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Liang S, Sun C, Yang P, Ma P, Huang S, Cheng Z, Yu X, Lin J. Core-shell structured upconversion nanocrystal-dendrimer composite as a carrier for mitochondria targeting and catalase enhanced anti-cancer photodynamic therapy. Biomaterials 2020; 240:119850. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.119850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Kretzmann JA, Evans CW, Moses C, Sorolla A, Kretzmann AL, Wang E, Ho D, Hackett MJ, Dessauvagie BF, Smith NM, Redfern AD, Waryah C, Norret M, Iyer KS, Blancafort P. Tumour suppression by targeted intravenous non-viral CRISPRa using dendritic polymers. Chem Sci 2019; 10:7718-7727. [PMID: 31588320 PMCID: PMC6761875 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc01432b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This article demonstrates a fully synthetic strategy enabling CRISPR-mediated activation of tumour suppressor genes in vivo to reduce tumour burden.
Aberrant gene expression is a hallmark of cancer. Although transcription is traditionally considered ‘undruggable’, the development of CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) systems offers enormous potential to rectify cancer-associated transcriptional abnormalities in malignant cells. However delivery of this technology presents a critical challenge to overcome in order to realize clinical translation for cancer therapy. In this article we demonstrate for the first time, a fully synthetic strategy to enable CRISPR-mediated activation (CRISPRa) of tumour suppressor genes in vivo using a targeted intravenous approach. We show this via highly efficient transcriptional activation of two model tumour suppressor genes, Mammary Serine Protease Inhibitor (MASPIN, SERPINB5) and cysteine-rich 61/connective tissue growth factor/nephroblastoma-overexpressed 6 (CCN6, WISP3), in a mouse model of breast cancer. In particular, we demonstrate that targeted intravenous delivery of can be achieved using a novel nanoscale dendritic macromolecular delivery agent, with negligible toxicity and long lasting therapeutic effects, outlining a targeted effective formulation with potential to treat aggressive malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Kretzmann
- School of Molecular Sciences , The University of Western Australia , 35 Stirling Hwy , Crawley , WA 6009 , Australia . .,Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research , 6 Verdun St , Nedlands , WA 6009 , Australia .
| | - Cameron W Evans
- School of Molecular Sciences , The University of Western Australia , 35 Stirling Hwy , Crawley , WA 6009 , Australia .
| | - Colette Moses
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research , 6 Verdun St , Nedlands , WA 6009 , Australia . .,School of Human Sciences , The University of Western Australia , 35 Stirling Hwy , Crawley , WA 6009 , Australia
| | - Anabel Sorolla
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research , 6 Verdun St , Nedlands , WA 6009 , Australia .
| | - Amy L Kretzmann
- School of Molecular Sciences , The University of Western Australia , 35 Stirling Hwy , Crawley , WA 6009 , Australia .
| | - Edina Wang
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research , 6 Verdun St , Nedlands , WA 6009 , Australia .
| | - Diwei Ho
- School of Molecular Sciences , The University of Western Australia , 35 Stirling Hwy , Crawley , WA 6009 , Australia .
| | - Mark J Hackett
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces , Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute , Department of Chemistry , Curtin University , Bentley , WA 6845 , Australia
| | - Benjamin F Dessauvagie
- Anatomical Pathology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine , Fiona Stanley Hospital , Murdoch , WA , Australia.,School of Medicine , The University of Western Australia , Crawley , WA , Australia
| | - Nicole M Smith
- School of Molecular Sciences , The University of Western Australia , 35 Stirling Hwy , Crawley , WA 6009 , Australia .
| | - Andrew D Redfern
- School of Medicine , The University of Western Australia , Crawley , WA , Australia
| | - Charlene Waryah
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research , 6 Verdun St , Nedlands , WA 6009 , Australia .
| | - Marck Norret
- School of Molecular Sciences , The University of Western Australia , 35 Stirling Hwy , Crawley , WA 6009 , Australia .
| | - K Swaminathan Iyer
- School of Molecular Sciences , The University of Western Australia , 35 Stirling Hwy , Crawley , WA 6009 , Australia .
| | - Pilar Blancafort
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research , 6 Verdun St , Nedlands , WA 6009 , Australia .
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: An update for 2013-2014. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2018; 37:353-491. [PMID: 29687922 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This review is the eighth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2014. Topics covered in the first part of the review include general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation, and arrays. The second part of the review is devoted to applications to various structural types such as oligo- and poly- saccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides, and biopharmaceuticals. Much of this material is presented in tabular form. The third part of the review covers medical and industrial applications of the technique, studies of enzyme reactions, and applications to chemical synthesis. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 37:353-491, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, United Kingdom
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