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Abstract
This review deals with the synthesis of naturally occurring alkaloids containing partially or completely saturated pyrimidine nuclei. The interest in these compounds is associated with their structural diversity, high biological activity and toxicity. The review is divided into four parts, each of which describes a number of synthetic methodologies toward structurally different naturally occurring alkaloids containing saturated cyclic six-membered amidine, guanidine, aminal and urea (thiourea) moieties, respectively. The development of various synthetic strategies for the preparation of these compounds has remarkably increased during the past few decades. This is primarily due to the fact that some of these compounds are isolated only in limited quantities, which makes it practically impossible to study their full structural characteristics and biological activity.
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Kapustina II, Makarieva TN, Guzii AG, Kalinovsky AI, Popov RS, Dyshlovoy SA, Grebnev BB, von Amsberg G, Stonik VA. Leptogorgins A-C, Humulane Sesquiterpenoids from the Vietnamese Gorgonian Leptogorgia sp. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18060310. [PMID: 32545757 PMCID: PMC7344390 DOI: 10.3390/md18060310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptogorgins A-C (1-3), new humulane sesquiterpenoids, and leptogorgoid A (4), a new dihydroxyketosteroid, were isolated from the gorgonian Leptogorgia sp. collected from the South China Sea. The structures were established using MS and NMR data. The absolute configuration of 1 was confirmed by a modification of Mosher's method. Configurations of double bonds followed from NMR data, including NOE correlations. This is the first report of humulane-type sesquiterpenoids from marine invertebrates. Sesquiterpenoids leptogorgins A (1) and B (2) exhibited a moderate cytotoxicity and some selectivity against human drug-resistant prostate cancer cells 22Rv1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina I. Kapustina
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. 100-let Vladivostoku 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (I.I.K.); (A.G.G.); (A.I.K.); (R.S.P.); (S.A.D.); (B.B.G.); (V.A.S.)
| | - Tatyana N. Makarieva
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. 100-let Vladivostoku 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (I.I.K.); (A.G.G.); (A.I.K.); (R.S.P.); (S.A.D.); (B.B.G.); (V.A.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-950-295-66-25
| | - Alla G. Guzii
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. 100-let Vladivostoku 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (I.I.K.); (A.G.G.); (A.I.K.); (R.S.P.); (S.A.D.); (B.B.G.); (V.A.S.)
| | - Anatoly I. Kalinovsky
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. 100-let Vladivostoku 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (I.I.K.); (A.G.G.); (A.I.K.); (R.S.P.); (S.A.D.); (B.B.G.); (V.A.S.)
| | - Roman S. Popov
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. 100-let Vladivostoku 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (I.I.K.); (A.G.G.); (A.I.K.); (R.S.P.); (S.A.D.); (B.B.G.); (V.A.S.)
| | - Sergey A. Dyshlovoy
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. 100-let Vladivostoku 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (I.I.K.); (A.G.G.); (A.I.K.); (R.S.P.); (S.A.D.); (B.B.G.); (V.A.S.)
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumorzentrum, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany;
- Martini-Klinik, Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Boris B. Grebnev
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. 100-let Vladivostoku 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (I.I.K.); (A.G.G.); (A.I.K.); (R.S.P.); (S.A.D.); (B.B.G.); (V.A.S.)
| | - Gunhild von Amsberg
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumorzentrum, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany;
- Martini-Klinik, Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Valentin A. Stonik
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. 100-let Vladivostoku 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (I.I.K.); (A.G.G.); (A.I.K.); (R.S.P.); (S.A.D.); (B.B.G.); (V.A.S.)
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3
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Screening for Small Molecule Modulators of Trypanosoma brucei Hsp70 Chaperone Activity Based upon Alcyonarian Coral-Derived Natural Products. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18020081. [PMID: 32012664 PMCID: PMC7074166 DOI: 10.3390/md18020081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Trypanosoma brucei Hsp70/J-protein machinery plays an essential role in survival, differentiation, and pathogenesis of the protozoan parasite, and is an emerging target against African Trypanosomiasis. This study evaluated a set of small molecules, inspired by the malonganenones and nuttingins, as modulators of the chaperone activity of the cytosolic heat inducible T. brucei Hsp70 and constitutive TbHsp70.4 proteins. The compounds were assessed for cytotoxicity on both the bloodstream form of T. b. brucei parasites and a mammalian cell line. The compounds were then investigated for their modulatory effect on the aggregation suppression and ATPase activities of the TbHsp70 proteins. A structure-activity relationship for the malonganenone-class of alkaloids is proposed based upon these results.
