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Xie JM, Leng Y, Cui XY, Min CG, Ren AM, Liu G, Yin Q. Theoretical Study on the Formation and Decomposition Mechanisms of Coelenterazine Dioxetanone. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:3804-3813. [PMID: 37083412 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c00453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Bioluminescence has been drawing broad attention due to its high signal-to-noise ratio and high bioluminescence quantum yields, which has been widely applied in the fields of biomedicine, bioanalysis, and so on. Among numerous bioluminescent substrates, coelenterazine is famous for its wide distribution. However, the oxygenation reaction mechanism of coelenterazine is far from being completely understood. In this paper, the formation and decomposition mechanisms of coelenterazine dioxetanone were investigated via density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent (TD) DFT approaches. The results showed that the oxygenation reaction first occurred along the triplet-state potential energy surface (PES), after the intersystem crossing (ISC), second jumped to the diradical-state PES, and ultimately formed coelenterazine dioxetanone. For the decomposition mechanism of dioxetanone, the computational results showed that the chemiexcitation of neutral dioxetanone was more efficient than that of other dioxetanone species. Moreover, the diradical properties and the degree of ionic character are modified by the counter ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Mei Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, P. R. China
| | - Yan Leng
- Research Center for Analysis and Measurement, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093 P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ying Cui
- Research Center for Analysis and Measurement, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093 P. R. China
| | - Chun-Gang Min
- Research Center for Analysis and Measurement, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093 P. R. China
| | - Ai-Min Ren
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, P. R. China
| | - Gang Liu
- Institute of Chemical and Industrial Bioengineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun 130052, P. R. China
| | - Qinhong Yin
- Faculty of Narcotics Control, Yunnan Police College, Kunming 650223, P. R. China
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2
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Color-tunable bioluminescence imaging portfolio for cell imaging. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2219. [PMID: 33500496 PMCID: PMC7838199 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81430-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study describes a color-tunable imaging portfolio together with twelve novel coelenterazine (CTZ) analogues. The three groups of CTZ analogues create diverse hues of bioluminescence (BL) ranging from blue to far red with marine luciferases. We found that the hue completes the whole color palette in the visible region and shows red-shifted BL with a marine luciferase: for example, Renilla luciferase 8 (RLuc8) and Artificial Luciferase 16 (ALuc16) show 187 nm- and 105 nm-redshifted spectra, respectively, by simply replacing the substrate CTZ with 1d. The optical properties of the new CTZ analogues were investigated such as the kinetic parameters, dose dependency, and luciferase specificity. The 2-series CTZ analogues interestingly have specificity to ALucs and are completely dark with RLuc derivatives, and 3d is highly specific to only NanoLuc. We further determined the theoretical background of the red-shifted BL maximum wavelengths (λBL) values according to the extended π conjugation of the CTZ backbone using Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. This color-tunable BL imaging system provides a useful multicolor imaging portfolio that efficiently images molecular events in mammalian cells.
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Ding BW, Eremeeva EV, Vysotski ES, Liu YJ. Luminescence Activity Decreases When v-coelenterazine Replaces Coelenterazine in Calcium-Regulated Photoprotein-A Theoretical and Experimental Study. Photochem Photobiol 2020; 96:1047-1060. [PMID: 32416626 DOI: 10.1111/php.13280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Calcium-regulated photoproteins are found in at least five phyla of organisms. The light emitted by those photoproteins can be tuned by mutating the photoprotein and/or by modifying the substrate coelenterazine (CTZ). Thirty years ago, Shimomura observed that the luminescence activity of aequorin was dramatically reduced when the substrate CTZ was replaced by its analog v-CTZ. The latter is formed by adding a phenyl ring to the π-conjugated moiety of CTZ. The decrease in luminescence activity has not been understood until now. In this paper, through combined quantum mechanics and molecular mechanics calculations as well as molecular dynamics simulations, we discovered the reason for this observation. Modification of the substrate changes the conformation of nearby aromatic residues and enhances the π-π stacking interactions between the conjugated moiety of v-CTZ and the residues, which weakens the charge transfer to form light emitter and leads to a lower luminescence activity. The microenvironments of CTZ in obelin and in aequorin are very similar, so we predicted that the luminescence activity of obelin will also dramatically decrease when CTZ is replaced by v-CTZ. This prediction has received strong evidence from currently theoretical calculations and has been verified by experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Wen Ding
