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Sasaoka Y, Ito K. Amphiphilic Sugar Derivatives Linked with Gallic Acid Bearing Tris-alkoxy Groups through L-Lysine Linkage: Self-assembly and Efficient Dye Removal in Water-organic Solvent Biphasic System. CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.220328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Sasaoka
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jhonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Ito
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jhonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
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2
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Kawamoto N, Hu Y, Kuwahara Y, Ihara H, Takafuji M. A Molecular Shape Recognitive HPLC Stationary Phase Based on a Highly Ordered Amphiphilic Glutamide Molecular Gel. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1574. [PMID: 34203819 PMCID: PMC8232745 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chiral glutamide-derived lipids form self-assembled fibrous molecular gels that can be used as HPLC organic phases. In this study, HPLC separation efficiency was improved through the addition of branched amphiphilic glutamide lipids to the side chains of a terminally immobilized flexible polymer backbone. Poly(4-vinylpyridine) with a trimethoxysilyl group at one end was grafted onto the surface of porous silica particles (Sil-VP15, polymerization degree = 15), and the pyridyl side chains were quaternized with a glutamide lipid having a bromide group (BrG). Elemental analysis indicated that the total amount of the organic phase of the prepared stationary phase (Sil-VPG15) was 38.0 wt%, and the quaternization degree of the pyridyl groups was determined to be 32.5%. Differential scanning calorimetric analysis of a methanol suspension of Sil-VPG15 indicated that the G moieties formed a highly ordered structure below the phase transition temperature even on the silica surface, and the ordered G moieties exhibited a gel-to-liquid crystalline phase transition. Compared with a commercially available octadecylated silica column, the Sil-VPG15 stationary phase showed high selectivity toward polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and particularly excellent separations were obtained for geometrical and positional isomers. Sil-VPG15 also showed highly selective separation for phenol derivatives, and bio-related molecules containing phenolic groups such as steroids were successfully separated. These separation abilities are probably due to multiple interactions between the elutes and the highly ordered functional groups, such as the pyridinium and amide groups, on the highly ordered molecular gel having self-assembling G moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Kawamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan; (N.K.); (Y.H.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yongxing Hu
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan; (N.K.); (Y.H.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yutaka Kuwahara
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan; (N.K.); (Y.H.); (Y.K.)
| | - Hirotaka Ihara
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan; (N.K.); (Y.H.); (Y.K.)
- National Institute of Technology, Okinawa College, 905 Henoko, Nago, Okinawa 905-2192, Japan
| | - Makoto Takafuji
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan; (N.K.); (Y.H.); (Y.K.)
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3
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Liu M, Ouyang G, Niu D, Sang Y. Supramolecular gelatons: towards the design of molecular gels. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00620b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The concept of supramolecular gelatons for the design of gels was proposed and described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghua Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid
- Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Guanghui Ouyang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid
- Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Dian Niu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid
- Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Yutao Sang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid
- Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
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4
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Seki A, Funatsu Y, Funahashi M. Anomalous photovoltaic effect based on molecular chirality: influence of enantiomeric purity on the photocurrent response in π-conjugated ferroelectric liquid crystals. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:16446-16455. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02624b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Photovoltaic effect based on molecular chirality was observed in π-conjugated ferroelectric liquid crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Seki
- Department of Advanced Materials Science
- Faculty of Engineering
- Kagawa University
- Takamatsu
- Japan
| | - Yusuke Funatsu
- Department of Advanced Materials Science
- Faculty of Engineering
- Kagawa University
- Takamatsu
- Japan
| | - Masahiro Funahashi
- Department of Advanced Materials Science
- Faculty of Engineering
- Kagawa University
- Takamatsu
- Japan
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5
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IHARA H, TAKAFUJI M, KUWAHARA Y. Transparent Polymer Films Functionally-Webbed with Glutamide-Based Supramolecular Gels and Their Optical Applications. KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU 2016. [DOI: 10.1295/koron.2015-0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka IHARA
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University
- Kumamoto Institute for Photo-Electro Organics (PHOENICS)
| | - Makoto TAKAFUJI
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University
| | - Yutaka KUWAHARA