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4
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Lee SR, Yi SA, Nam KH, Park JG, Hwang JS, Lee J, Kim KH. (±)-Kituramides A and B, pairs of enantiomeric dopamine dimers from the two-spotted cricket Gryllus bimaculatus. Bioorg Chem 2019; 95:103554. [PMID: 31911304 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Two-spotted cricket Gryllus bimaculatus is one of many cricket species, and it is widely used as a food source for insectivorous animals. Moreover, this species is one of the edible insects approved by the Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). (±)-Kituramides A (1) and B (2), which are pairs of novel enantiomeric dopamine dimers possessing a formamide group, were isolated from the two-spotted cricket, together with four other known biosynthetically related compounds (3-6). The chemical structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated using a combination of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic experiments and HR-ESIMS data. Compounds 1 and 2 were identified as racemic mixtures; the enantiomers (+)-1/2 and (-)-1/2 were successfully separated by utilizing a chiral HPLC column. The absolute configurations of (±)-1 and (±)-2 were unambiguously delineated by the application of quantum chemical ECD calculations. Further, these insect-derived substances were evaluated to understand their effects on cytokine expression in adipocytes. Treatment with (-)-1, (+)-2, and (-)-2 during adipocyte differentiation significantly promoted the expression of Leptin and IL-6, which resembles the actions of dopamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoung Rak Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ah Yi
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hong Nam
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Gyu Park
- Advanced Bio Convergence Center, Pohang Technopark Foundation, Pohang 37668, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sam Hwang
- Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 565851, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaecheol Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Samorì C, Costantini F, Galletti P, Tagliavini E, Abbiati M. Inter- and Intraspecific Variability of Nitrogenated Compounds in Gorgonian Corals via Application of a Fast One-Step Analytical Protocol. Chem Biodivers 2018; 15. [PMID: 29164812 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201700449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Gorgonian corals play a structural role in temperate and tropical biogenic reefs, forming animal forests and creating biodiversity hot spots. In the Mediterranean Sea, slow-growing and long-lived gorgonian species are threatened by human disturbances and global environmental changes and concern about their conservation is rising. Alkaloid metabolites have proven to be essential in protecting these species from environmental stressors. Traditional profiling methodologies to detect these metabolites require a large quantity of living tissue. Here, the chemodiversity of gorgonian alkaloids was investigated by applying a fast and effective protocol combining extraction and derivatization using small-scale tissue samples and GC/MS analysis. The method was effective in identifying and quantifying alkaloids and guanine-based compounds. Eight N-heterocyclic compounds were found in six Mediterranean gorgonians differing for types and quantity. The metabolomic profile was conservative in species of the Eunicella genus, with three species sharing the same pattern. Conversely, Paramuricea clavata displayed a noticeable spatial pattern of variation among colonies collected in different locations. The analytical approach presented here proved to be effective, allowing rare, endangered, and small-sized species to be screened rapidly for detection of new compounds in order to explore their biological and ecological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Samorì
- Dipartimento di Chimica 'Giacomo Ciamician', Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per le Scienze Ambientali (CIRSA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Costantini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche ed Ambientali (BiGeA), Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per le Scienze Ambientali (CIRSA), University of Bologna, Via Sant'Alberto 163, 48123, Ravenna, Italy.,CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio, 9, 00196, Roma, Italy
| | - Paola Galletti
- Dipartimento di Chimica 'Giacomo Ciamician', Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per le Scienze Ambientali (CIRSA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Emilio Tagliavini
- Dipartimento di Chimica 'Giacomo Ciamician', Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per le Scienze Ambientali (CIRSA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Abbiati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche ed Ambientali (BiGeA), Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per le Scienze Ambientali (CIRSA), University of Bologna, Via Sant'Alberto 163, 48123, Ravenna, Italy.,CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio, 9, 00196, Roma, Italy.,Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze Marine (ISMAR), Via Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
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6
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García PA, Valles E, Díez D, Castro MÁ. Marine Alkylpurines: A Promising Group of Bioactive Marine Natural Products. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16010006. [PMID: 29301246 PMCID: PMC5793054 DOI: 10.3390/md16010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine secondary metabolites with a purine motif in their structure are presented in this review. The alkylpurines are grouped according to the size of the alkyl substituents and their location on the purine ring. Aspects related to the marine source, chemical structure and biological properties are considered together with synthetic approaches towards the natural products and bioactive analogues. This review contributes to studies of structure–activity relationships for these metabolites and highlights the potential of the sea as a source of new lead compounds in diverse therapeutic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo A García
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, Pharmacy Faculty, CIETUS, IBSAL, University of Salamanca, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Elena Valles
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, Pharmacy Faculty, CIETUS, IBSAL, University of Salamanca, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - David Díez
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Salamanca, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - María-Ángeles Castro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, Pharmacy Faculty, CIETUS, IBSAL, University of Salamanca, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain.
