a total of 1,365 subjects: 772 CD, 261 UC, 43 IC, and 289 controls. RESULTS The specificity of ASigmaMA was similar to that of ASCA (89% vs 93%), although the sensitivity was lower (38% vs 55%). Unexpectedly, 24% of the CD patients who were negative for ASCA and/or other CD-associated serologic markers were positive for ASigmaMA. ASigmaMA were associated with colonic involvement in CD (odds ratio [OR] 1.609, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.033-2.506, P = 0.03) and were 100% predictive of CD in patients with IC. CONCLUSIONS ASigmaMA reveal the heterogeneity of the antioligomannose antibody response in CD patients and increase the sensitivity of CD diagnosis when combined with ASCA. The subset of ASCA-negative CD patients diagnosed by ASigmaMA had preferentially a colonic involvement, which confirms the high predictive value of ASigmaMA for determining IC evolution toward CD.
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New thioglycoside derivatives for use in odourless synthesis of MUXF3 N-glycan fragments related to food allergens. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Hadrich I, Vandewalle P, Cheikhrouhou F, Makni F, Krichen MS, Sendid B, Standaert-Vitse A, Ayadi A, Poulain D. Ethnic and socio-cultural specificities in Tunisia have no impact on the prevalence of anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies in Crohn's disease patients, their relatives or associated clinical factors. Scand J Gastroenterol 2007; 42:717-25. [PMID: 17505994 DOI: 10.1080/00365520601083625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Western Europe and the USA, the presence of anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCAs) in Crohn's disease (CD) patients and their healthy relatives suggests that ASCAs may be influenced by genetic and/or environmental factors. OBJECTIVES To assess the prevalence of ASCAs in Tunisian patients with CD or ulcerative colitis (UC), and unaffected family members, in relation to clinical phenotype. Patients and methods. Seventy-seven patients (39 CD, 38 UC), 66 healthy relatives of CD patients, 16 relatives of UC patients and 70 healthy controls were studied. ASCAs were quantified with a new isotype-specific ELISA test involving an antigenic extract from S. cerevisiae strain W303 and by the original test which detects total immunoglobulins against S. cerevisiae Su1 mannan. RESULTS The specificity of the two tests was identical (91%). The isotype-specific ASCA W303 test was more sensitive than the ASCA Su1 test for immunoglobulin detection, but some CD patients were positive only with this latter test. A high percentage of patients with CD (72%) and their unaffected family members (35%) were ASCA-positive in contrast to UC patients (16%) and their relatives (0%) and controls (8.6%). ASCAs were shown to be independent of rural or urban living, disease activity, but were associated with ileal location. The antigen of S. cerevisiae strain W303 discriminated patients depending on age at onset or location of the disease. CONCLUSION This study confirms the antigenic heterogeneity of S. cerevisiae strains in their ability to detect ASCA. It suggests that ASCAs are markers of immunoregulatory disturbance in CD, independently of ethnic/cultural differences between Europe, the USA and North Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Hadrich
- Laboratory of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Tunisia
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Standaert-Vitse A, Jouault T, Vandewalle P, Mille C, Seddik M, Sendid B, Mallet JM, Colombel JF, Poulain D. Candida albicans is an immunogen for anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody markers of Crohn's disease. Gastroenterology 2006; 130:1764-75. [PMID: 16697740 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2006.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2005] [Accepted: 01/25/2006] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Antibodies directed against oligomannose sequences alpha-1,3 Man (alpha-1,2 Man alpha-1,2 Man)(n) (n = 1 or 2), termed anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCAs) are markers of Crohn's disease (CD). S. cerevisiae mannan, which expresses these haptens, is used to detect ASCA, but the exact immunogen for ASCA is unknown. Structural and genetic studies have shown that Candida albicans produces mannosyltransferase enzymes that can synthesize S cerevisiae oligomannose sequences depending on growth conditions. This study investigated whether C. albicans could act as an immunogen for ASCA. METHODS Sequential sera were collected from patients with CD, systemic candidiasis, and rabbits infected with C. albicans. Antibodies were purified by using chemically synthesized (Sigma) ASCA major epitopes. These affinity-purified antibodies and lectins were then used to analyze the expression of ASCA epitopes on molecular extracts and cell walls of C. albicans and S cerevisiae grown in various conditions. RESULTS In humans and rabbits, generation of ASCA was shown to be associated with the generation of anti-C. albicans antibodies resulting specifically from infection. By using affinity-purified antibodies, C. albicans was shown to express ASCA epitopes on mannoproteins similar to those of S. cerevisiae. By changing the growth conditions, C. albicans mannan was also able to mimic S. cerevisiae mannan in its ability to detect ASCA associated with CD. This overexpression of ASCA epitopes was achieved when C. albicans grew in human tissues. CONCLUSIONS C. albicans is one of several immunogens for ASCA and may be at the origin of an aberrant immune response in CD.
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Current awareness on yeast. Yeast 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.1172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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