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Elena V Eremeeva
- Photobiology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS", Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Eugene S Vysotski
- Photobiology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS", Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Ya-Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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4
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Burakova LP, Eremeeva EV, Vysotski ES. The interaction of C-terminal Tyr208 and Tyr13 of the first α-helix ensures a closed conformation of ctenophore photoprotein berovin. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2020; 19:313-323. [PMID: 32057065 DOI: 10.1039/c9pp00436j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Light-sensitive Ca2+-regulated photoprotein berovin is responsible for the bioluminescence of the ctenophore Beroe abyssicola. It shares many properties of hydromedusan photoproteins although the degree of identity of its amino acid sequence with those of photoproteins is low. There is a hydrogen bond between C-terminal Pro and Arg situated in the N-terminal α-helix of hydromedusan photoproteins that supports a closed conformation of the internal cavity of the photoprotein molecule with bound 2-hydroperoxycoelenterazine. The C- and N-terminal hydrogen bond network is necessary to properly isolate the photoprotein active site from the solvent and consequently to provide a high quantum yield of the bioluminescence reaction. In order to find out which berovin residues perform the same function we modified the N- and C-termini of the protein by replacing or deleting various amino acid residues. The studies on berovin mutants showed that the interaction between C-terminal Tyr208 and Tyr13 localized in the first α-helix of the photoprotein is important for the stabilization and proper orientation of the oxygenated coelenterazine adduct within the internal cavity as well as for supporting the closed photoprotein conformation. We also suggest that the interplay between Tyr residues in ctenophore photoproteins occurs rather through the π-π interaction of their phenyl rings than through hydrogen bonds as in hydromedusan photoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila P Burakova
- Photobiology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS", Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Elena V Eremeeva
- Photobiology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS", Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Eugene S Vysotski
- Photobiology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS", Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
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5
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Gao M, Ding BW, Liu YJ. Tuning the fluorescence of calcium-discharged photoprotein obelin via mutating at the His22-Phe88-Trp92 triad - a QM/MM study. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:1823-1832. [PMID: 31165126 DOI: 10.1039/c9pp00191c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The fluorescence (FL) of calcium-discharged photoprotein (CaDP) can be altered by easily mutating CaDP without modifying coelenteramide (CLM), which is the decarboxylation product of coelenterazine in calcium-regulated photoprotein. The His22-Phe88-Trp92 triad (the ordering numbers of three amino acids are sorted by a crystal structure (PDB: 2F8P) of calcium-discharged obelin, i.e., CaDP-obelin) is closely related to CaDP-obelin FL, since it exists in close proximity to the 5-p-hydroxyphenyl of CLM. Therefore, it is important to thoroughly investigate how the mutations of this triad affect the emission color of CaDP-obelin FL. In this study, by mutating wild-type CaDP-obelin (WT) at the His22-Phe88-Trp92 triad, we theoretically constructed its nine mutants of separable FL colors. Through combined quantum mechanics and molecular mechanics (QM/MM) calculations and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, the influence of the mutations of this triad on the CaDP-obelin FL was analyzed considering the H-bond effect and the charge effect. This study demonstrated that the mutations at the His22-Phe88-Trp92 triad redistribute the charges on the D-π-A molecule, CLM, change the charge transfer from the D to the (π + A) moiety, and thereby alter the FL emission. Appending more negative charges on the phenolate moiety of CLM benefits the FL redshift.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Bo-Wen Ding
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P. R. China.
