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Fukaya K, Saito A, Nakajima N, Urabe D. Computational Analysis of the Selective Formation of the C4α-C8' Bond in the Intermolecular Coupling of Catechin Derivatives. J Org Chem 2020; 85:5010-5018. [PMID: 32149508 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Procyanidin B3 is a natural flavonoid composed of two catechins connected via a C4α-C8' bond. The couplings of catechin derivatives, promoted by Lewis acids, have been widely applied to the syntheses of procyanidin B3 and related flavonoids because the reactions construct the C4α-C8' bond in a highly stereo- and regioselective manner. However, the structural complexity of the catechin derivatives has complicated the exploration of a detailed mechanism for this selectivity. Here, we report the results of a computational study to provide plausible origins for the selective C4α-C8' bond formation of catechin derivatives 1 and 2 by using models 5 and 7. Although a systematic search did not provide SN2-like transition states, we successfully identified transition states TS-A, TS-B, and TS-C for the SN1-type C4α-C8', C4β-C8', and C4α-C6' bond formations, respectively, from a total of 233 transition states to justify the stereo- and regioselectivity of the experimental results. The analysis of these structures by NCIPLOT mapping and the distortion/interaction strain model suggests that the eclipsed interaction at the forming C-C bond between the electrophile and the nucleophile destabilizes TS-B, while the strain of the electrophile destabilizes TS-C. Consequently, the C4α-C8' bond is formed via the lowest energy transition state TS-A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Fukaya
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Akiko Saito
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Electro-Communication University, 18-8 Hatsu-cho, Neyagawa, Osaka 572-8530, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Nakajima
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Daisuke Urabe
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
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Dewi Yuliana N. FTIR-METABOLOMICS TO CORRELATE SORGHUM’S CHEMICAL PROFILE AND HCT-116 CYTOTOXICITY CHANGES DURING RICE-ANALOGUE PRODUCTION. JURNAL TEKNOLOGI DAN INDUSTRI PANGAN 2018. [DOI: 10.6066/jtip.2018.29.2.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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3
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Wang X, Liu F, Yun J, Feng Z, Jiang J, Yang Y, Zhang P. Iron-Catalyzed Synthesis of the Hexahydrocyclopenta[ c
]furan Core and Concise Total Synthesis of Polyflavanostilbene B. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201804329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xujie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines; Institute of Materia Medica; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100050 China
| | - Fu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines; Institute of Materia Medica; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100050 China
| | - Juping Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines; Institute of Materia Medica; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100050 China
| | - Ziming Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines; Institute of Materia Medica; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100050 China
| | - Jianshuang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines; Institute of Materia Medica; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100050 China
| | - Yanan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines; Institute of Materia Medica; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100050 China
| | - Peicheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines; Institute of Materia Medica; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100050 China
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Wang X, Liu F, Yun J, Feng Z, Jiang J, Yang Y, Zhang P. Iron-Catalyzed Synthesis of the Hexahydrocyclopenta[c
]furan Core and Concise Total Synthesis of Polyflavanostilbene B. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:10127-10131. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201804329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xujie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines; Institute of Materia Medica; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100050 China
| | - Fu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines; Institute of Materia Medica; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100050 China
| | - Juping Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines; Institute of Materia Medica; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100050 China
| | - Ziming Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines; Institute of Materia Medica; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100050 China
| | - Jianshuang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines; Institute of Materia Medica; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100050 China
| | - Yanan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines; Institute of Materia Medica; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100050 China
| | - Peicheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines; Institute of Materia Medica; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100050 China
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Chapman LM, Beck JC, Lacker CR, Wu L, Reisman SE. Evolution of a Strategy for the Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (+)-Psiguadial B. J Org Chem 2018; 83:6066-6085. [PMID: 29728045 PMCID: PMC5990278 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
(+)-Psiguadial B is a diformyl phloroglucinol meroterpenoid that exhibits antiproliferative activity against the HepG2 human hepatoma cancer cell line. This full account details the evolution of a strategy that culminated in the first enantioselective total synthesis of (+)-psiguadial B. A key feature of the synthesis is the construction of the trans-cyclobutane motif by a Wolff rearrangement with in situ catalytic, asymmetric trapping of the ketene. An investigation of the substrate scope of this method to prepare enantioenriched 8-aminoquinolinamides is disclosed. Three routes toward (+)-psiguadial B were evaluated that featured the following key steps: (1) an ortho-quinone methide hetero-Diels-Alder cycloaddition to prepare the chroman framework, (2) a Prins cyclization to form the bridging bicyclo[4.3.1]decane system, and (3) a modified Norrish-Yang cyclization to generate the chroman. Ultimately, the successful strategy employed a ring-closing metathesis to form the seven-membered ring and an intramolecular O-arylation reaction to complete the polycyclic framework of the natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M. Chapman
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | | | | | - Linglin Wu
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Sarah E. Reisman
