1
|
Mao J, Li S, Yun L, Zhang M. Structural Identification and Antioxidant Activity of Loach Protein Enzymatic Hydrolysates. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114391. [PMID: 37298867 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Loach, rich in nutrients, such as proteins, amino acids, and mineral elements, is being gradually favored by consumers. Therefore, in this study, the antioxidant activity and structural characteristics of loach peptides were comprehensively analyzed. The loach protein (LAP) with a molecular weight between 150 and 3000 Da was graded by ultrafiltration and nanofiltration processes, which exhibited excellent scavenging activity against DPPH radical (IC50 2.91 ± 0.02 mg/mL), hydroxyl radical (IC50 9.95 ± 0.03 mg/mL), and superoxide anion radical (IC50 13.67 ± 0.33 mg/mL). Additionally, LAP was purified by gel filtration chromatography, and two principal components (named as LAP-I and LAP-II) were isolated. A total of 582 and 672 peptides were identified in LAP-I and LAP-II, respectively, through structural analysis. The XRD results revealed that LAP-I and LAP-II had an irregular amorphous structure. The 2D-NMR spectroscopy results suggested that LAP-I had a compact stretch conformation in the D2O solution, while LAP-II had a folded conformation. Overall, the study results suggested that loach peptide could be a potential antioxidant agent and might provide valuable information for chain conformation and antioxidant mechanism research further.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinrong Mao
- China-Russia Agricultural Processing Joint Laboratory, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Shunqin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Liyuan Yun
- China-Russia Agricultural Processing Joint Laboratory, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Min Zhang
- China-Russia Agricultural Processing Joint Laboratory, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Biondi B, Cardena R, Bisello A, Schiesari R, Cerveson L, Facci M, Rancan M, Formaggio F, Santi S. Flat, Ferrocenyl‐Conjugated Peptides: A Combined Electrochemical and Spectroscopic Study. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Biondi
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry Padova Unit, CNR via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Roberta Cardena
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Annalisa Bisello
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Renato Schiesari
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Laura Cerveson
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Martino Facci
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Marzio Rancan
- Institute of Condensed Matter Chemistry and Technologies for Energy (ICMATE), CNR Via Marzolo, 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Fernando Formaggio
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry Padova Unit, CNR via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Saverio Santi
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Santi S, Bisello A, Cardena R, Tomelleri S, Schiesari R, Biondi B, Crisma M, Formaggio F. Flat, C α,β -Didehydroalanine Foldamers with Ferrocene Pendants: Assessing the Role of α-Peptide Dipolar Moments. Chempluschem 2021; 86:723-730. [PMID: 33825347 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202100072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The foldamer field is continuously expanding as it allows to produce molecules endowed with 3D-structures and functions never observed in nature. We synthesized flat foldamers based on the natural, but non-coded, Cα,β -didehydroalanine α-amino acid, and covalently linked to them two ferrocene (Fc) moieties, as redox probes. These conjugates retain the flat and extended conformation of the 2.05 -helix, both in solution and in the crystal state (X-ray diffraction). Cyclic voltammetry measurements agree with the adoption of the 2.05 -helix, characterized by a negligible dipole moment. Thus, elongated α-peptide stretches of this type are insulators rather than charge conductors, the latter being constituted by peptide α-helices. Also, our homo-tetrapeptide has a N-to-C length of about 18.2 Å, almost double than that (9.7 Å) of an α-helical α-tetrapeptide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saverio Santi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Annalisa Bisello
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Roberta Cardena
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Silvia Tomelleri
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Renato Schiesari
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Barbara Biondi
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Padova Unit, CNR, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Crisma
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Padova Unit, CNR, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Fernando Formaggio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Padova Unit, CNR, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ueda A, Ikeda M, Kasae T, Doi M, Demizu Y, Oba M, Tanaka M. Synthesis of Chiral α‐Trifluoromethyl α,α‐Disubstituted α‐Amino Acids and Conformational Analysis of L‐Leu‐Based Peptides with (
R
)‐ or (
S