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Petrova AS, Lukonina AA, Dementyev DV, Ya Bolsunovsky A, Popov AV, Kudryasheva NS. Protein-based fluorescent bioassay for low-dose gamma radiation exposures. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:6837-6844. [PMID: 30062510 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1282-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The study suggests an application of a coelenteramide-containing fluorescent protein (CLM-CFP) as a simplest bioassay for gamma radiation exposures. "Discharged obelin," a product of the bioluminescence reaction of the marine coelenterate Obelia longissima, was used as a representative of the CLM-CFP group. The bioassay is based on a simple enzymatic reaction-photochemical proton transfer in the coelenteramide-apoprotein complex. Components of this reaction differ in fluorescence color, providing, by this, an evaluation of the proton transfer efficiency in the photochemical process. This efficiency depends on the microenvironment of the coelenteramide within the protein complex, and, hence, can evaluate a destructive ability of gamma radiation. The CLM-CFP samples were exposed to gamma radiation (137Cs, 2 mGy/h) for 7 and 16 days at 20 °C and 5 °C, respectively. As a result, two fluorescence characteristics (overall fluorescence intensity and contributions of color components to the fluorescence spectra) were identified as bioassay parameters. Both parameters demonstrated high sensitivity of the CLM-CFP-based bioassay to the low-dose gamma radiation exposure (up to 100 mGy). Higher temperature (20 °C) enhanced the response of CLM-CFP to gamma radiation. This new bioassay can provide fluorescent multicolor assessment of protein destruction in cells and physiological liquids under exposure to low doses of gamma radiation. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena S Petrova
- Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University, Mira Avenue 90, Krasnoyarsk, 660049, Russia
| | - Anna A Lukonina
- Siberian Federal University, Svobodnyy Ave 79, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia
| | - Dmitry V Dementyev
- Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, FRC KSC SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
| | | | - Anatoliy V Popov
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, 3401 N Broad St., Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Nadezhda S Kudryasheva
- Siberian Federal University, Svobodnyy Ave 79, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia. .,Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, FRC KSC SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia.
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7
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Berraud-Pache R, Lindh R, Navizet I. QM/MM Study of the Formation of the Dioxetanone Ring in Fireflies through a Superoxide Ion. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:5173-5182. [PMID: 29659277 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b00642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The bioluminescence emission from fireflies is an astounding tool to mark and view cells. However, the bioluminescent mechanism is not completely deciphered, limiting the comprehension of key processes. We use a theoretical approach to study for the first time the arrival of a dioxygen molecule inside the fireflies protein and one path of the formation of the dioxetanone ring, the high-energy intermediate precursor of the bioluminescence. To describe this reaction step, a joint approach combining classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) calculations is used. The formation of the dioxetanone ring has been studied for both singlet and triplet states with the help of MS-CASPT2 calculations. We also emphasize the role played by the proteinic environment in the formation of the dioxetanone ring. The results obtained shed some light on an important reaction step and give new insights concerning the bioluminescence in fireflies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Berraud-Pache
- Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Modélisation et Simulation Multi Echelle, MSME, UMR 8208 CNRS , UPEM , 5 bd Descartes , 77454 Marne-la-Vallée , France
| | - Roland Lindh
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström , University of Uppsala , P.O. Box 538, SE-751 21 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Isabelle Navizet
- Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Modélisation et Simulation Multi Echelle, MSME, UMR 8208 CNRS , UPEM , 5 bd Descartes , 77454 Marne-la-Vallée , France
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8
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Vacher M, Fdez Galván I, Ding BW, Schramm S, Berraud-Pache R, Naumov P, Ferré N, Liu YJ, Navizet I, Roca-Sanjuán D, Baader WJ, Lindh R. Chemi- and Bioluminescence of Cyclic Peroxides. Chem Rev 2018; 118:6927-6974. [PMID: 29493234 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bioluminescence is a phenomenon that has fascinated mankind for centuries. Today the phenomenon and its sibling, chemiluminescence, have impacted society with a number of useful applications in fields like analytical chemistry and medicine, just to mention two. In this review, a molecular-orbital perspective is adopted to explain the chemistry behind chemiexcitation in both chemi- and bioluminescence. First, the uncatalyzed thermal dissociation of 1,2-dioxetane is presented and analyzed to explain, for example, the preference for triplet excited product states and increased yield with larger nonreactive substituents. The catalyzed fragmentation reaction and related details are then exemplified with substituted 1,2-dioxetanone species. In particular, the preference for singlet excited product states in that case is explained. The review also examines the diversity of specific solutions both in Nature and in artificial systems and the difficulties in identifying the emitting species and unraveling the color modulation process. The related subject of excited-state chemistry without light absorption is finally discussed. The content of this review should be an inspiration to human design of new molecular systems expressing unique light-emitting properties. An appendix describing the state-of-the-art experimental and theoretical methods used to study the phenomena serves as a complement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Vacher
