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Maddocks CJ, Clarke PA. Catalytic asymmetric total syntheses of (R)-bgugaine and (R)-irnidine. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Maddocks CJ, Ermanis K, Clarke PA. Asymmetric "Clip-Cycle" Synthesis of Pyrrolidines and Spiropyrrolidines. Org Lett 2020; 22:8116-8121. [PMID: 32991808 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The development of an asymmetric "clip-cycle" synthesis of 2,2- and 3,3-disubstituted pyrrolidines and spiropyrrolidines, which are increasingly important scaffolds in drug discovery programs, is reported. Cbz-protected bis-homoallylic amines were activated by "clipping" them to thioacrylate via an alkene metathesis reaction. Enantioselective intramolecular aza-Michael cyclization onto the activated alkene, catalyzed by a chiral phosphoric acid, formed a pyrrolidine. The reaction accommodated a range of substitutions to form 2,2- and 3,3-disubstituted pyrrolidines and spiropyrrolidines with high enantioselectivities. The importance of the thioester activating group was demonstrated by comparison to ketone and oxoester-containing substrates. DFT studies supported the aza-Michael cyclization as the rate- and stereochemistry-determining step and correctly predicted the formation of the major enantiomer. The catalytic asymmetric syntheses of N-methylpyrrolidine alkaloids (R)-irnidine and (R)-bgugaine, which possess DNA binding and antibacterial properties, were achieved using the "clip-cycle" methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Maddocks
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, North Yorks, U.K., YO10 5DD
| | - Kristaps Ermanis
- Centre for Molecular Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, U.K., CB2 1EW
| | - Paul A Clarke
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, North Yorks, U.K., YO10 5DD
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Bolotin DS, Bokach NA, Demakova MY, Kukushkin VY. Metal-Involving Synthesis and Reactions of Oximes. Chem Rev 2017; 117:13039-13122. [PMID: 28991449 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This review classifies and summarizes the past 10-15 years of advancements in the field of metal-involving (i.e., metal-mediated and metal-catalyzed) reactions of oximes. These reactions are diverse in nature and have been employed for syntheses of oxime-based metal complexes and cage-compounds, oxime functionalizations, and the preparation of new classes of organic species, in particular, a wide variety of heterocyclic systems spanning small 3-membered ring systems to macroheterocycles. This consideration gives a general outlook of reaction routes, mechanisms, and driving forces and underlines the potential of metal-involving conversions of oxime species for application in various fields of chemistry and draws attention to the emerging putative targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii S Bolotin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University , Universitetskaya Nab., 7/9, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Nadezhda A Bokach
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University , Universitetskaya Nab., 7/9, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Marina Ya Demakova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University , Universitetskaya Nab., 7/9, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim Yu Kukushkin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University , Universitetskaya Nab., 7/9, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
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Cai L, Qu B, Hurtle BT, Dadiboyena S, Diaz-Arrastia R, Pike VW. Candidate PET Radioligand Development for Neurofibrillary Tangles: Two Distinct Radioligand Binding Sites Identified in Postmortem Alzheimer's Disease Brain. ACS Chem Neurosci 2016; 7:897-911. [PMID: 27171905 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
[(18)F]THK-523 and [(18)F]807 are promising radioligands for imaging neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) with positron emission tomography (PET) in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and traumatic brain injury. Although [(18)F]THK-523 and [(18)F]T807 are considered high-affinity selective radioligands for NFTs, uncertainty has existed as to whether PET radioligands for imaging NFTs bind to the same molecular site because in vitro assays for ligands binding to NFTs have been lacking. We labeled THK-523 and T807 with tritium to serve as reference radioligands for in vitro binding assays with AD brain homogenates for newly synthesized ligands. With these radioligands, we identified two distinct binding sites for small molecules, one site with high affinity for THK-523 and the other with high affinity for T807. Moreover, binding assays with [(3)H]PIB confirmed that the two newly identified binding sites are also distinct from the thioflavin-T binding site where all current clinically useful PET radioligands for imaging β-amyloid plaque bind with high affinity. The two newly identified binding sites are considered to reside on NFTs rather than on β-amyloid plaques. Furthermore, we applied all three binding assays to a set of newly prepared compounds, based on chain modifications to THK-523. Some compounds with high affinity and selectivity for the THK-523 binding site emerged from this set, including one with amenability to labeling with fluorine-18, namely, ligand 10b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisheng Cai
- Molecular
Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Baoxi Qu
- Center