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University
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7
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Ryu N, Okazaki Y, Hirai K, Takafuji M, Nagaoka S, Pouget E, Ihara H, Oda R. Memorized chiral arrangement of gemini surfactant assemblies in nanometric hybrid organic–silica helices. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:5800-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc01219a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The chiral arrangement of non-chiral gemini surfactant molecules induced by enantiomeric tartrate counterions was maintained by hybridization with silica matrices even after the removal of the counterions as chiral sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Ryu
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Kumamoto University
- Chuo-ku Kumamoto 860-8555
- Japan
- Materials Development Department
| | - Yutaka Okazaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Kumamoto University
- Chuo-ku Kumamoto 860-8555
- Japan
| | - Kana Hirai
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Kumamoto University
- Chuo-ku Kumamoto 860-8555
- Japan
| | - Makoto Takafuji
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Kumamoto University
- Chuo-ku Kumamoto 860-8555
- Japan
- Kumamoto Institute for Photo-Electro Organics (PHOENICS)
| | - Shoji Nagaoka
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Kumamoto University
- Chuo-ku Kumamoto 860-8555
- Japan
- Materials Development Department
| | - Emilie Pouget
- Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nanoobjects (UMR5248 CBMN)
- CNRS
- Université de Bordeaux
- Institut Polytechnique Bordeaux
- 33607 Pessac
| | - Hirotaka Ihara
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Kumamoto University
- Chuo-ku Kumamoto 860-8555
- Japan
- Kumamoto Institute for Photo-Electro Organics (PHOENICS)
| | - Reiko Oda
- Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nanoobjects (UMR5248 CBMN)
- CNRS
- Université de Bordeaux
- Institut Polytechnique Bordeaux
- 33607 Pessac
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8
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghua Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
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9
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Duan P, Cao H, Zhang L, Liu M. Gelation induced supramolecular chirality: chirality transfer, amplification and application. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:5428-5448. [PMID: 24975350 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm00507d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular chirality defines chirality at the supramolecular level, and is generated from the spatial arrangement of component molecules assembling through non-covalent interactions such as hydrogen bonding, van der Waals interactions, π-π stacking, hydrophobic interactions and so on. During the formation of low molecular weight gels (LMWGs), one kind of fascinating soft material, one frequently encounters the phenomenon of chirality as well as chiral nanostructures, either from chiral gelators or even achiral gelators. A view of gelation-induced supramolecular chirality will be very helpful to understand the self-assembly process of the gelator molecules as well as the chiral structures, the regulation of the chirality in the gels and the development of the "smart" chiral materials such as chiroptical devices, catalysts and chiral sensors. It necessitates fundamental understanding of chirality transfer and amplification in these supramolecular systems. In this review, recent progress in gelation-induced supramolecular chirality is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Babu SS, Praveen VK, Ajayaghosh A. Functional π-gelators and their applications. Chem Rev 2014; 114:1973-2129. [PMID: 24400783 DOI: 10.1021/cr400195e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1220] [Impact Index Per Article: 122.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sukumaran Santhosh Babu
- Photosciences and Photonics Group, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST) , Trivandrum 695019, India
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11
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Jintoku H, Okazaki Y, Takafuji M, Ihara H. Functional Phase Separation in Polymer–Monomer Composite Film: Controlled Induction of Pyrene Orientation. CHEM LETT 2013. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.130586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hirokuni Jintoku
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University
| | - Yutaka Okazaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University
| | - Makoto Takafuji
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University
- Kumamoto Institute for Photo-Electro Organics (PHOENICS)
| | - Hirotaka Ihara
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University
- Kumamoto Institute for Photo-Electro Organics (PHOENICS)
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12
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Mallik AK, Qiu H, Takafuji M, Ihara H. Selectivity enhancement for the separation of tocopherols and steroids by integration of highly ordered weak interaction sites along the polymer main chain. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 404:229-38. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6098-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2011] [Revised: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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13
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Takafuji M, Charoenraks T, Izumi J, Ihara H. Organic Thin Layer of Molecular Gel-forming Glutamide Lipid on Silica Particles for Practical Application to Molecular Recognition. CHEM LETT 2012. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2012.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Takafuji
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University