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström , Uppsala University , P.O. Box 538, SE-751 21 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Ignacio Fdez Galván
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström , Uppsala University , P.O. Box 538, SE-751 21 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Bo-Wen Ding
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Stefan Schramm
- New York University Abu Dhabi , P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi , United Arab Emirates
| | - Romain Berraud-Pache
- Université Paris-Est , Laboratoire Modélisation et Simulation Multi Échelle, MSME, UMR 8208 CNRS, UPEM , 5 bd Descartes , 77454 Marne-la-Vallée , France
| | - Panče Naumov
- New York University Abu Dhabi , P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi , United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Ya-Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Isabelle Navizet
- Université Paris-Est , Laboratoire Modélisation et Simulation Multi Échelle, MSME, UMR 8208 CNRS, UPEM , 5 bd Descartes , 77454 Marne-la-Vallée , France
| | - Daniel Roca-Sanjuán
- Institut de Ciència Molecular , Universitat de València , P.O. Box 22085 , Valencia , Spain
| | - Wilhelm J Baader
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química , Universidade de São Paulo , Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748 , 05508-000 São Paulo , SP , Brazil
| | - Roland Lindh
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström , Uppsala University , P.O. Box 538, SE-751 21 Uppsala , Sweden.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Harvard University , 12 Oxford Street , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02138 , United States
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9
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Min C, Pinto da Silva L, Esteves da Silva JCG, Yang X, Huang S, Ren A, Zhu Y. A Computational Investigation of the Equilibrium Constants for the Fluorescent and Chemiluminescent States of Coelenteramide. Chemphyschem 2016; 18:117-123. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201600850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun‐Gang Min
- Research Center for Analysis and Measurement Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650093 P. R. China
| | - Luís Pinto da Silva
- Centro de Investigaçäo em Química (CIQ-UP), Departamento de Química e Bioquímica Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto Rua Campo Alegra 687 4169-007 Porto Portugal
| | - Joaquim C. G. Esteves da Silva
- Centro de Investigaçäo em Química (CIQ-UP), Departamento de Química e Bioquímica Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto Rua Campo Alegra 687 4169-007 Porto Portugal
| | - Xi‐Kun Yang
- Research Center for Analysis and Measurement Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650093 P. R. China
| | - Shao‐Jun Huang
- Research Center for Analysis and Measurement Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650093 P. R. China
| | - Ai‐Min Ren
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130023 P. R. China
| | - Yan‐Qin Zhu
- Research Center for Analysis and Measurement Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650093 P. R. China
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10
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Burakova LP, Stepanyuk GA, Eremeeva EV, Vysotski ES. Role of certain amino acid residues of the coelenterazine-binding cavity in bioluminescence of light-sensitive Ca2+-regulated photoprotein berovin. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2016; 15:691-704. [DOI: 10.1039/c6pp00050a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We suggest that in the inner cavity of ctenophore photoproteins coelenterazine is bound as a 2-peroxy anion which is stabilized owing to Coulomb interaction with a guanidinium group of R41 paired with Y204.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila P. Burakova
- Photobiology Laboratory
- Institute of Biophysics
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Siberian Branch
- Krasnoyarsk 660036
| | - Galina A. Stepanyuk
- Photobiology Laboratory
- Institute of Biophysics
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Siberian Branch
- Krasnoyarsk 660036
| | - Elena V. Eremeeva
- Photobiology Laboratory
- Institute of Biophysics
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Siberian Branch
- Krasnoyarsk 660036
| | - Eugene S. Vysotski
- Photobiology Laboratory
- Institute of Biophysics
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Siberian Branch
- Krasnoyarsk 660036
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Coutant EP, Janin YL. Synthetic Routes to Coelenterazine and Other Imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3-one Luciferins: Essential Tools for Bioluminescence-Based Investigations. Chemistry 2015; 21:17158-71. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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12
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Saito R, Hirano T, Maki S, Niwa H. Synthesis and chemiluminescent properties of 6,8-diaryl-2-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-ones: Systematic investigation of substituent effect at para-position of phenyl group at 8-position. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2014.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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13