)‐α‐Trifluoromethylalanine. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202002888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Ueda
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki University Nagasaki 852-8521 Japan
| | - Misuzu Ikeda
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki University Nagasaki 852-8521 Japan
| | - Takuya Kasae
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki University Nagasaki 852-8521 Japan
| | - Mitsunobu Doi
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences Osaka 569-1094 Japan
| | - Yosuke Demizu
- Division of Organic Chemistry National Institute of Health Sciences Kawasaki 210 9501 Japan
| | - Makoto Oba
- Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Kyoto 606-0823 Japan
| | - Masakazu Tanaka
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki University Nagasaki 852-8521 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Marafon G, Crisma M, Moretto A. Tunable E- Z Photoisomerization in α,β-Peptide Foldamers Featuring Multiple ( E/ Z)-3-Aminoprop-2-enoic Acid Units. Org Lett 2019; 21:4182-4186. [PMID: 31090420 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Systems in which an external stimulus elicits a response through some sort of modification at the molecular or supramolecular level bear potential for the development of smart materials and devices. This work describes a versatile synthetic approach suitable for the stepwise incorporation of multiple, even consecutive, units of the simplest Cα,β-unsaturated β-amino acid, ( E/ Z)-3-aminoprop-2-enoic acid, in peptide-based foldamers. The properties of these, including photoinduced E/ Z isomerizations, were investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Marafon
- Department of Chemical Sciences , University of Padova , 35131 Padova , Italy
| | - Marco Crisma
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry , Padova Unit, CNR , 35131 Padova , Italy
| | - Alessandro Moretto
- Department of Chemical Sciences , University of Padova , 35131 Padova , Italy.,Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry , Padova Unit, CNR , 35131 Padova , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
De Zotti M, Clayden J. Extended Diethylglycine Homopeptides Formed by Desulfurization of Their Tetrahydrothiopyran Analogues. Org Lett 2019; 21:2209-2212. [PMID: 30859838 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Diethylglycine (Deg) homopeptides adopt the rare 2.05-helical conformation, the longest three-dimensional structure that a peptide of a given sequence can adopt. Despite this unique conformational feature, Deg is rarely used in peptide design because of its poor reactivity. In this paper, we show that reductive desulfurization of oligomers formed from more reactive tetrahydrothiopyran-containing precursors provides a practical way to build the longest Deg homopeptides so far made, and we detail some conformational studies of the Deg oligomers and their heterocyclic precursors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta De Zotti
- Department of Chemistry , University of Padova , Via Marzolo 1 , 35131 Padova , Italy
| | - Jonathan Clayden
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Cantock's Close , Bristol BS8 1TS , U.K
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Crisma M, Formaggio F, Alemán C, Torras J, Ramakrishnan C, Kalmankar N, Balaram P, Toniolo C. The fully‐extended conformation in peptides and proteins. Pept Sci (Hoboken) 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.23100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Crisma
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Padova Unit, CNRPadova35131 Italy
| | - Fernando Formaggio
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Padova Unit, CNRPadova35131 Italy
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of PadovaPadova35131 Italy
| | - Carlos Alemán
- Departament d'Enginyeria QuímicaEEBE, Universitat Politècnica de CatalunyaBarcelona08019 Spain
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and EngineeringUniversitat Politècnica de CatalunyaBarcelona08019 Spain
| | - Joan Torras
- Departament d'Enginyeria QuímicaEEBE, Universitat Politècnica de CatalunyaBarcelona08019 Spain
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and EngineeringUniversitat Politècnica de CatalunyaBarcelona08019 Spain
| | | | - Neha Kalmankar
- National Centre for Biological Sciences (TIFR), GKVK CampusBangalore560065 India
| | | | - Claudio Toniolo
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Padova Unit, CNRPadova35131 Italy
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of PadovaPadova35131 Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Crisma M, Peggion C, Moretto A, Banerjee R, Supakar S, Formaggio F, Toniolo C. The 2.0₅-helix in hetero-oligopeptides entirely composed of C(α,α)-disubstituted glycines with both side chains longer than methyls. Biopolymers 2016; 102:145-58. [PMID: 24307568 DOI: 10.1002/bip.22450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Revised: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The existence of the very uncommon, but potentially quite interesting, multiple, consecutive fully-extended conformation (2.0₅-helix) has been already clearly demonstrated in homo-oligopeptides based on quaternary α-amino acids with both side chains longer than methyls, but not cyclized on the α-carbon atom. To extend the scope of this