for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Rockville, Maryland 20851, United States
| | - Bryan T. Hurtle
- Molecular
Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Sureshbabu Dadiboyena
- Molecular
Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Ramon Diaz-Arrastia
- Center
for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Rockville, Maryland 20851, United States
| | - Victor W. Pike
- Molecular
Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
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Bejarano CA, Díaz JE, Loaiza AE. Synthesis of 4-(alkoxyamino)chroman-2-ones via 6-exo-trig cyclization of carbon-centered radicals into oxime ethers. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-016-1857-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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6
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Turova OV, Berezhnaya VG, Starodubtseva EV, Ferapontov VA, Vinogradov MG. Palladium-catalyzed C—O hydrogenolysis in γ-hydroxy γ-lactams as an efficient approach to 5-alkyl(aryl)pyrrolidin-2-ones. Russ Chem Bull 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-015-0945-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Slater KA, Friestad GK. Mn-Mediated Radical-Ionic Annulations of Chiral N-Acylhydrazones. J Org Chem 2015; 80:6432-40. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kara A. Slater
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Gregory K. Friestad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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Tauber J, Imbri D, Opatz T. Radical addition to iminium ions and cationic heterocycles. Molecules 2014; 19:16190-222. [PMID: 25310148 PMCID: PMC6270771 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191016190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon-centered radicals represent highly useful reactive intermediates in organic synthesis. Their nucleophilic character is reflected by fast additions to electron deficient C=X double bonds as present in iminium ions or cationic heterocycles. This review covers diverse reactions of preformed or in situ-generated cationic substrates with various types of C-radicals, including alkyl, alkoxyalkyl, trifluoromethyl, aryl, acyl, carbamoyl, and alkoxycarbonyl species. Despite its high reactivity, the strong interaction of the radical's SOMO with the LUMO of the cation frequently results in a high regioselectivity. Intra- and intermolecular processes such as the Minisci reaction, the Porta reaction, and the Knabe rearrangement will be discussed along with transition metal and photoredox catalysis or electrochemical methods to generate the odd-electron species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Tauber
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Dennis Imbri
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Till Opatz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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10
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Mulla SA, Chavan SS, Inamdar SM, Pathan MY, Shaikh TM. An efficient synthesis of O-aryloxime ethers by copper fluorapatite catalyzed cross-coupling of aryloximes with arylboronic acids. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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11
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Lewis acid-catalyzed cascade radical addition/cyclization for the synthesis of 3-substituted isoindolin-1-one derivatives. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Ueda M, Ito Y, Ichii Y, Kakiuchi M, Shono H, Miyata O. Direct Synthesis of Benzofuro[2,3-b]pyrroles through a Radical Addition/[3,3]-Sigmatropic Rearrangement/Cyclization/Lactamization Cascade. Chemistry 2014; 20:6763-70. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201402217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Ueda
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Motoyamakita, Higashinada, Kobe 658-8558 (Japan), Fax: (+81)78-441-7554
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Ueda M. Radical Addition-Initiated Domino Reactions of Conjugated Oxime Ethers. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2014; 62:845-55. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c14-00388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Friestad GK. Control of asymmetry in the radical addition approach to chiral amine synthesis. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2014; 343:1-32. [PMID: 24085561 PMCID: PMC4114248 DOI: 10.1007/128_2013_481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The state-of-the-science in asymmetric free radical additions to imino compounds is presented, beginning with an overview of methods involving stereocontrol by various chiral auxiliary approaches. Chiral N-acylhydrazones are discussed with respect to their use as radical acceptors for Mn-mediated intermolecular additions, from design to scope surveys to applications to biologically active targets. A variety of aldehydes and ketones serve as viable precursors for the chiral hydrazones, and a variety of alkyl iodides may be employed as radical precursors, as discussed in a critical review of the functional group compatibility of the reaction. Applications to amino acid and alkaloid synthesis are presented to illustrate the synthetic potential of these versatile stereocontrolled carbon-carbon bond construction reactions. Asymmetric catalysis is discussed, from seminal work on the stereocontrol of radical addition to imino compounds by non-covalent interactions with stoichiometric amounts of catalysts, to more recent examples demonstrating catalyst turnover.