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Chamgordani EJ, Paulsen J, Gundersen LL. Selective N-7 alkylation of 3-methylhypoxanthine; the first synthesis of malonganenone J. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.09.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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Emsermann J, Kauhl U, Opatz T. Marine Isonitriles and Their Related Compounds. Mar Drugs 2016; 14:16. [PMID: 26784208 PMCID: PMC4728513 DOI: 10.3390/md14010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine isonitriles represent the largest group of natural products carrying the remarkable isocyanide moiety. Together with marine isothiocyanates and formamides, which originate from the same biosynthetic pathways, they offer diverse biological activities and in spite of their exotic nature they may constitute potential lead structures for pharmaceutical development. Among other biological activities, several marine isonitriles show antimalarial, antitubercular, antifouling and antiplasmodial effects. In contrast to terrestrial isonitriles, which are mostly derived from α-amino acids, the vast majority of marine representatives are of terpenoid origin. An overview of all known marine isonitriles and their congeners will be given and their biological and chemical aspects will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Emsermann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Ulrich Kauhl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Till Opatz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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Leutou AS, Yang I, Kang H, Seo EK, Nam SJ, Fenical W. Nocarimidazoles A and B from a Marine-Derived Actinomycete of the Genus Nocardiopsis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:2846-9. [PMID: 26474119 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Chemical investigation of a marine-derived actinomycete isolated from marine sediments collected off the coast of southern California and identified as a Nocardiopsis sp. (strain CNQ115) led to the isolation of two new 4-aminoimidazole alkaloids, nocarimidazoles A (1) and B (2). The chemical structures of nocarimidazoles A and B were assigned by interpretation of NMR spectroscopic data and through methylation to yield monomethyl and dimethyl derivatives. Nocarimidazoles A and B possess a 4-aminoimidazole ring combined with a conjugated carbonyl side chain, which is rarely found in microbial secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - William Fenical
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093-0204, United States
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10
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Wen H, Li Y, Liu X, Ye W, Yao X, Che Y. Fusagerins A-F, New Alkaloids from the Fungus Fusarium sp. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2015; 5:195-203. [PMID: 26329590 PMCID: PMC4567992 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-015-0067-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Fusagerins A-F (1-6), six new alkaloids including a unique one with the rare a-(N-formyl)carboxamide moiety (1), a hydantoin (imidazolidin-2,4-dione) derivative (2), and four fungerin analogues (3-6), were isolated from the crude extract of the fungus Fusarium sp., together with the known compound fungerin (7). Compound 2 was isolated as a racemate and further separated into two enantiomers on a chiral HPLC column. The structures of 1-6 were determined mainly by NMR experiments, and the absolute configuration of 1 and 2 was assigned by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compound 7 showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae, and weak cytotoxicity against the T24 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology & Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingzhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Wencai Ye
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinsheng Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yongsheng Che
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology & Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Polyoxygenated steroids from the octocoral Leptogorgia punicea and in vitro evaluation of their cytotoxic activity. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:5864-80. [PMID: 25486111 PMCID: PMC4278206 DOI: 10.3390/md12125864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Five new polyoxygenated marine steroids-punicinols A-E (1-5)-were isolated from the gorgonian Leptogorgia punicea and characterized by spectroscopic methods (IR, MS, 1H, 13C and 2-D NMR). The five compounds induced in vitro cytotoxic effects against lung cancer A549 cells, while punicinols A and B were the most active, with IC50 values of 9.7 μM and 9.6 μM, respectively. The synergistic effects of these compounds with paclitaxel, as well as their effects on cell cycle distribution and their performance in the clonogenic assay, were also evaluated. Both compounds demonstrated significant synergistic effects with paclitaxel.