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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Trobe M, Burke MD. The Molecular Industrial Revolution: Automated Synthesis of Small Molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:4192-4214. [PMID: 29513400 PMCID: PMC5912692 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Today we are poised for a transition from the highly customized crafting of specific molecular targets by hand to the increasingly general and automated assembly of different types of molecules with the push of a button. Creating machines that are capable of making many different types of small molecules on demand, akin to that which has been achieved on the macroscale with 3D printers, is challenging. Yet important progress is being made toward this objective with two complementary approaches: 1) Automation of customized synthesis routes to different targets by machines that enable the use of many reactions and starting materials, and 2) automation of generalized platforms that make many different targets using common coupling chemistry and building blocks. Continued progress in these directions has the potential to shift the bottleneck in molecular innovation from synthesis to imagination, and thereby help drive a new industrial revolution on the molecular scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Trobe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Martin D. Burke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA and Carle-Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
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Trobe M, Burke MD. Die molekulare industrielle Revolution: zur automatisierten Synthese organischer Verbindungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Trobe
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign 600 S. Mathews, 454 RAL Urbana-Champaign IL 61801 USA
| | - Martin D. Burke
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign 600 S. Mathews, 454 RAL Urbana-Champaign IL 61801 USA
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Abstract
Small molecules have extensive untapped potential to benefit society, but access to this potential is too often restricted by limitations inherent to the customized approach currently used to synthesize this class of chemical matter. In contrast, the "building block approach", i.e., generalized iterative assembly of interchangeable parts, has now proven to be a highly efficient and flexible way to construct things ranging all the way from skyscrapers to macromolecules to artificial intelligence algorithms. The structural redundancy found in many small molecules suggests that they possess a similar capacity for generalized building block-based construction. It is also encouraging that many customized iterative synthesis methods have been developed that improve access to specific classes of small molecules. There has also been substantial recent progress toward the iterative assembly of many different types of small molecules, including complex natural products, pharmaceuticals, biological probes, and materials, using common building blocks and coupling chemistry. Collectively, these advances suggest that a generalized building block approach for small molecule synthesis may be within reach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan W Lehmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Daniel J Blair
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Martin D Burke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA and Carle-Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
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9
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Chapman LM, Beck JC, Wu L, Reisman SE. Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (+)-Psiguadial B. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:9803-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b07229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M. Chapman
- The Warren and Katharine
Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Jordan C. Beck
- The Warren and Katharine
Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Linglin Wu
- The Warren and Katharine
Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Sarah E. Reisman
- The Warren and Katharine
Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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Stadlbauer S, Rios P, Ohmori K, Suzuki K, Köhn M. Procyanidins Negatively Affect the Activity of the Phosphatases of Regenerating Liver. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134336. [PMID: 26226290 PMCID: PMC4520450 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural polyphenols like oligomeric catechins (procyanidins) derived from green tea and herbal medicines are interesting compounds for pharmaceutical research due to their ability to protect against carcinogenesis in animal models. It is nevertheless still unclear how intracellular pathways are modulated by polyphenols. Monomeric polyphenols were shown to affect the activity of some protein phosphatases (PPs). The three phosphatases of regenerating liver (PRLs) are close relatives and promising therapeutic targets in cancer. In the present study we show that several procyanidins inhibit the activity of all three members of the PRL family in the low micromolar range, whereas monomeric epicatechins show weak inhibitory activity. Increasing the number of catechin units in procyanidins to more than three does not further enhance the potency. Remarkably, the tested procyanidins showed selectivity in vitro when compared to other PPs, and over 10-fold selectivity toward PRL-1 over PRL-2 and PRL-3. As PRL overexpression induces cell migration compared to control cells, the effect of procyanidins on this phenotype was studied. Treatment with procyanidin C2 led to a decrease in cell migration of PRL-1- and PRL-3-overexpressing cells, suggesting the compound-dependent inhibition of PRL-promoted cell migration. Treatment with procyanidin B3 led to selective suppression of PRL-1 overexpressing cells, thereby corroborating the selectivity toward PRL-1- over PRL-3 in vitro. Together, our results show that procyanidins negatively affect PRL activity, suggesting that PRLs could be targets in the polypharmacology of natural polyphenols. Furthermore, they are interesting candidates for the development of PRL-1 inhibitors due to their low cellular toxicity and the selectivity within the PRL family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Stadlbauer
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
- * E-mail: (SS); (MK)
| | - Pablo Rios
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ken Ohmori
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152–8551, Japan
| | - Keisuke Suzuki
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152–8551, Japan
| | - Maja Köhn
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
- * E-mail: (SS); (MK)
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Isolation of dimeric, trimeric, tetrameric and pentameric procyanidins from unroasted cocoa beans (Theobroma cacao L.) using countercurrent chromatography. Food Chem 2015; 179:278-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.01.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Aryl N-methyliminodiacetic acid (MIDA) boronates from cyclotrimerization of ethynyl MIDA boronate with diynes. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Makabe H, Oizumi Y, Katoh M, Hattori Y, Toda K, Kawaguchi K, Fujii H. Synthesis of Procyanidins C2 and C1 Using Lewis Acid Mediated Equimolar Condensation. HETEROCYCLES 2012. [DOI: 10.3987/com-12-12526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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