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Ueda M, Ono A, Nakao D, Matsuno K, Naito T, Miyata O. Total synthesis of penmacric acids via an intermolecular radical addition reaction. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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16
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Friestad GK, Ji A, Baltrusaitis J, Korapala CS, Qin J. Scope of Stereoselective Mn-Mediated Radical Addition to Chiral Hydrazones and Application in a Formal Synthesis of Quinine. J Org Chem 2012; 77:3159-80. [DOI: 10.1021/jo2026349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory K. Friestad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - An Ji
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Jonas Baltrusaitis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | | | - Jun Qin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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Ueda M, Naito T, Miyata O. Development of Domino Reactions Based on Radical Addition Reaction to Conjugated Oxime Ethers. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2012. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.70.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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18
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Xiao KJ, Wang Y, Ye KY, Huang PQ. Versatile one-pot reductive alkylation of lactams/amides via amide activation: application to the concise syntheses of bioactive alkaloids (±)-bgugaine, (±)-coniine, (+)-preussin, and (-)-cassine. Chemistry 2011; 16:12792-6. [PMID: 20938943 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Jiong Xiao
- Department of Chemistry and The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
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Radical Additions to Chiral Hydrazones: Stereoselectivity and Functional Group Compatibility. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2011; 320:61-91. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2011_163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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20
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N-Benzyloxymalimide for an easy access to 5-alkyl-3-pyrrolin-2-ones: asymmetric synthesis of the mixed imide substructure of the potent immunosuppressant microcolin B. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2010.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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21
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Jin J, Li Y, Wang ZJ, Qian WX, Bao WL. A Concise, Metal-Free Approach to the Synthesis of Oxime Ethers from Cross-Dehydrogenative-Coupling of sp3C-H Bonds with Oximes. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200901321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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22
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Friestad GK, Banerjee K. Synthesis of γ-Amino Esters via Mn-Mediated Radical Addition to Chiral γ-Hydrazonoesters. Org Lett 2009; 11:1095-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ol802932v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Koushik Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
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Yamada KI, Maekawa M, Akindele T, Yamamoto Y, Nakano M, Tomioka K. Tandem conjugate addition–aldol cyclization of 2-formylbenzylidenemalonate with ether radicals by the mediation of dimethylzinc. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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24
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Friestad GK, Jiang T, Fioroni GM. Stereocontrol in radical Mannich equivalents for aminosugar synthesis: haloacetal and 2-(phenylthio)vinyl tethered radical additions to α-hydroxyhydrazones. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Godineau E, Schenk K, Landais Y. Synthesis of fused piperidinones through a radical-ionic cascade. J Org Chem 2008; 73:6983-93. [PMID: 18729322 DOI: 10.1021/jo801308j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Azabicyclo[4.3.0]nonanes were assembled, from chiral allylsilanes possessing an oxime moiety, using a stereocontrolled formal [2 + 2 + 2] radical-ionic process. The cascade involves the addition of an alpha-iodoester to the less substituted end of the enoxime which is then followed by a 5-exo-trig cyclization onto the aldoxime function, producing an alkoxyaminyl radical species which finally lactamizes to afford the titled piperidinone. High levels of stereoinduction were observed, demonstrating the ability of a silicon group located at the allylic position to efficiently control the stereochemistry of the two newly created stereogenic centers. When the radical cascade was extended to ketoximes, the resulting sterically hindered alkoxyaminyl radical did not react further with the initiator Et3B to produce the expected nucleophilic amidoborane complex. In sharp contrast, this long-lived radical recombined with the initial alpha-stabilized ester radical to produce a cyclopentane incorporating two ester fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edouard Godineau
- University Bordeaux 1, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR-CNRS 5255, 351, Cours de la Libération, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
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Naito T. Development of New Synthetic Reactions for Nitrogen-Containing Compounds and Their Application. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2008; 56:1367-83. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.56.1367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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