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12
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Abstract
This review covers the literature published in 2012 for marine natural products, with 1035 citations (673 for the period January to December 2012) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green, brown and red algae, sponges, cnidarians, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates, echinoderms, mangroves and other intertidal plants and microorganisms. The emphasis is on new compounds (1241 for 2012), together with the relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that lead to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Blunt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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13
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Sun ZH, Cai YH, Fan CQ, Tang GH, Luo HB, Yin S. Six new tetraprenylated alkaloids from the South China Sea gorgonian Echinogorgia pseudossapo. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:672-81. [PMID: 24473168 PMCID: PMC3944508 DOI: 10.3390/md12020672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Six new tetraprenylated alkaloids, designated as malonganenones L–Q (1–6), were isolated from the gorgonian Echinogorgia pseudossapo, collected in Daya Bay of Guangdong Province, China. The structures of 1–6 featuring a methyl group at N-3 and a tetraprenyl chain at N-7 in the hypoxanthine core were established by extensive spectroscopic analyses. Compounds 1–6 were tested for their inhibitory activity against the phosphodiesterases (PDEs)-4D, 5A, and 9A, and compounds 1 and 6 exhibited moderate inhibitory activity against PDE4D with IC50 values of 8.5 and 20.3 µM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang-Hua Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Ying-Hong Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Cheng-Qi Fan
- East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China.
| | - Gui-Hua Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Hai-Bin Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Sheng Yin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
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14
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Gao C, Yi X, Huang R, Yan F, He B, Chen B. Alkaloids from Corals. Chem Biodivers 2013; 10:1435-47. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201100276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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15
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Zhang JR, Li PL, Tang XL, Qi X, Li GQ. Cytotoxic Tetraprenylated Alkaloids from the South China Sea GorgonianEuplexaura robusta. Chem Biodivers 2012; 9:2218-24. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201100374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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16
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Clark PGK, Lein M, Keyzers RA. Studies of the H-D exchange mechanism of malonganenone B. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:1725-9. [PMID: 22246312 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob06926a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Malonganenone B (1) exhibits an unusual H-D exchange of a formyl proton when in deuteric-NMR solvents. Synthetic and kinetic investigations were made to probe the mechanism of this exchange, which appears to occur via an uncommon and transient amine-amide NHC intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter G K Clark
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington, 6140, New Zealand
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17
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Sunassee SN, Davies-Coleman MT. Cytotoxic and antioxidant marine prenylated quinones and hydroquinones. Nat Prod Rep 2012; 29:513-35. [DOI: 10.1039/c2np00086e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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18
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Bioactive Compounds from Marine Gorgonian Corals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-59530-0.00012-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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19
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Cockburn IL, Pesce ER, Pryzborski JM, Davies-Coleman MT, Clark PG, Keyzers RA, Stephens LL, Blatch GL. Screening for small molecule modulators of Hsp70 chaperone activity using protein aggregation suppression assays: inhibition of the plasmodial chaperone PfHsp70-1. Biol Chem 2011; 392:431-8. [DOI: 10.1515/bc.2011.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum heat shock protein 70 (PfHsp70-1) is thought to play an essential role in parasite survival and virulence in the human host, making it a potential antimalarial drug target. A malate dehydrogenase based aggregation suppression assay was adapted for the screening of small molecule modulators of Hsp70. A number of small molecules of natural (marine prenylated alkaloids and terrestrial plant naphthoquinones) and related synthetic origin were screened for their effects on the protein aggregation suppression activity of purified recombinant PfHsp70-1. Five compounds (malonganenone A-C, lapachol and bromo-β-lapachona) were found to inhibit the chaperone activity of PfHsp70-1 in a concentration dependent manner, with lapachol preferentially inhibiting PfHsp70-1 compared to another control Hsp70. Using growth inhibition assays on P. falciparum infected erythrocytes, all of the compounds, except for malonganenone B, were found to inhibit parasite growth with IC50 values in the low micromolar range. Overall, this study has identified two novel classes of small molecule inhibitors of PfHsp70-1, one representing a new class of antiplasmodial compounds (malonganenones). In addition to demonstrating the validity of PfHsp70-1 as a possible drug target, the compounds reported in this study will be potentially useful as molecular probes for fundamental studies on Hsp70 chaperone function.