- Kumamoto Institute for Photo-electro Organics (Phoenics)
| | - Thiraporn Charoenraks
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University
| | - Jin Izumi
- Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University
| | - Hirotaka Ihara
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University
- Kumamoto Institute for Photo-electro Organics (Phoenics)
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14
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Bag DS, Alam S. Synthesis and characterization of photoactive chiral copolymers of (S)-N-(1-phenyl ethyl) methacrylamide and disperse red 1 methacrylate. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.36369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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15
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Jintoku H, Takafuji M, Oda R, Ihara H. Enantioselective recognition by a highly ordered porphyrin-assembly on a chiral molecular gel. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:4881-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc31127e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Jintoku H, Ihara H. Molecular gel-mediated UV-to-visible spectral conversion for enhancement of power-conversion efficiency. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:1144-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc16911h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Takafuji M, Kira Y, Ishiordori A, Hachisako H, Sawada T, Ihara H. Enclosure of Secondary Chirality Based on Highly-Oriented Lipid Aggregates into a Polymer Sheet by Photo-Induced Polymerization of Polymerizable Monomer Gels. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201050539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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18
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Bag DS, Rao KUB. Chiral copolymers of (R
)-N
-(1-phenylethyl) methacrylamide and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate: copolymerization characteristics and chiroptical properties. POLYM INT 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.2728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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19
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Xue P, Lu R, Yang X, Zhao L, Xu D, Liu Y, Zhang H, Nomoto H, Takafuji M, Ihara H. Self-Assembly of a Chiral Lipid Gelator Controlled by Solvent and Speed of Gelation. Chemistry 2009; 15:9824-35. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200900732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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20
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Moffat JR, Coates IA, Leng FJ, Smith DK. Metathesis within self-assembled gels: transcribing nanostructured soft materials into a more robust form. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:8786-8793. [PMID: 20050049 DOI: 10.1021/la900282k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This article reports the covalent capture of self-assembled gel-phase materials using alkene metathesis. Gels assembled from a gelator functionalized with peripheral alkene groups were reacted with Grubbs' second generation catalyst, added as a solution to the top of the gel and allowed to diffuse into the material for 24 h. Using this approach, the fibrillar self-assembled network was covalently captured, yielding a large amount of insoluble material that was robust, thermally stable, and highly swellable in solvents compatible with the gelator. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that the insoluble metathesized material contained nanoscale fibers, which were aligned into rigid fiber bundles on drying. When the gelator was assembled in the presence of a second non-cross-linkable gelator, self-sorting took place, giving rise to two independent gelator networks. Metathesis then generated an insoluble material in which the individual gel fibers of the cross-linkable gelator were captured, whereas the nonreactive gelator could be washed away. Intriguingly, using this approach appeared to hinder the alignment of gel fibers into rigid fiber bundles. Instead, individual, well-defined, robust gelator nanofibers were visualized in the dried materials. In addition, the material synthesized this way appeared to be even more highly porous and swellable on the addition of solvent. In summary, this article demonstrates that metathesis is an effective way to capture nanostructured gel-phase materials covalently, with the judicious choice of additives helping to control the morphology and behavior of the materials generated. This approach to nanofabrication could ultimately give rise to nanostructured polymeric materials with a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie R Moffat
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
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21
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Takafuji M, Azuma N, Miyamoto K, Maeda S, Ihara H. Polycondensation and stabilization of chirally ordered molecular organogels derived from alkoxysilyl group- containing L-glutamide lipid. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:8428-8433. [PMID: 19292429 DOI: 10.1021/la804321u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A lipophilic L-glutamide-derived lipid with a triethoxysilyl headgroup (Si-lipid) was newly synthesized as a self-assembling organogelator to stabilize the chirally ordered state of the aggregates. The Si-lipid formed nanofibrous network structures in various organic solvents such as benzene, cyclohexane, and dimethylformamide and entrapped them to form gels. The gels were transformed to sols by heat, and this gel-to-sol transition was thermally reversible. Polycondensation of the triethoxysilyl groups was carried out by acid-catalyzed hydrolysis and condensation in a benzene gel and confirmed by 29Si CP/MAS NMR and FT-IR measurements. After polycondensation, a gel state was maintained, and the thermal and mechanical stabilities of the aggregates increased markedly. Interestingly, polycondensation in chloroform and acetonitrile induced gelation, whereas no gelation was observed before polycondensation. Xerogel, which was prepared by freeze drying organogels, had fibrous network structures similar to those of the original gels. A strong CD signal was observed around the amide bonds in a cyclohexane gel at 20 degrees C, indicating that the gel contained chirally oriented structures based on intermolecular hydrogen bonds. An enhanced CD signal was observed even after polycondensation of the ethoxysilyl group of Si-lipid (poly(Si-lipid)) and was maintained at 70 degrees C, which is above the temperature of the gel-to-sol phase transition of the original gel. These results indicate that the formation of siloxane network structure among the fibrous aggregates stabilizes the chiral orientation of lipid aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Takafuji
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
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22
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Smith DK. Lost in translation? Chirality effects in the self-assembly of nanostructured gel-phase materials. Chem Soc Rev 2009; 38:684-94. [PMID: 19322462 DOI: 10.1039/b800409a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 501] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Gel-phase materials are generated when molecular building blocks assemble into nanoscale architectures, usually 'one-dimensional' fibrils, which hierarchically assemble into bundles and subsequently form an entangled sample spanning network, capable of preventing the flow of bulk solvent. This tutorial review explores the vital role of chirality in gel formation. In particular, we focus on how fundamental self-assembly processes can translate molecular scale chiral information into nanoscale architectures, and then into the macroscopic behaviour of the gel. Chiral molecular gels have potential applications in nanofabrication and as addressable functional nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- David K Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, UK YO 10 5DD.
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23
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Burguete MI, Galindo F, Gavara R, Izquierdo MA, Lima JC, Luis SV, Parola AJ, Pina F. Use of fluorescence spectroscopy to study polymeric materials with porous structure based on imprinting by self-assembled fibrillar networks. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:9795-9803. [PMID: 18683958 DOI: 10.1021/la801342f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Different polymeric materials have been prepared from the organogels formed by a polymerizable methacrylic mixture (methyl methacrylate/ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1:1, w/w) and the macrocyclic pseudopeptide 1. The use of (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)diphenylphosphine oxide as a very efficient radical initiator allows polymeric materials in which the structure of the fibrils formed by self-assembly of the organogelator 1 is truly preserved to be obtained. Removal of the pseudopeptidic molecule provides materials with a porous structure reflecting that of the original self-assembled fibrils. The use of fluorescent probes such as rhodamine B and pyrene greatly facilitate the study of the porous structures formed and, accordingly, that of the morphology of the original fibrils. Those studies reveal the presence of a permanent porosity and the organization of the substructures as a porous network. This confirms the existence of a nucleation and growth mechanism for the generation of the fibrils, giving rise to the formation of spherulitic structures. Those spherulites are additionally linked by connections of variable size. A series of diffusion experiments allowed establishment of a direct dependence of the inner porosity of the materials on the amount of self-organizing template used for their preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Isabel Burguete
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica/Unidad Asociada de Materiales Orgánicos Avanzados (UAMOA), Universitat Jaume I/CSIC, Av. Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castellón, Spain
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24
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Li Y, Liu M. Fabrication of chiral silver nanoparticles and chiral nanoparticulate film via organogel. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:5571-3. [DOI: 10.1039/b812567h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Li Y, Wang T, Liu M. Gelating-induced supramolecular chirality of achiral porphyrins: chiroptical switch between achiral molecules and chiral assemblies. SOFT MATTER 2007; 3:1312-1317. [PMID: 32900098 DOI: 10.1039/b710165a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Chiral low molecular weight organogelators which can gel nearly all kinds of common organic solvents were designed. The gelators could also form organogels with other functional compounds, which could not form the organogel themselves. Achiral porphyrins were employed as functional compounds to form the co-gel with the gelator in DMSO and interesting properties were found. Although no chirality was observed when the achiral porphyrin derivative containing a long alkyl chain was mixed with the gelator in hot DMSO solution, supramolecular chirality of the achiral porphyrin was induced when cooling to form an organogel. Based on the thermo-reversible property of the organogel, a thermo-driven supramolecular chiroptical switch was proposed through the switch between achiral molecule and chiral molecular assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuangang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Minghua Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, People's Republic of China.
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