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Handore KL, Lu H, Park H, Xiong Q, Batey RA. Synthesis of N-Hydroxysuccinimide Esters, N-Acylsaccharins, and Activated Esters from Carboxylic Acids Using I 2/PPh 3. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 38805361 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
A method for the syntheses of isolable, active esters is described in which carboxylic acids are treated with triphenylphosphine, iodine, and triethylamine. Active esters accessible in this way include N-hydroxysuccinimide esters, N-hydroxyphthalimide esters (N-(acyloxy)phthalimides), N-acylsaccharins, pentafluorophenol esters, pentachlorophenol esters, N-hydroxybenzotriazole esters, and hexafluoro-2-propanol esters. The approach can be similarly applied toward the formation of N-acylsaccharins and N-acylimidazoles. The method is suitable for the formation of isolable active esters of aromatic and aliphatic activated acids as well as α-amino acid derivatives. These products are widely used reagents in organic synthesis, peptide synthesis, medicinal chemistry, and chemical biology (e.g., for bioconjugations). The method has broad substrate scope, uses simple and inexpensive reagents, avoids the use of carbodiimides or other coupling agents, and occurs at room temperature. Additionally, the diastereomers of compound Boc-Ala-NHCHPh are demonstrated to be distinguishable by 1H NMR (in DMSO-d6), allowing for a straightforward NMR method to establish the degree of racemization of activated esters of Boc-Ala or amide bond formations using Boc-Ala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishor L Handore
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Heyuan Lu
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Hyeongbin Park
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Qingyu Xiong
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Robert A Batey
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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2
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Copper(II)-β-cyclodextrin immobilized on graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets as a highly effective catalyst for tandem oxidative amidation of benzylic alcohols. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2331. [PMID: 35149698 PMCID: PMC8837611 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05363-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, an efficient catalyst based on graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (CN) and copper(II) supported β-cyclodextrin (β-CD/Cu(II)) was synthesized and used for tandem oxidative amidation of benzylic alcohols. In this regard, CN was functionalized by β-CD/Cu(II) via 1,3-dibromopropane linker (CN-Pr-β-CD/Cu(II)). The prepared catalyst was characterized using FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM, EDS, TGA, ICP-OES, BET, and TEM analyses. CN-Pr-β-CD/Cu(II) was subsequently applied in a direct oxidative amidation reaction and it was observed that different benzyl alcohols were converted to desire amides with good to excellent efficiency. This reaction was performed in the presence of amine hydrochloride salts, tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP), and Ca2CO3 in acetonitrile (CH3CN) under nitrogen atmosphere. CN-Pr-β-CD/Cu(II) can be recycled and reused five times without significant reduction in reaction efficiency.
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3
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Cho S, Lee Y, Lee K, Lee H, Lee Y, Jung B. Synthesis of alkynamides through reaction of alkyl- or aryl-substituted alkynylaluminums with isocyanates. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 20:139-151. [PMID: 34874041 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01990b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and facile method for the preparation of alkynamides through Et3N-catalyzed alumination of alkyl- or aryl-substituted terminal alkynes with AlMe3 and sequential nucleophilic addition of in situ generated alkynylaluminums to isocyanates is described. This method has the merits of using readily available isocyanates and monosubstituted alkynes, easy access to organoaluminums, short reaction times, and high efficiency. A gram-scale synthesis of the desired alkynamide and its application to the formation of α-methylene-β-lactams demonstrates the synthetic utility of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soohong Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yeonjoo Lee
- Department of Emerging Materials Science, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyeongmin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hwiwoong Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yunmi Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byunghyuck Jung
- Department of Emerging Materials Science, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Catalytic and non-catalytic amidation of carboxylic acid substrates. Mol Divers 2021; 26:1311-1344. [PMID: 34120303 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-021-10252-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The present review offers an apt summary of amide bond formation with carboxylic acid substrates by taking advantage of several methods. Carboxamides can be regarded as a substantial part of organic and medicinal chemistry due to their utility in synthesizing peptides, lactams, and more than 25% of familiar drugs. Moreover, they play a leading role in the synthesis of bioactive products with anticancer, antifungal, and antibacterial properties. The data are arranged based on the type and amount of reagents used to conduct amidation and are also divided into the following categories: catalytic amidation of carboxylic acids, non-catalytic amidation, and transamidation.