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Alieva RR, Belogurova NV, Petrova AS, Kudryasheva NS. Effects of alcohols on fluorescence intensity and color of a discharged-obelin-based biomarker. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:2965-74. [PMID: 24618986 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-7685-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Photoproteins are responsible for bioluminescence of marine coelenterates; bioluminescent and fluorescent biomarkers based on photoproteins are useful for monitoring of calcium-dependent processes in medical investigations. Here, we present the analysis of intensity and color of light-induced fluorescence of Ca(2+)-discharged photoprotein obelin in the presence of alcohols (ethanol and glycerol). Complex obelin spectra obtained at different concentrations of the alcohols at 350- and 280-nm excitation (corresponding to polypeptide-bound coelenteramide and tryptophan absorption regions) were deconvoluted into Gaussian components; fluorescent intensity and contributions of the components to experimental spectra were analyzed. Five Gaussian components were found in different spectral regions-ultraviolet (tryptophan emission), blue-green (coelenteramide emission), and red (hypothetical indole-coelenteramide exciplex emission). Inhibition coefficients and contributions of the components to experimental fluorescent spectra showed that presence of alcohols increased contributions of ultraviolet, violet, and red components, but decreased contributions of components in the blue-green region. The effects were related to (1) changes of proton transfer efficiency in fluorescent S*1 state of coelenteramide in the obelin active center and (2) formation of indole-coelenteramide exciplex at 280-nm photoexcitation. The data show that variation of fluorescence color and intensity in the presence of alcohols and dependence of emission spectra on excitation wavelength should be considered while applying the discharged obelin as a fluorescence biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roza R Alieva
- Siberian Federal University, Svobodny Prospect 79, 660041, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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14
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Li ZS, Zou LY, Min CG, Ren AM. The effect of micro-environment on luminescence of aequorin: The role of amino acids and explicit water molecules on spectroscopic properties of coelenteramide. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2013; 127:94-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2013.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 07/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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15
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Fauber BP, Dragovich PS, Chen J, Corson LB, Ding CZ, Eigenbrot C, Giannetti AM, Hunsaker T, Labadie S, Liu Y, Liu Y, Malek S, Peterson D, Pitts K, Sideris S, Ultsch M, VanderPorten E, Wang J, Wei B, Yen I, Yue Q. Identification of 2-amino-5-aryl-pyrazines as inhibitors of human lactate dehydrogenase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:5533-9. [PMID: 24012183 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Revised: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A 2-amino-5-aryl-pyrazine was identified as an inhibitor of human lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) via a biochemical screening campaign. Biochemical and biophysical experiments demonstrated that the compound specifically interacted with human LDHA. Structural variation of the screening hit resulted in improvements in LDHA biochemical inhibition and pharmacokinetic properties. A crystal structure of an improved compound bound to human LDHA was also obtained and it explained many of the observed structure-activity relationships.
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16
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Chen SF, Ferré N, Liu YJ. QM/MM study on the light emitters of aequorin chemiluminescence, bioluminescence, and fluorescence: a general understanding of the bioluminescence of several marine organisms. Chemistry 2013; 19:8466-72. [PMID: 23670851 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Aequorea victoria is a type of jellyfish that is known by its famous protein, green fluorescent protein (GFP), which has been widely used as a probe in many fields. Aequorea has another important protein, aequorin, which is one of the members of the EF-hand calcium-binding protein family. Aequorin has been used for intracellular calcium measurements for three decades, but its bioluminescence mechanism remains largely unknown. One of the important reasons is the lack of clear and reliable knowledge about the light emitters, which are complex. Several neutral and anionic forms exist in chemiexcited, bioluminescent, and fluorescent states and are connected with the H-bond network of the binding cavity in the protein. We first theoretically investigated aequorin chemiluminescence, bioluminescence, and fluorescence in real proteins by performing hybrid quantum mechanics and molecular mechanics methods combined with a molecular dynamics method. For the first time, this study reported the origin and clear differences in the chemiluminescence, bioluminescence and fluorescence of aequorin, which is important for understanding the bioluminescence not only of jellyfish, but also of many other marine organisms (that have the same coelenterazine caved in different coelenterazine-type luciferases).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Feng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
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Li ZS, Zhao X, Zou LY, Ren AM. The Dynamics Simulation and Quantum Calculation Investigation About Luminescence Mechanism of Coelenteramide. Photochem Photobiol 2013; 89:849-55. [DOI: 10.1111/php.12073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zuo-Sheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry; Institute of Theoretical Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun; China
| | - Xi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry; Institute of Theoretical Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun; China
| | - Lu-Yi Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry; Institute of Theoretical Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun; China
| | - Ai-Min Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry; Institute of Theoretical Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun; China
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18
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Alieva RR, Belogurova NV, Petrova AS, Kudryasheva NS. Fluorescence properties of Ca2+-independent discharged obelin and its application prospects. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 405:3351-8. [PMID: 23392408 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-6757-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Revised: 01/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Discharged obelin, a complex of coelenteramide and polypeptide, is a fluorescent protein produced from the photoprotein obelin, which is responsible for bioluminescence of the marine hydroid Obelia longissima. Discharged obelin is stable and nontoxic and its spectra are variable, and this is why it can be used as a fluorescent biomarker of variable color in vivo and in vitro. Here we examined light-induced fluorescence of Ca(2+)-independent discharged obelin (obtained without addition of Ca(2+)). Its emission and excitation spectra were analyzed under variation of the excitation wavelength (260-390 nm) and the emission wavelength (400-700 nm), as well as the 40 °C exposure time. The emission spectra obtained with excitation at 260-300 nm (tryptophan absorption region) included three peaks with maxima at 355, 498, and 660 nm, corresponding to fluorescence of tryptophan, polypeptide-bound coelenteramide, and a hypothetical indole-coelenteramide exciplex, respectively. The emission spectra obtained with excitation at 310-380 nm (coelenteramide absorption region) did not include the 660-nm maximum. The peak in the red spectral region (λ(max) = 660 nm) has not been previously reported. Exposure to 40 °C under excitation at 310-380 nm shifted the obelin fluorescence spectra to the blue, whereas excitation at 260-300 nm shifted them to the red. Hence, red emission and variation of the excitation wavelength form a basis for development of new medical techniques involving obelin as a colored biomarker. The addition of red color to the battery of known (violet to yellow) colors increases the potential of application of obelin.
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Mahdavi A, Sajedi RH, Hosseinkhani S, Taghdir M, Sariri R. Site-directed mutagenesis of photoprotein mnemiopsin: implication of some conserved residues in bioluminescence properties. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2pp25320h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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20
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Min CG, Li ZS, Ren AM, Zou LY, Guo JF, Goddard JD. The fluorescent properties of coelenteramide, a substrate of aequorin and obelin. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2012.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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21
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Chen SF, Navizet I, Roca-Sanjuán D, Lindh R, Liu YJ, Ferré N. Chemiluminescence of Coelenterazine and Fluorescence of Coelenteramide: A Systematic Theoretical Study. J Chem Theory Comput 2012; 8:2796-807. [DOI: 10.1021/ct300356j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Feng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and
Computational Photochemistry (Beijing Normal University), Ministry
of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Isabelle Navizet
- Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire
Modélisation et Simulation Multi Echelle, MSME UMR 8208 CNRS,
5 bd Descartes, 77454 Marne-la-Vallée, France
- Molecular Science Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, PO Wits Johannesburg
2050, South Africa
| | - Daniel Roca-Sanjuán
- Department
of Chemistry—Ångström, the Theoretical Chemistry
Programme, Uppsala University, P.O. Box
518, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Roland Lindh
- Department
of Chemistry—Ångström, the Theoretical Chemistry
Programme, Uppsala University, P.O. Box
518, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ya-Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and
Computational Photochemistry (Beijing Normal University), Ministry
of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Nicolas Ferré
- Aix-Marseille Université, Institut
de Chimie Radicalaire, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
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22
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Markova SV, Burakova LP, Golz S, Malikova NP, Frank LA, Vysotski ES. The light-sensitive photoprotein berovin from the bioluminescent ctenophore Beroe abyssicola: a novel type of Ca2+-regulated photoprotein. FEBS J 2012; 279:856-70. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2012.08476.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Markova SV, Burakova LP, Vysotski ES. High-active truncated luciferase of copepod Metridia longa. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 417:98-103. [PMID: 22138240 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 11/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The technology of real-time imaging in living cells is crucial for understanding of intracellular events. For this purpose, bioluminescent reporters have been introduced as sensitive and convenient tools. Metridia luciferase (MLuc) from the copepod Metridia longa is a coelenterazine-dependent luciferase containing a natural signal peptide for secretion. We report the high-active MLuc mutants with deletion of the N-terminal variable part of amino acid sequence. The MLuc variants were produced in Escherichia coli cells, converted to an active protein, and characterized. We demonstrate that the truncated MLucs have significantly increased bioluminescent activity as against the wild type enzyme but substantially retain other properties. One of the truncated variants of MLuc was transiently expressed in HEK 293 cells. The results clearly suggest that the truncated Metridia luciferase is well suited as a secreted reporter ensuring higher detection sensitivity in comparison with a wild type enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana V Markova
- Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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24
