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Sarkar B, Mahapa A, Dey K, Manhas R, Chatterji D, Jayaraman N. Aza-Michael promoted glycoconjugation of PETIM dendrimers and selectivity in mycobacterial growth inhibitions. RSC Adv 2023; 13:4669-4677. [PMID: 36760308 PMCID: PMC9897202 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra08196b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The benign nature of aza-Michael addition reaction in aqueous solutions is demonstrated herein to conduct a direct glycoconjugation of amine-terminated poly(ether imine) (PETIM) dendrimers. Zero to three generations of dendrimers, possessing up to 16 amine functionalities at their peripheries, undergo aza-Michael reaction with unsaturated sugar vinyl sulfoxide in aq. MeOH solutions and afford the corresponding dendrimers modified with multiple glycosyl moieties at the periphery. First order kinetics of the glycoconjugation is monitored at varying temperatures and the rate constants are observed to be 60-508 s-1, for zero and first generation dendrimers. The antibacterial effects of amine-terminated dendrimers and the corresponding glycoconjugates are studied across Gram-positive, Gram-negative and acid-fast bacteria. Among the species, M. smegmatis and M. tuberculosis showed the greatest growth inhibition effect at micromolar concentrations, for the native amine-terminated and the corresponding glycoconjugated dendrimers. Quantitative assays are performed to adjudge the inhibition efficacies of dendrimers and the glycoconjugates. Selectivity to inhibit M. smegmatis and M. tuberculosis growth, and minimal effects on other bacterial species by dendrimers and glycoconjugates are emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Sarkar
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560 012 India
| | - Avisek Mahapa
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560 012 India
- Infectious Disease Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Jammu-180001 India
| | - Kalyan Dey
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560 012 India
| | - Rakshit Manhas
- Infectious Disease Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Jammu-180001 India
| | - Dipankar Chatterji
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560 012 India
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Sarkar B, Pramanik T, Jayaraman N. Cyclic Disaccharide Formation Enforced by a Ring Contraction: 2,3-Dideoxy Pyranoside Glycoside Donor to a Furanoside Macrocycle. J Org Chem 2023; 88:670-674. [PMID: 36484560 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a disaccharide macrocycle through 2,3-dideoxy glucopyranosyl monosaccharide is reported. 2,3-Dideoxy-erythro-hexopyranosyl thioglycoside possessing a free hydroxy functionality at the C-4 carbon is prepared, and cycloglycosylation is conducted. In the event, the cycloglycosylation occurs with a ring contraction of the monosaccharide moiety and affords the cyclic furanoside disaccharide. Solution-phase and single-crystal X-ray diffraction structural characterizations permit the features of the macrocycle to be uncovered. The solubilization and encapsulation properties of the macrocycle are studied in aqueous solutions with 1-aminoadamantane.
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Jayaraman N. Display of Rich Reactivities of Endo- and Exocyclic Unsaturated Sugars that Parallel the Native Sugars. CHEM REC 2021; 21:3049-3062. [PMID: 33960656 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Unsaturated monosaccharides expand the scope of reactivities in a sugar, directly leading to the development of newer methodologies, molecular structures and functional entities. The unsaturation as a reactive moiety can either be within the molecule, namely, endocyclic, or as a pendant moiety around the molecule, namely, exocyclic. One carbon homologations aided by reactions at the unsaturated moiety expand the molecular structures in both endo- and exocyclic sugars and lead to structures that are largely hitherto unknown. Molecular shifts and rearrangements permit interchanging the reactivities from one carbon to the other in unsaturated sugars. Activations of exocyclic unsaturated sugars also find newer possibilities to reactions central to the sugar chemistry, namely, the glycosylations. The personal reflections result from a couple of decades of explorations that traverse through the unsaturated sugars from different vantage points.