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5
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Du Y, Barber T, Lim SE, Rzepa HS, Baxendale IR, Whiting A. A solid-supported arylboronic acid catalyst for direct amidation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:2916-2919. [PMID: 30785133 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc09913h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
An efficient heterogeneous amidation catalyst has been prepared by co-polymerisation of styrene, DVB with 4-styreneboronic acid, which shows wide substrate applicability and higher reactivity than the equivalent homogeneous phenylboronic acid, suggesting potential cooperative catalytic effects. The catalyst can be easily recovered and reused; suitable for use in packed bed flow reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Du
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Science Laboratories, South Road, Durham, DH1 3QZ, UK.
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6
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Braddock DC, Lickiss PD, Rowley BC, Pugh D, Purnomo T, Santhakumar G, Fussell SJ. Tetramethyl Orthosilicate (TMOS) as a Reagent for Direct Amidation of Carboxylic Acids. Org Lett 2018; 20:950-953. [PMID: 29394071 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b03841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Tetramethyl orthosilicate (TMOS) is shown to be an effective reagent for direct amidation of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acids with amines and anilines. The amide products are obtained in good to quantitative yields in pure form directly after workup without the need for any further purification. A silyl ester as the putative activated intermediate is observed by NMR methods. Amidations on a 1 mol scale are demonstrated with a favorable process mass intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Christopher Braddock
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London , South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Paul D Lickiss
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London , South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Ben C Rowley
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London , South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - David Pugh
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London , South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Teresa Purnomo
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London , South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Gajan Santhakumar
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London , South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
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7
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Häring AP, Biallas P, Kirsch SF. An Unconventional Reaction of 2,2-Diazido Acylacetates with Amines. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201601625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas P. Häring
- Organic Chemistry; Bergische Universität Wuppertal; Gaußstraße 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
| | - Phillip Biallas
- Organic Chemistry; Bergische Universität Wuppertal; Gaußstraße 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
| | - Stefan F. Kirsch
- Organic Chemistry; Bergische Universität Wuppertal; Gaußstraße 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
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8
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Li Z, Gelbaum C, Campbell ZS, Gould PC, Fisk JS, Holden B, Jaganathan A, Whiteker GT, Pollet P, Liotta CL. Pd-Catalyzed Suzuki coupling reactions of aryl halides containing basic nitrogen centers with arylboronic acids in water in the absence of added base. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj03567e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Successful Suzuki reactions of basic nitrogen containing aryl chlorides/bromides with arylboronic acids in water without added base, partially or entirely under acidic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Li
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Carol Gelbaum
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Zachary S. Campbell
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Paul C. Gould
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Pamela Pollet
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Charles L. Liotta
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
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9
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Li Z, Gelbaum C, Fisk JS, Holden B, Jaganathan A, Whiteker GT, Pollet P, Liotta CL. Aqueous Suzuki Coupling Reactions of Basic Nitrogen-Containing Substrates in the Absence of Added Base and Ligand: Observation of High Yields under Acidic Conditions. J Org Chem 2016; 81:8520-9. [PMID: 27559749 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of aqueous heterogeneous Suzuki coupling reactions of substrates containing basic nitrogen centers with phenylboronic acid in the absence of added base and ligand is presented. High yields of products were obtained by employing aryl bromides containing aliphatic 1°, 2°, and 3° amine substituents, and good to high yields were obtained by employing a variety of substituted bromopyridines. In the former series, the pH of the aqueous phase changed from basic to acidic during the course of the reaction, while in the latter series the aqueous phase was on the acidic side of the pH scale throughout the entire course of reaction. A mechanistic interpretation for these observations, which generally preserves the oxo palladium catalytic cycle widely accepted in the literature, is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Li
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Carol Gelbaum
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Jason S Fisk
- The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Bruce Holden
- The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | | | | | - Pamela Pollet
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Charles L Liotta
