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Interactions of porphyrins with DNA: A review focusing recent advances in chemical modifications on porphyrins as artificial nucleases. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 219:111434. [PMID: 33819802 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The advance of porphyrins as artificial nucleases along the years have developed a class of compounds having potential therapeutic applications. Being an extrovert of chemistry, a variety of chemical modifications have been done on porphyrin macrocycle in order to improve the spectroscopic properties and to adapt as artificial receptors that can recognize molecules. The last twenty years has witnessed broad research in the arena of porphyrin- DNA interactions and their evolution from simple to more complex entities. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in the porphyrin-based structural modifications, with a specific emphasis on various effects of porphyrin on DNA cleavage potency. We particularly detailed the nuclease activity of cationic and anionic porphyrins, porphyrin dimers and conjugates as well as heme proteins till the third generation porphyrins as artificial nucleases.
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Hurst AN, Scarbrough B, Saleh R, Hovey J, Ari F, Goyal S, Chi RJ, Troutman JM, Vivero-Escoto JL. Influence of Cationic meso-Substituted Porphyrins on the Antimicrobial Photodynamic Efficacy and Cell Membrane Interaction in Escherichia coli. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20010134. [PMID: 30609680 PMCID: PMC6337135 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) is a non-antibiotic option for the treatment of infectious diseases. Although Gram-positive bacteria have been shown to be highly susceptible to PDI, the inactivation of Gram-negative bacteria has been more challenging due to the impermeability properties of the outer membrane. In the present study, a series of photosensitizers which contain one to four positive charges (1–4) were used to evaluate the charge influence on the PDI of a Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli (E. coli), and their interaction with the cell membrane. The dose-response PDI results confirm the relevance of the number of positive charges on the porphyrin molecule in the PDI of E. coli. The difference between the Hill coefficients of cationic porphyrins with 1–3 positive charges and the tetra-cationic porphyrin (4) revealed potential variations in their mechanism of inactivation. Fluorescent live-cell microscopy studies showed that cationic porphyrins with 1–3 positive charges bind to the cell membrane of E. coli, but are not internalized. On the contrary, the tetra-cationic porphyrin (4) permeates through the membrane of the cells. The contrast in the interaction of cationic porphyrins with E. coli confirmed that they followed different mechanisms of inactivation. This work helps to have a better understanding of the structure-activity relationship in the efficiency of the PDI process of cationic porphyrins against Gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra N Hurst
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
- The Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
| | - Beth Scarbrough
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
- The Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
| | - Roa Saleh
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
| | - Jessica Hovey
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
| | - Farideh Ari
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
| | - Shreya Goyal
- The Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
| | - Richard J Chi
- The Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
| | - Jerry M Troutman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
- The Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
| | - Juan L Vivero-Escoto
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
- The Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
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Vekariya PA, Karia PS, Vaghasiya JV, Soni S, Suresh E, Patel MN. Evolution of rhodium(III) and iridium(III) chelates as metallonucleases. Polyhedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2016.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Vandresen CC, Gonçalves AG, Ducatti DRB, Murakami FS, Noseda MD, Duarte MER, Barreira SMW. In vitro photodynamic inactivation of conidia of the phytopathogenic fungus Colletotrichum graminicola with cationic porphyrins. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2016; 15:673-81. [PMID: 27109559 DOI: 10.1039/c5pp00372e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) is an efficient approach for the elimination of a series of microorganisms; however, PDI involving phytopathogenic filamentous fungi is scarce in the literature. In the present study, we have demonstrated the photoinactivating properties of five cationic meso-(1-methyl-4-pyridinio)porphyrins on conidia of the phytopathogen Colletotrichum graminicola. For this purpose, photophysical properties (photostability and (1)O2 singlet production) of the porphyrins under study were first evaluated. PDI assays were then performed with a fluence of 30, 60, 90 and 120 J cm(-2) and varying the porphyrin concentration from 1 to 25 μmol L(-1). Considering the lowest concentration that enabled the best photoinactivation, with the respective lowest effective irradiation time, the meso-(1-methyl-4-pyridinio)porphyrins herein studied could be ranked as follows: triple-charged 4 (1 μmol L(-1) with a fluence of 30 J cm(-2)) > double-charged-trans2 (1 μmol L(-1) with 60 J cm(-2)) > tetra-charged 5 (15 μmol L(-1) with 90 J cm(-2)) > mono-charged 1 (25 μmol L(-1) with 120 J cm(-2)). Double-charged-cis-porphyrin 3 inactivated C. graminicola conidia in the absence of light. Evaluation of the porphyrin binding to the conidia and fluorescence microscopic analysis were also performed, which were in agreement with the PDI results. In conclusion, the cationic porphyrins herein studied were considered efficient photosensitizers to inactivate C. graminicola conidia. The amount and position of positive charges are related to the compounds' amphiphilicity and therefore to their photodynamic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Chevonica Vandresen
