1
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Ali R, Siddiqui R. Dithieno[3,2- b:2',3'- d]thiophene (DTT): an emerging heterocyclic building block for future organic electronic materials & functional supramolecular chemistry. RSC Adv 2022; 12:36073-36102. [PMID: 36545080 PMCID: PMC9756821 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05768a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterocyclic compounds being potent biochemical materials are ubiquitous molecules in our life. Amongst, the five membered aromatic ring systems, thiophene has emerged as a remarkable entity in organic electronics owing to its (i) high resonance energy, (ii) more electrophilic reactivity than benzene, (iii) high π-electron density, (iv) planar structure and, (v) presence of vacant d-orbital in addition to the presence of loosely bind lone-pairs of electrons on sulfur atoms. In recent past, thiophene-fused molecule namely, dithienothiophene (DTT) has attracted a tremendous attention of the researchers worldwide due to their potential applicability in organic electronics such as in solar cells, electrochromic devices (ECDs), organic field effect transistors (OFETs), organic limiting diodes (OLEDs), fluorescent probes, redox switching and so forth because of their (i) higher charge mobility, (ii) extended π-conjugation, and (iii) better tuning of band gaps, etc. In this particular review article, we envisioned to report the recent advancements made on the DTT-based architectures not only because of the potential applicability of this valuable scaffold in organic electronic but also to motivate the young researchers worldwide to look for the challenging opportunities related to this privileged building block in both material sciences and functional supramolecular chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia IslamiaJamia Nagar, OkhlaNew Delhi-110025India+91-7011867613
| | - Rafia Siddiqui
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia IslamiaJamia Nagar, OkhlaNew Delhi-110025India+91-7011867613
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2
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Thienothiophene Scaffolds as Building Blocks for (Opto)Electronics. ORGANICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/org3040029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Thieno[3,2-b]thiophene and isomeric thieno[2,3-b]thiophene represent fused, bicyclic and electron rich heterocycles. These small planar organic compounds belong to the remarkable family of annulated building blocks for various organic materials. The first part of this review focuses on the synthesis of the primary unsubstituted thienothiophene scaffolds. All synthetic pathways available in the literature, dating from the 19th century, are summarized. The second part is devoted to the applications of the thienothiophene-derived materials across (opto)electronics. Organic light emitting diodes, organic solar cells, organic field-effect transistors and nonlinear optics were identified as the most successful application areas of both thienothiophenes. The fundamental structure-property relationships were evaluated for each particular group of derivatives.
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Slobodinyuk DG, Vasyanin AN, Lunegov IV, Sklyaeva EV, Abashev GG. New D-π-A chromophores incorporating (5,5-dimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-ylidene)- or (6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-ylidene)-malononitrile moiety. Russ Chem Bull 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-022-3417-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Tejeda-Orusco V, Andreu R, Orduna J, Villacampa B, Franco S, Civera A. Twisted One-Dimensional Charge Transfer and Related Y-Shaped Chromophores with a 4 H-Pyranylidene Donor: Synthesis and Optical Properties. J Org Chem 2021; 86:3152-3163. [PMID: 33530683 PMCID: PMC9161450 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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Three series of push–pull
derivatives bearing 4H-pyranylidene as electron donor
group and a variety of acceptors
were designed. On one hand, one-dimensional chromophores with a thiophene
ring (series 1H) or 5-dimethylaminothiophene moiety (series 1N) as an auxiliary donor, non-coplanar with the π-conjugated
system, were synthesized. On the other hand, related two-dimensional
(2D) Y-shaped chromophores (series 2) were also prepared
to compare how the diverse architectures affect the electrochemical,
linear, and second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties. The presence
of the 5-dimethylaminothiophene moiety in the exocyclic C=C
bond of the pyranylidene unit gives rise to oxidation potentials rarely
low, and the protonation (with an excess of trifluoroacetic acid)
of its derivatives results in the apparition of a new blue-shifted
band in the UV–visible spectra. The analysis of the properties
of derivatives with and without the additional thiophene ring shows
that this auxiliary donor leads to a higher NLO response, accompanied
by an enhanced transparency. Y-shaped chromophores of series 2 present a blue-shifted absorption, higher molar extinction
coefficients, and higher Eox values compared
to their linear twisted counterparts. As concerns NLO properties,
2D Y-shaped architecture gives rise to somewhat lower μβ
values (except for thiobarbiturate derivatives).
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Tejeda-Orusco
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA)-Departamento de Química Orgánica, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Raquel Andreu
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA)-Departamento de Química Orgánica, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Jesús Orduna
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA)-Departamento de Química Orgánica, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Belén Villacampa
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA)-Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Santiago Franco
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA)-Departamento de Química Orgánica, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Alba Civera
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA)-Departamento de Química Orgánica, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
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5
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Yadav SB, Sekar N. Static- and frequency-dependent NLO properties of dithienothiophene and thienothiophene bridges — A computational investigation. JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL & COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219633620500182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We have explored detailed linear and nonlinear optical properties of push-pull systems bearing thienothiophene and dithienothiophene spacers. By using density functional theory (DFT), frequency-dependent strategies were applied to examine the polarizability ([Formula: see text] and hyperpolarizability ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. The set of global and range-separated hybrid functionals with different Hartree–Fock (HF) exchange percentage at two basis sets cc-pVDZ and cc-pVTZ were used to evaluate the nonlinear optical (NLO) properties. The observed trends in the absorption maxima supported by perturbation potential analysis; as the absorption maxima increases, the respective amplitude potential decreases. For the investigated compounds, [Formula: see text]-conjugation along with the type of substituted acceptor plays a crucial role in the enhancement of NLO properties. The presence of acceptor group and length of conjugation increase between the D and A group; the first- and second-order intrinsic hyperpolarizability increases, leads to enhanced first- as well as second-order hyperpolarizability. Bond length alternation (BLA)/bond order alteration (BOA) exploration suggested that compounds attain cyanine limit. The trends in NLO properties for investigated compounds are supported by chemical reactivity descriptors, hardness and hyperhardness analysis. The polarizability is linearly correlated with the hyperpolarizability parameters ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] and shows a good regression coefficient by figures of merit analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar B. Yadav
- Department of Dyestuff Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai — 400 019, India
| | - Nagaiyan Sekar
- Department of Dyestuff Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai — 400 019, India
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6
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Strakova K, Assies L, Goujon A, Piazzolla F, Humeniuk HV, Matile S. Dithienothiophenes at Work: Access to Mechanosensitive Fluorescent Probes, Chalcogen-Bonding Catalysis, and Beyond. Chem Rev 2019; 119:10977-11005. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Strakova
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lea Assies
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Antoine Goujon
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Stefan Matile
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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7
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Podlesný J, Pytela O, Klikar M, Jelínková V, