Metallo-phosphorylation of alkenes: a highly regioselective reaction of zirconocene–alkene complexes with chlorophosphate

Microwave-Assisted Ionic Liquid-Catalyzed Selective Monoesterification of Alkylphosphonic Acids-An Experimental and a Theoretical Study

It is well-known that the P-acids including phosphonic acids resist undergoing direct esterification. However, it was found that a series of alkylphoshonic acids could be involved in monoesterification with C2-C4 alcohols under microwave (MW) irradiation in the presence of [bmim][BF4] as an additive. The selectivity amounted to 80-98%, while the isolated yields fell in the range of 61-79%. The method developed is a green method for P-acid esterification. DFT calculations at the M062X/6-311+G (d,p) level of theory (performed considering the solvent effect of the corresponding alcohol) explored the three-step mechanism, and justified a higher enthalpy of activation (160.6-194.1 kJ·mol-1) that may be overcome only by MW irradiation. The major role of the [bmim][BF4] additive is to increase the absorption of MW energy. The specific chemical role of the [BF4] anion of the ionic liquid in an alternative mechanism was also raised by the computations.

Direct conjugate additions using aryl and alkyl organic halides in air and water

The direct aryl-conjugate addition to electron-deficient alkenes without prior stoichiometric formation of organometallic reagents in water catalyzed by copper represents an important but unresolved challenge.

Copper-mediated reaction of oxazirconacyclopentenes with dichlorophenylphosphine: a new pathway for the formation of 1,2-oxaphosphole derivatives

CuCl-mediated reaction of oxazirconacyclopentenes with dichlorophenylphosphine afforded dihydrooxaphospholes in high yields, in which the reaction was performed conveniently in one-pot from an alkyne, carbonyl compound and dichlorophosphine.