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Wang B, Li M, Gao G, Sanz-Vidal A, Zheng B, Walsh PJ. Synthesis of Tryptamines from Radical Cyclization of 2-Iodoaryl Allenyl Amines and Coupling with 2-Azallyls. J Org Chem 2022; 87:8099-8103. [PMID: 35675635 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of tryptamines is developed. Indole structures were constructed using 2-iodoaryl allenyl amines as electron acceptors and radical cyclization precursors. Radical-radical coupling of indolyl methyl radicals and azaallyl radicals led to the tryptamine derivatives. The utility and versatility of this method are showcased by the synthesis of 22 examples of tryptamines in ≤88% yield. In each case, indole formation is accompanied by in situ removal of the Boc protecting group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Minyan Li
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Gui Gao
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.,Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Alvaro Sanz-Vidal
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.,Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Bing Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Patrick J Walsh
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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2
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Rong J, Jiang H, Wang S, Su Z, Wang H, Tao C. Metal-free cascade reactions of aziridines with arylalkynes and aryldiazoniums: facile access to arylazopyrrolines. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:3149-3157. [PMID: 32255448 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00346h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel and facile approach to synthesize arylazopyrroline scaffolds via metal-free cascade reactions of aziridines with arylalkynes and aryldiazoniums has been developed, providing access to a variety of 4-arylazo-2-pyrrolines in a highly concise fashion. This efficient process, which can be performed at the gram scale, enjoys operational simplicity and mild and metal-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Rong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
| | - Hao Jiang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
| | - Sijing Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
| | - Zhenni Su
- School of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
| | - Huiyan Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
| | - Chuanzhou Tao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
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3
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Bugaenko DI, Karchava AV, Yurovskaya MA. Synthesis of indoles: recent advances. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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4
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Cai Y, Gu Q, You SL. Chemoselective N–H functionalization of indole derivatives via the Reissert-type reaction catalyzed by a chiral phosphoric acid. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:6146-6154. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01863d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An asymmetric N-alkylation of indole derivatives via the Reissert-type reaction was realized in the presence of 10 mol% chiral phosphoric acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Cai
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Qing Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- China
| | - Shu-Li You
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
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5
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Bartolucci S, Mari M, Di Gregorio G, Piersanti G. Observations concerning the synthesis of tryptamine homologues and branched tryptamine derivatives via the borrowing hydrogen process: synthesis of psilocin, bufotenin, and serotonin. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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6
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Barbour PM, Wang W, Chang L, Pickard KL, Rais R, Slusher BS, Wang X. Property-Guided Synthesis of Aza-Tricyclic Indolines: Development of Gold Catalysis En Route. Adv Synth Catal 2016; 358:1482-1490. [PMID: 28360827 PMCID: PMC5367856 DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201501101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a worldwide public health threat that needs to be addressed by improved antibiotic stewardship and continuing development of new chemical entities to treat resistant bacterial infections. Compounds that work alongside known antibiotics as combination therapies offer an efficient and sustainable approach to counteract antibiotic resistance in bacteria. Guided by property-based analysis, a series of aza-tricyclic indolines (ATIs) were synthesized to optimize their physiochemical properties as novel combination therapies with β-lactams to treat methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infections. A novel and highly efficient gold-catalyzed tandem cyclization was developed to facilitate the synthesis of these ATIs. One guanidine-containing ATI was discovered to possess both improved anti-MRSA activity and lower mammalian toxicity both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, it also showed significantly enhanced aqueous solubility and metabolic stability. These results indicated that the ATIs are a novel class of anti-MRSA agents suitable for further evaluations as adjuvant therapy in animal model studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M. Barbour
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Le Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Kasey L. Pickard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Rana Rais
- Department of Neurology and Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Barbara S. Slusher
- Department of Neurology and Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
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7
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Rajasekar S, Yadagiri D, Anbarasan P. One-Pot Aminoethylation of Indoles/Pyrroles with Alkynes and Sulfonyl Azides. Chemistry 2015; 21:17079-84. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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8
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Michael Barbour P, Podoll JD, Marholz LJ, Wang X. Discovery and initial structure-activity relationships of N-benzyl tricyclic indolines as antibacterials for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:5602-5605. [PMID: 25466183 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.10.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most prevalent drug resistant bacteria. In 2012, over 11,000 fatalities in the United States were directly attributable to MRSA. In an effort to develop novel structural and mechanistic classes of antibacterial agents to fight against MRSA, we have optimized a hit compound, Of4, previously discovered in a screening campaign of a bio-inspired polycyclic indoline library previously developed in our lab. We took advantage of our concise and versatile synthetic strategy to conduct initial structure-activity relationship studies of Of4, and we now report the discovery of compound 4k as a more potent antibacterial agent against S. aureus. Compound 4k also displayed equivalent activity in four MRSA and a methicillin-susceptible strains while demonstrating an improved mammalian cytotoxicity profile compared to Of4. Interestingly, 4k shares the same tricyclic indoline core as Of1, a β-lactam-selective resistance-modifying agent, but harbors a distinct modification pattern conferring unique bioactivity. This phenomenon is reminiscent of many bioactive natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Michael Barbour
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, United States
| | - Jessica D Podoll
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, United States
| | - Laura J Marholz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, United States
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, United States.