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Av. Lothário Meissner, 3400, Jardim Botânico, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
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Xiong XL, Zhao N, Wang XM. Interaction between tryptophan-Sm(III) complex and DNA with the use of a acridine orange dye fluorophor probe. LUMINESCENCE 2015; 31:210-6. [PMID: 26016416 DOI: 10.1002/bio.2947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of the Trp-Sm(III) complex with herring sperm DNA (hs-DNA) was investigated with the use of acridine orange (AO) dye as a spectral probe for UV-vis spectrophotometry and fluorescence spectroscopy. The results showed that the both the Trp-Sm(III) complex and the AO molecule could intercalate into the double helix of the DNA. The Sm(III)-(Trp)3 complex was stabilized by intercalation into the DNA with binding constants: K(Ө)25°C = 7.14 × 10(5) L·mol(-1) and K(Ө) 37°C = 5.28 × 10(4) L·mol(-1), and it could displace the AO dye from the AO-DNA complex in a competitive reaction. Computation of the thermodynamic functions demonstrates that Δr Hm (Ө) is the primary driving power of the interaction between the Sm(III)(Trp)3 complex and the DNA. The results from Scatchard and viscometry methods suggested that the interaction mode between the Sm(III)(Trp)3 complex and the hs-DNA is groove binding and weak intercalation binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li Xiong
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610066, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Zhao
- Beijing City University Academic Affairs Office, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Ming Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Sichuan, Mianyang, 621010, People's Republic of China
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Mazzone G, Russo N, Sicilia E. Theoretical investigation of the absorption spectra and singlet-triplet energy gap of positively charged tetraphenylporphyrins as potential photodynamic therapy photosensitizers. CAN J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2012-0449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
DFT and TD-DFT calculations have been performed on a series of positively charged tetraphenylporphyrins with the aim to check whether these compounds can be used as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Absorption spectra and singlet-triplet energy gaps have been computed by using the BP86, PBE0, and ωB97XD exchange-correlation functionals. Polarizable continuum model (PCM) has been used to take into account solvent effects. A careful analysis has been made on the Q-band, localized in the near-red visible region of the spectrum, since it plays a fundamental role in the drug design of new photodynamic therapy photosensitizers. Our results show that all the examined molecules have an adsorption band that falls in the so-called therapeutic window and possess a singlet-triplet energy gap able to promote the excitation of molecular oxygen from its ground triplet to the excited singlet state. The use of the ωB97XD exchange correlation functional, which accounts for dispersion interactions, allows calculating excitation energy values close to the experimental values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Mazzone
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende, (CS) Italy
| | - Nino Russo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende, (CS) Italy
| | - Emilia Sicilia
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende, (CS) Italy
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Wu H, Pan G, Bai Y, Wang H, Kong J, Shi F, Zhang Y, Wang X. A Schiff base bis(N-salicylidene)-3-oxapentane-1,5-diamine and its yttrium(III) complex: synthesis, crystal structure, DNA-binding properties, and antioxidant activities. J COORD CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2013.812725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huilu Wu
- a School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University , Lanzhou , P.R. China
| | - Guolong Pan
- a School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University , Lanzhou , P.R. China
| | - Yuchen Bai
- a School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University , Lanzhou , P.R. China
| | - Hua Wang
- a School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University , Lanzhou , P.R. China
| | - Jin Kong
- a School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University , Lanzhou , P.R. China
| | - Furong Shi
- a School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University , Lanzhou , P.R. China
| | - Yanhui Zhang
- a School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University , Lanzhou , P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- a School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University , Lanzhou , P.R. China
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Xie YY, Jiang GB, Yao JH, Lin GJ, Huang HL, Wang XZ, Liu YJ. DNA-binding, antioxidant activity, and bioactivity studies of ruthenium(II) complexes containing amino substituents. J COORD CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2013.805214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Yin Xie
- a School of Pharmacy , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Guang-Bin Jiang
- a School of Pharmacy , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Jun-Hua Yao
- b Instrument Analysis and Research Center , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Gan-Jian Lin