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Roca-Sanjuán D, Delcey MG, Navizet I, Ferré N, Liu YJ, Lindh R. Chemiluminescence and Fluorescence States of a Small Model for Coelenteramide and Cypridina Oxyluciferin: A CASSCF/CASPT2 Study. J Chem Theory Comput 2011; 7:4060-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ct2004758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Roca-Sanjuán
- Department of Chemistry—Ångström, Theoretical Chemistry Programme, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 518, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mickael G. Delcey
- Department of Chemistry—Ångström, Theoretical Chemistry Programme, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 518, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Isabelle Navizet
- Molecular Science Institute School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, PO Wits Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Nicolas Ferré
- Universités d’Aix-Marseille I, II, et III-CNRS UMR 6264: Laboratoire Chimie Provence, Equipe: Chimie Théorique Faculté de St-Jérome, Case 521, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Ya-Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Roland Lindh
- Department of Chemistry—Ångström, Theoretical Chemistry Programme, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 518, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
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25
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Saito R, Hirano T, Maki S, Niwa H, Ohashi M. Influence of Electron-Donating and Electron-Withdrawing Substituents on the Chemiluminescence Behavior of Coelenterazine Analogs. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2011. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20100185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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26
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Hachiya S, Inagaki T, Hashizume D, Maki S, Niwa H, Hirano T. Synthesis and fluorescence properties of difluoro[amidopyrazinato-O,N]boron derivatives: a new boron-containing fluorophore. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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27
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van Oort B, Eremeeva EV, Koehorst RBM, Laptenok SP, van Amerongen H, van Berkel WJH, Malikova NP, Markova SV, Vysotski ES, Visser AJWG, Lee J. Picosecond fluorescence relaxation spectroscopy of the calcium-discharged photoproteins aequorin and obelin. Biochemistry 2009; 48:10486-91. [PMID: 19810751 DOI: 10.1021/bi901436m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Addition of calcium ions to the Ca(2+)-regulated photoproteins, such as aequorin and obelin, produces a blue bioluminescence originating from a fluorescence transition of the protein-bound product, coelenteramide. The kinetics of several transient fluorescent species of the bound coelenteramide is resolved after picosecond-laser excitation and streak camera detection. The initially formed spectral distributions at picosecond-times are broad, evidently comprised of two contributions, one at higher energy (approximately 25,000 cm(-1)) assigned as from the Ca(2+)-discharged photoprotein-bound coelenteramide in its neutral state. This component decays much more rapidly (t(1/2) approximately 2 ps) in the case of the Ca(2+)-discharged obelin than aequorin (t(1/2) approximately 30 ps). The second component at lower energy shows several intermediates in the 150-500 ps times, with a final species having spectral maxima 19 400 cm(-1), bound to Ca(2+)-discharged obelin, and 21 300 cm(-1), bound to Ca(2+)-discharged aequorin, and both have a fluorescence decay lifetime of 4 ns. It is proposed that the rapid kinetics of these fluorescence transients on the picosecond time scale, correspond to times for relaxation of the protein structural environment of the binding cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart van Oort
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, The Netherlands
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28
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Isobe H, Yamanaka S, Okumura M, Yamaguchi K. Theoretical Investigation of Thermal Decomposition of Peroxidized Coelenterazines with and without External Perturbations. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:15171-87. [DOI: 10.1021/jp905401b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Isobe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Syusuke Yamanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Mitsutaka Okumura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Kizashi Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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29
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Hirano T, Hasumi Y, Ohtsuka K, Maki S, Niwa H, Yamaji M, Hashizume D. Spectroscopic Studies of the Light-Color Modulation Mechanism of Firefly (Beetle) Bioluminescence. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:2385-96. [DOI: 10.1021/ja808836b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Hirano
- Department of Applied Physics and Chemistry, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Engineering, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan, and Advanced Technology Support Division, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yosuke Hasumi
- Department of Applied Physics and Chemistry, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Engineering, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan, and Advanced Technology Support Division, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ohtsuka
- Department of Applied Physics and Chemistry, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Engineering, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan, and Advanced Technology Support Division, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Shojiro Maki
- Department of Applied Physics and Chemistry, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Engineering, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan, and Advanced Technology Support Division, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Haruki Niwa