research, in this work we investigated the occurrence of this flat 3D-structure in hetero-oligopeptides, each composed of two or three different residues of that class. The synthesis of a terminally protected peptide series to the tetrapeptide level was carried out by solution methods. The resulting oligomers were chemically and conformationally characterized. The data obtained point to an overwhelming population of the fully-extended conformation in CDCl3. However, a solvent-driven switch to a predominant 3₁₀-helical structure was seen in CD3CN. A delicate, local balance between these two conformations is confirmed to occur in the crystalline state. Molecular dynamics simulations in CHCl3 on a hetero-tetrapeptide converged to the fully-extended conformation even starting from the 3₁₀-helical structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Crisma
- Department of Chemistry, ICB, Padova Unit, CNR, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Peggion C, Moretto A, Formaggio F, Crisma M, Toniolo C. Multiple, consecutive, fully-extended 2.0₅-helix peptide conformation. Biopolymers 2016; 100:621-36. [PMID: 23893391 DOI: 10.1002/bip.22267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The peptide 2.0(5)-helix does exist. It has been experimentally authenticated both in the crystalline state (by X-ray diffraction) and in solution (by several spectroscopic techniques). It is the most common conformation for C(α)-tetrasubstituted α-amino acids with at least two atoms in each side chain, provided that cyclization on the C(α)-atom is absent. X-Ray diffraction has allowed a detailed description of its geometrical and three-dimensional (3D)-structural features. The infrared absorption and the nuclear magnetic resonance parameters characteristics of this multiple, consecutive, fully-extended structure have been described. Conformational energy calculations are in agreement with the experimental findings. As the contribution per amino acid residue to the length of this helix is the longest possible, its exploitation as a molecular spacer is quite promising. However, it is a rather fragile 3D-structure and particularly sensitive to solvent polarity. Interestingly, in such a case, it may reversibly convert to the much shorter 3(10)-helix, thus generating an attractive molecular spring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Peggion
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, CNR, Padova Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hirata T, Ueda A, Oba M, Doi M, Demizu Y, Kurihara M, Nagano M, Suemune H, Tanaka M. Amino equatorial effect of a six-membered ring amino acid on its peptide 310- and α-helices. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.02.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
11
|
Oba M, Takazaki H, Kawabe N, Doi M, Demizu Y, Kurihara M, Kawakubo H, Nagano M, Suemune H, Tanaka M. Helical Peptide-Foldamers Having a Chiral Five-Membered Ring Amino Acid with Two Azido Functional Groups. J Org Chem 2014; 79:9125-40. [DOI: 10.1021/jo501493x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Oba
- Graduate
School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bukyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Hiroomi Takazaki
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Naomi Kawabe
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Mitsunobu Doi
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
| | - Yosuke Demizu
- Division
of Organic Chemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kurihara
- Division
of Organic Chemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Hiromu Kawakubo
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Saitama 362-0806, Japan
| | - Masanobu Nagano
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Suemune
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masakazu Tanaka
- Graduate
School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bukyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Formaggio F, Crisma M, Toniolo C, Peggion C. All-Thioamidated Homo-α-Peptides: Synthesis and Conformation. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
13
|
Casanovas J, Revilla-López G, Crisma M, Toniolo C, Alemán C. Factors Governing the Conformational Tendencies of Cα-Ethylated α-Amino Acids: Chirality and Side-Chain Size Effects. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:13297-307. [DOI: 10.1021/jp3045115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Casanovas
- Departament
de Química, Escola Politècnica Superior, Universitat de Lleida, 25001 Lleida, Spain
| | - Guillermo Revilla-López
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química,
E. T. S. d’Enginyeria Industrial de Barcelona, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08028
Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marco Crisma
- ICB, Padova
Unit, CNR, Department of Chemistry, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Claudio Toniolo
- ICB, Padova
Unit, CNR, Department of Chemistry, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Carlos Alemán
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química,
E. T. S. d’Enginyeria Industrial de Barcelona, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08028
Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Research in Nano-Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|