- a School of Pharmacy , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Hong-Liang Huang
- c School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutical, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Zhen Wang
- a School of Pharmacy , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Yun-Jun Liu
- a School of Pharmacy , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
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Meso-Tetraarylporphyrins Bearing Nitro or Amino Groups: Synthetic Strategies and Reactivity Profiles. TOPICS IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/7081_2013_101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
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Kawakami K, Tsuda A. Brominated Methanes as Photoresponsive Molecular Storage of Elemental Br2. Chem Asian J 2012; 7:2240-52. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201200322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Revised: 04/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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11
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Liu JZ, Li J, Yang GM, Sun D, Lü XF, Duan MY, Luo Y, Yao GP, del Sole R, Vasapollo G. Synthesis and photodynamic activity of new meso-tetranaphthylporphyrins derivatives. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424610002549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The meso-tetranaphthylporphyrins (TNP) derivatives, 5-(2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde-4-naphthyleneimine)-10,15,20-trinaphthylporphyrin 3, 5-(salicylidene-4-naphthyleneamine)-10,15,20- trinaphthylporphyrin 4 and 5-(thiophene-2-carboxaldehyde-4-naphthyleneimine)-10,15,20-trinaphthylporphyrin 5, were synthesized by the reaction of 5-(4-aminonaphthyl)-l0,15,20-trinaphthylporphyrin 2 with different aldehydes. Their photodynamic activity against K562 cells were evaluated in vitro. They displayed low levels or no dark toxicity and high phototoxicity to K562 cells, especially for 5, which offers potential application in photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-zhou Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xian, Shaanxi 710069, P. R. China
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xian, Shaanxi 710069, P. R. China
| | - Gao-mai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xian, Shaanxi 710069, P. R. China
| | - Dan Sun
- Institute of Photonics & Phototechnology, Northwest University, Xian, Shaanxi 710069, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-fei Lü
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xian, Shaanxi 710069, P. R. China
| | - Ming-yue Duan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xian, Shaanxi 710069, P. R. China
| | - Yun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xian, Shaanxi 710069, P. R. China
| | - Gui-ping Yao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xian, Shaanxi 710069, P. R. China
| | - Roberta del Sole
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Innovazione, Università del Salento, Via Arnesano 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vasapollo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Innovazione, Università del Salento, Via Arnesano 73100 Lecce, Italy
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Ongarora BG, Hu X, Li H, Fronczek FR, Vicente MGH. Syntheses and properties of trimethylaminophenoxy-substituted Zn((II))-phthalocyanines. MEDCHEMCOMM 2012; 3:179-194. [PMID: 22308216 DOI: 10.1039/c1md00232e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The syntheses, photophysical properties and in vitro biological behavior of a series of nine Zn((II))-phthalocyanines (ZnPcs) bearing one to eight positively-charged trimethylaminophenoxy groups are reported. All ZnPcs are highly soluble in polar organic solvents, and show fluorescence and singlet oxygen quantum yields in the ranges 0.11-0.21 and 0.16-0.47, respectively. The cytotoxicity of the ZnPcs depends on both the number of charges and their site of substitution (α vs. β) on the Pc isoindole units; the most promising for PDT application are the α-substituted di-cationic ZnPcs 6a and 17a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benson G Ongarora
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
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Patel MN, Bhatt BS, Dosi PA. Spectroscopic Study of DNA Hydrolysis, DNA Intercalative, and Electrostatic Interaction Activity Exerted by Drug Based Coordination Compounds. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201100307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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14
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Khorasani-Motlagh M, Noroozifar M, Khmmarnia S. Study on fluorescence and DNA-binding of praseodymium(III) complex containing 2,2'-bipyridine. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2011; 78:389-395. [PMID: 21130681 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2010.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2010] [Revised: 09/28/2010] [Accepted: 10/23/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The fluorescence of praseodymium(III) complex containing 2,2'-bipyridine, [Pr(bpy)2Cl3·OH2] has been investigated in details. Also, the biological activity of [Pr(bpy)2Cl3·OH2] has been evaluated by examining its ability to bind to DNA with UV-vis, fluorescence as well as viscosity measurement. The fluorescence of [Pr(bpy)2Cl3·OH2] is strongly quenched through static mechanism in the presence of DNA. DNA intrinsic binding constant, Kb the binding site number, n the Stern-Volmer quenching constant, KSV and the thermodynamic parameters have been determined by fluorescence spectroscopy. For characterization of bonding mode, the effect of various experimental parameters were investigated on the interaction of [Pr(bpy)2Cl3·OH2] with DNA.