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Kashman Y, Bishara A, Aknin M. Recent N-atom containing compounds from indo-pacific invertebrates. Mar Drugs 2010; 8:2810-36. [PMID: 21139846 PMCID: PMC2996178 DOI: 10.3390/md8112810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2010] [Revised: 11/03/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A large variety of unique N-atom containing compounds (alkaloids) without terrestrial counterparts, have been isolated from marine invertebrates, mainly sponges and ascidians. Many of these compounds display interesting biological activities. In this report we present studies on nitrogenous compounds, isolated by our group during the last few years, from Indo-Pacific sponges, one ascidian and one gorgonian. The major part of the review deals with metabolites from the Madagascar sponge Fascaplysinopsis sp., namely, four groups of secondary metabolites, the salarins, tulearins, taumycins and tausalarins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoel Kashman
- School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel.
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Abstract
Covering: 1995 to April 2008. Gorgonian corals continue to provide a wealth of novel structures, many of which exhibit potentially useful biological activity. Notably, the families Briareidae, Gorgoniidae and Plexauridae have been demonstrated to contain a wide variety of natural products including steroids, acetogenins, sesquiterpenes and diterpenes. The most common of the gorgonian natural products are the diterpenes, and the intent of this review is to describe such compounds isolated from gorgonian corals, with a focus on the structures of new compounds as well as their biological activity. There have been developments improving our understanding of the biosynthetic origin of selected diterpenes, and these will also be discussed. This review describes 602 new compounds from 177 articles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Berrue
- Department of Chemistry, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, C1A 4P3, Canada
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Ortega MJ, Zubía E, Sánchez MC, Carballo JL. Cembrane diterpenes from the gorgonian Leptogorgia laxa. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2008; 71:1637-1639. [PMID: 18698819 DOI: 10.1021/np8002639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The new cembrane diterpenes leptodienone A (2) and leptodienone B (3) and the known compounds lopholide, lophodiol B, lophodione, and lophotoxin (1) have been isolated from the gorgonian Leptogorgia laxa collected in the Gulf of California. The structures of the new metabolites have been established by spectroscopic techniques. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the new compounds has been tested against three human tumor cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- María J Ortega
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, Apartado 40, 11510-Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain
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Blunt JW, Copp BR, Hu WP, Munro MHG, Northcote PT, Prinsep MR. Marine natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2008; 25:35-94. [PMID: 18250897 DOI: 10.1039/b701534h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review covers the literature published in 2006 for marine natural products, with 758 citations (534 for the period January to December 2006) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green algae, brown algae, red algae, sponges, cnidaria, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates and echinoderms. The emphasis is on new compounds (779 for 2006), together with their relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that lead to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Blunt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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Sorek H, Rudi A, Benayahu Y, Ben-Califa N, Neumann D, Kashman Y. Nuttingins A-F and malonganenones D-H, tetraprenylated alkaloids from the Tanzanian gorgonian Euplexaura nuttingi. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2007; 70:1104-9. [PMID: 17571903 DOI: 10.1021/np060642l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Six new tetraprenylated purine alkaloids, designated nuttingins A-F (1-6), were isolated together with three known malonganenones, A-C (12-14), and five new closely related malonganenones, D-H (7-11), from the gorgonian Euplexaura nuttingi collected in Pemba Island, Tanzania. The structures of the compounds were elucidated by interpretation of 1D and 2D NMR data including 15N chemical shifts obtained from 1H-15N HMBC spectra. Nuttingins A-E (1-5) and malonganenones D-G (7-10) displayed inhibitory activity against both K562 and UT7 tumor cell lines, compounds 3-5 being the most active ones, approximately 3-fold more potent than the others. Compounds 1-5 and 7-11 also induce apoptosis in transformed mammalian cells at a concentration of 1.25 microg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagit Sorek
- School of Chemistry, Department of Zoology, and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel
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