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Melander RJ, Minvielle MJ, Melander C. Controlling bacterial behavior with indole-containing natural products and derivatives. Tetrahedron 2014; 70:6363-6372. [PMID: 25267859 PMCID: PMC4175420 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.05.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Indole has recently been implicated as an important small molecule signal utilized by many bacteria to coordinate various forms of behavior. Indole plays a role in numerous bacterial processes, including: biofilm formation and maintenance, virulence factor production, antibiotic resistance and persister cell formation. Intercepting indole-signaling pathways with appropriately designed small molecules provides a n opportunity to control unwanted bacterial behaviors, and is an attractive anti-virulence therapeutic strategy. In this review, we give an overview of the process controlled by indole signaling, and summarize current efforts to design indole-containing small molecules to intercept these pathways, and detail the synthetic efforts towards accessing indole derived bioactive small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta J. Melander
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695
| | - Marine J. Minvielle
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695
| | - Christian Melander
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695
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Fujiwara T, Seki T, Yakura T, Takeuchi Y. Useful procedures for fluorocyclization of tryptamine and tryptophol derivatives to 3a-fluoropyrrolo[2,3-b]indoles and 3a-fluorofuro[2,3-b]indoles. J Fluor Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2014.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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11
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Barbour PM, Marholz LJ, Chang L, Xu W, Wang X. Gold Approaches to Polycyclic Indole Alkaloids. CHEM LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.131230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Michael Barbour
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder
| | - Laura J. Marholz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder
| | - Le Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder
| | - Wenqing Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder
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12
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Chang L, Podoll JD, Wang W, Walls S, O'Rourke CP, Wang X. Structure-activity relationship studies of the tricyclic indoline resistance-modifying agent. J Med Chem 2014; 57:3803-17. [PMID: 24694192 PMCID: PMC4018117 DOI: 10.1021/jm500146g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Previously we discovered a tricyclic
indoline, N-[2-(6-bromo-4-methylidene-2,3,4,4a,9,9a-hexahydro-1H-carbazol-4a-yl)ethyl]-4-chlorobenzene-1-sulfonamide (1, Of1), from bioinspired synthesis of a highly diverse polycyclic
indoline alkaloid library, that selectively resensitizes methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains to β-lactam antibiotics.
Herein, we report a thorough structure–activity relationship
investigation of 1, which identified regions of 1 that tolerate modifications without compromising activity
and afforded the discovery of a more potent analogue with reduced
mammalian toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder , Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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13
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SnCl4 mediated synthesis of γ-amino ketones derivatives via the ring-opening reaction of 4,5-dihydropyrroles. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Bio-inspired synthesis yields a tricyclic indoline that selectively resensitizes methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) to β-lactam antibiotics. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:15573-8. [PMID: 24019472 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1310459110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The continuous emergence of resistant bacteria has become a major worldwide health threat. The current development of new antibacterials has lagged far behind. To discover reagents to fight against resistant bacteria, we initiated a chemical approach by synthesizing and screening a small molecule library, reminiscent of the polycyclic indole alkaloids. Indole alkaloids are a class of structurally diverse natural products, many of which were isolated from plants that have been used as traditional medicine for millennia. Specifically, we adapted an evolutionarily conserved biosynthetic strategy and developed a concise and unified diversity synthesis pathway. Using this pathway, we synthesized 120 polycyclic indolines that contain 26 distinct skeletons and a wide variety of functional groups. A tricyclic indoline, Of1, was discovered to selectively potentiate the activity of β-lactam antibiotics in multidrug-resistant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), but not in methicillin-sensitive S. aureus. In addition, we found that Of1 itself does not have antiproliferative activity but can resensitize several MRSA strains to the β-lactam antibiotics that are widely used in the clinic, such as an extended-spectrum β-lactam antibiotic amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and a first-generation cephalosporin cefazolin. These data suggest that Of1 is a unique selective resistance-modifying agent for β-lactam antibiotics, and it may be further developed to fight against resistant bacteria in the clinic.
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15
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Kobayashi K, Yamane K, Fukamachi S. Synthesis of 2,N,N-Trisubstituted 1H-Indole-1-carbothioamides from 2-(Acylmethyl)phenyl Isocyanides. Helv Chim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201200236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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16
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Righi M, Topi F, Bartolucci S, Bedini A, Piersanti G, Spadoni G. Synthesis of tryptamine derivatives via a direct, one-pot reductive alkylation of indoles. J Org Chem 2012; 77:6351-7. [PMID: 22724919 DOI: 10.1021/jo3010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An efficient, one-pot reductive alkylation of indoles with N-protected aminoethyl acetals in the presence of TES/TFA is reported. It represents the first general method for the direct synthesis of tryptamine derivatives from indoles and nitrogen-functionalized acetals. This convergent and versatile approach employs safe and inexpensive reagents, proceeds under mild conditions, and tolerates several functional groups. The new procedure was efficiently applied to a gram-scale synthesis of both luzindole, a reference MT2-selective melatonin receptor antagonist, and melatonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Righi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino, Piazza Rinascimento 6, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Shiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alzahra University, Vanak, Tehran, Iran.
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