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Jensen TJ, H. Vicente MG, Luguya R, Norton J, Fronczek FR, Smith KM. Effect of overall charge and charge distribution on cellular uptake, distribution and phototoxicity of cationic porphyrins in HEp2 cells. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2010; 100:100-11. [PMID: 20558079 PMCID: PMC3161426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2010.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Revised: 04/26/2010] [Accepted: 05/15/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Five cationic porphyrins bearing one to four -N(CH(3))(3)(+) groups linked to the p-phenyl positions of 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) were synthesized in order to study the effect of overall charge and its distribution on the cellular uptake, phototoxicity and intracellular localization using human carcinoma HEp2 cells. The di-cationic porphyrins DADP-o and DADP-a accumulated the most within cells and preferentially localize within vesicular compartments and in mitochondria. Of these two only DADP-a was phototoxic to the cells (IC(50)=3 microM at 1 J/cm(2)). The mono-cationic porphyrin MAP was found to be the most phototoxic of the series, and it localized mainly in lipid membranes, including the plasma membrane, ER, mitochondria, and Golgi. Both the tri-cationic porphyrin TRAP and the tetra-cationic porphyrin TEAP localized subcellularly mainly in the mitochondria, but of the two only TEAP showed moderate phototoxicity (IC(50)=8 microM at 1 J/cm(2)). Our results suggest that MAP is the most promising PDT photosensitizer, and that both DADP-o and TRAP might find application as transport vehicles for therapeutics into cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J. Jensen
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge LA, 70803, USA
| | - M. Graça H. Vicente
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge LA, 70803, USA
| | - Raymond Luguya
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge LA, 70803, USA
| | - Jolanna Norton
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge LA, 70803, USA
| | - Frank R Fronczek
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge LA, 70803, USA
| | - Kevin M. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge LA, 70803, USA
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Li HG, Yang ZY, Wang BD, Wu JC. Synthesis, crystal structure, antioxidation and DNA-binding properties of the Ln complexes with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-hydroxypyrazole-4-carbaldhyde-(benzoyl)hydrazone. J Organomet Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2009.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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17
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Garcia G, Sarrazy V, Sol V, Morvan CL, Granet R, Alves S, Krausz P. DNA photocleavage by porphyrin–polyamine conjugates. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:767-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2008] [Revised: 11/13/2008] [Accepted: 11/15/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Wu L, Hu P, Xiao Y, Zhang M, Zhang L, Weng X, Wu X, Zhou X, Cao X. Synthesis and DNA-recognition and -cleavage properties of multiply charged porphyrin esters. Chem Biodivers 2008; 5:153-61. [PMID: 18205117 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200890005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A series of systematically modified porphyrin esters, compounds 1-6, with multiple, permanent positive charges introduced at the meso-positions via N-methylated 4-, 3-, or 2-pyridyl moieties, were prepared and characterized. Their singlet-oxygen production, CT-DNA-binding properties, and plasmid-DNA photocleavage propensities were determined spectroscopically and by gel electrophoresis, and compared to those of the known, fourfold-charged parent porphyrin 4,4',4'',4'''-porphyrin-5,10,15,20-tetrayltetrakis(1-methylpyridinium) (TMPyP4). Some interesting structure-activity relationships could be established to rationalize effects affecting DNA binding mode and cleavage ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Hubei, Wuhan 430072, PR of China
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Wu FY, Xie FY, Wu YM, Hong JI. Interaction of a New Fluorescent Probe with DNA and its Use in Determination of DNA. J Fluoresc 2007; 18:175-81. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-007-0261-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2007] [Accepted: 09/24/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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