- Department of Applied Physics and Chemistry, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Engineering, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan, and Advanced Technology Support Division, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Minoru Yamaji
- Department of Applied Physics and Chemistry, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Engineering, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan, and Advanced Technology Support Division, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- Department of Applied Physics and Chemistry, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Engineering, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan, and Advanced Technology Support Division, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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30
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Tomilin FN, Antipina LY, Vysotski ES, Ovchinnikov SG, Gitelzon II. Fluorescence of calcium-discharged obelin: The structure and molecular mechanism of emitter formation. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2008; 422:279-84. [DOI: 10.1134/s1607672908050086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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31
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Belogurova NV, Kudryasheva NS, Alieva RR, Sizykh AG. Spectral components of bioluminescence of aequorin and obelin. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2008; 92:117-22. [PMID: 18602272 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2008.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2007] [Revised: 03/14/2008] [Accepted: 05/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Complex bioluminescence spectra of photoproteins from marine coelenterates - jellyfish Aequorea victoria and hydroid Obelia longissima, and photoluminescence spectra of the bioluminescent reaction products (Ca(2+)-discharged photoproteins) were deconvolved into components. The bioluminescence spectra of aequorin were found to include three, the bioluminescence spectra of obelin - four, and the photoluminescence spectra of the Ca(2+)-discharged photoproteins - only two components. The spectral components were assigned to one unionized and three ionized forms of coelenteramide. The changes in acidity of the excited coelenteramide molecule are discussed. The differences in bioluminescence and photoluminescence spectra are considered, with protonic environment of coelenteramide taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda V Belogurova
- Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia; Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk 660043, Russia.
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32
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Chapter 6.2 (2006) Six-membered ring systems: diazines and benzo derivatives (2006). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-6380(08)80016-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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33
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Isobe H, Yamanaka S, Kuramitsu S, Yamaguchi K. Regulation Mechanism of Spin−Orbit Coupling in Charge-Transfer-Induced Luminescence of Imidazopyrazinone Derivatives. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 130:132-49. [DOI: 10.1021/ja073834r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Isobe
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Syusuke Yamanaka
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Seiki Kuramitsu
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Kizashi Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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34
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Titushin MS, Markova SV, Frank LA, Malikova NP, Stepanyuk GA, Lee J, Vysotski ES. Coelenterazine-binding protein of Renilla muelleri: cDNA cloning, overexpression, and characterization as a substrate of luciferase. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2007; 7:189-96. [PMID: 18264586 DOI: 10.1039/b713109g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Renilla bioluminescent system in vivo is comprised of three proteins--the luciferase, green-fluorescent protein, and coelenterazine-binding protein (CBP), previously called luciferin-binding protein (LBP). This work reports the cloning of the full-size cDNA encoding CBP from soft coral Renilla muelleri, its overexpression and properties of the recombinant protein. The apo-CBP was quantitatively converted to CBP by simple incubation with coelenterazine. The physicochemical properties of this recombinant CBP are determined to be practically the same as those reported for the CBP (LBP) of R. reniformis. CBP is a member of the four-EF-hand Ca(2+)-binding superfamily of proteins with only three of the EF-hand loops having the Ca(2+)-binding consensus sequences. There is weak sequence homology with the Ca(2+)-regulated photoproteins but only as a result of the necessary Ca(2+)-binding loop structure. In combination with Renilla luciferase, addition of only one Ca(2+) is sufficient to release the coelenterazine as a substrate for the luciferase for bioluminescence. This combination of the two proteins generates bioluminescence with higher reaction efficiency than using free coelenterazine alone as the substrate for luciferase. This increased quantum yield, a difference of bioluminescence spectra, and markedly different kinetics, implicate that a CBP-luciferase complex might be involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim S Titushin
- Photobiology Lab, Institute of Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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35
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Takahashi Y, Kondo H, Maki S, Niwa H, Ikeda H, Hirano T. Chemiluminescence of 6-aryl-2-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-ones in DMSO/TMG and in diglyme/acetate buffer: support for the chemiexcitation process to generate the singlet-excited state of neutral oxyluciferin in a high quantum yield in the Cypridina (Vargula) bioluminescence mechanism. Tetrahedron Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.06.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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