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Sarkar B, Jayaraman N. Glycoconjugations of Biomolecules by Chemical Methods. Front Chem 2020; 8:570185. [PMID: 33330359 PMCID: PMC7672192 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.570185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioconjugations under benign aqueous conditions have the most promise to covalently link carbohydrates onto chosen molecular and macromolecular scaffolds. Chemical methodologies relying on C-C and C-heteroatom bond formations are the methods of choice, coupled with the reaction conditions being under aqueous milieu. A number of methods, including metal-mediated, as well as metal-free azide-alkyne cyclo-addition, photocatalyzed thiol-ene reaction, amidation, reductive amination, disulfide bond formation, conjugate addition, nucleophilic addition to vinyl sulfones and vinyl sulfoxides, native chemical ligation, Staudinger ligation, olefin metathesis, and Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling reactions have been developed, in efforts to conduct glycoconjugation of chosen molecular and biomolecular structures. Within these, many methods require pre-functionalization of the scaffolds, whereas methods that do not require such pre-functionalization continue to be few and far between. The compilation covers synthetic methodology development for carbohydrate conjugation onto biomolecular and biomacromolecular scaffolds. The importance of such glycoconjugations on the functional properties is also covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Sarkar
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
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Yan Z, Zhao C, Gong J, Yang Z. Asymmetric Total Synthesis of (−)-Guignardones A and B. Org Lett 2020; 22:1644-1647. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chunbo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jianxian Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Sarkar B, Mahapa A, Chatterji D, Jayaraman N. Sugar Vinyl Sulfoxide Glycoconjugation of Peptides and Lysozyme: Abrogation of Proteolysis at the Lysine Sites. Biochemistry 2019; 58:3561-3565. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.9b00436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Saint-Dizier F, Simpkins NS. First total synthesis of concavine. Chem Sci 2017; 8:3384-3389. [PMID: 28507709 PMCID: PMC5416908 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc05627j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of the unusual alkaloid concavine, isolated from Clitocybe concava (Basidiomycetae), has been accomplished. The synthetic route features regio- and stereoselective manipulation of polycyclic imide intermediates via enolate substitution and Grignard addition, along with a key bridge-forming step involving a new method for sulfenylative radical cyclisation. The NMR data for synthetic concavine demonstrate that the original data reported for the natural product refer to the derived acetic acid salt, probably formed as an artefact of isolation or purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Saint-Dizier
- School of Chemistry , University of Birmingham , Edgbaston , Birmingham , B15 2TT , UK .
| | - Nigel S Simpkins
- School of Chemistry , University of Birmingham , Edgbaston , Birmingham , B15 2TT , UK .
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Rafiq SM, Sivasakthikumaran R, Mohanakrishnan AK. Lewis Acid/Brönsted Acid Mediated Benz-Annulation of Thiophenes and Electron-Rich Arenes. Org Lett 2014; 16:2720-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol501006t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Settu Muhamad Rafiq
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
School of Chemical Sciences, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramakrishnan Sivasakthikumaran
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
School of Chemical Sciences, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arasambattu K Mohanakrishnan
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
School of Chemical Sciences, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
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Hussain H, Al-Harrasi A, Green IR, Ahmed I, Abbas G, Rehman NU. meta-Chloroperbenzoic acid (mCPBA): a versatile reagent in organic synthesis. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra45702h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This review aims to collect and discuss the synthetic applications of meta-chloroperbenzoic acid (mCPBA) over the past few decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidayat Hussain
- UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products
- University of Nizwa
- Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Paderborn
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products
- University of Nizwa
- Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ivan R. Green
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science
- University of Stellenbosch
- , South Africa
| | - Ishtiaq Ahmed
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- DFG Centre for Functional Nanostructures
- 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ghulam Abbas
- UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products
- University of Nizwa
- Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Najeeb Ur Rehman
- UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products
- University of Nizwa
- Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
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Dey D, Bhaumik A, Pathak T. Vinyl sulfone- and vinyl sulfoxide-modified tetrahydrofurans: a preliminary account of the enantiomeric synthesis of and diastereoselectivity of addition to new classes of Michael acceptors. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.07.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Facial selectivities in the nucleophilic additions of 2,3-unsaturated 3-arylsulfinyl pyranosides. Carbohydr Res 2013; 380:51-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2013.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Revised: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Moynihan HA, Hayes JA, Eccles KS, Coles SJ, Lawrence SE. Hydrogen bonding in crystal forms of primary amide functionalised glucose and cellobiose. Carbohydr Res 2013; 374:29-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2013.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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