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States.,School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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10
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Phakhodee W, Duangkamol C, Pattarawarapan M. Ph3P-I2 mediated aryl esterification with a mechanistic insight. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.03.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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11
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Ma Y, Lai G, Li Z, Tan W, Shen Y, Wang C. Two sensors based on π-extended TTF: synthesis and high selectivity for copper(II). Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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12
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Arai T, Kojima T, Watanabe O, Itoh T, Kanoh H. Recyclable Poly-Zn3(OAc)4-3,3′-Bis(aminoimino)binaphthoxide Catalyst for Asymmetric Iodolactonization. ChemCatChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201500842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takayoshi Arai
- Molecular Chirality Research Center; Synthetic Organic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi, Inage Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Takahiro Kojima
- Molecular Chirality Research Center; Synthetic Organic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi, Inage Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Ohji Watanabe
- Molecular Chirality Research Center; Synthetic Organic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi, Inage Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Tsutomu Itoh
- Center for Analytical Instrumentation; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi, Inage Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kanoh
- Molecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi, Inage Chiba 263-8522 Japan
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13
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Rouhi-Saadabad H, Akhlaghinia B. A One-Pot, fast, and efficient amidation of carboxylic acids, α-amino acids and sulfonic acids using pph 3/ n-chlorobenzotriazole system. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2015.1024313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Rouhi-Saadabad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Batool Akhlaghinia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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14
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Wangngae S, Duangkamol C, Pattarawarapan M, Phakhodee W. Significance of reagent addition sequence in the amidation of carboxylic acids mediated by PPh3 and I2. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra03184b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The outcome of the amidation reaction mediated by PPh3–I2 was found to be highly dependent on the addition sequence of the reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirilak Wangngae
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Chiang Mai University
- Chiang Mai 50200
- Thailand
| | - Chuthamat Duangkamol
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Chiang Mai University
- Chiang Mai 50200
- Thailand
| | - Mookda Pattarawarapan
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Chiang Mai University
- Chiang Mai 50200
- Thailand
| | - Wong Phakhodee
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Chiang Mai University
- Chiang Mai 50200
- Thailand
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15
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Yıldırım A. Metallic magnesium: an efficient catalyst toward N-aryl and N-alkyl substituted amides directly from aliphatic carboxylic acids. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-014-1387-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Wu X, Fan W, Pan Y, Zhai Y, Niu Y, Li C, Mei Q. Synthesis, crystal structure and anti-fatigue effects of some benzamide derivatives. Molecules 2014; 19:1034-46. [PMID: 24441653 PMCID: PMC6271547 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19011034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Revised: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of benzamide derivatives such as 1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylcarbonyl) piperidine (1-BCP) were synthesized by the reaction of substituted benzoic acids with piperidine, morpholine or pyrrolidine using a novel method. The crystals of these benzamide derivatives were obtained by recrystallization. Structures of target and intermediate compounds were determined via FT-IR, 1H-NMR and elemental analysis and X-ray crystallography of select examples. The crystal structures of these compounds have potential applications to identify the binding site for allosteric modulators of the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA) receptor. The anti-fatigue effects of the benzamide derivatives in weight-loaded forced swimming mice were investigated in a swimming endurance capacity test used as an indicator of fatigue. The swimming times to exhaustion were longer in the b3, d3, and e3 groups than in the caffeine group (p<0.05). In conclusion, b3, d3 and e3 enhanced the forced swimming capacity of mice. The mechanism of the anti-fatigue effects will be studied in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglong Wu
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Wutu Fan
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Yalei Pan
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Yuankun Zhai
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Yinbo Niu
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Chenrui Li
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Qibing Mei
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
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17
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Garg P, Milton MD. Sodium carbonate mediated regioselective synthesis of novel N-(hydroxyalkyl)cinnamamides. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.10.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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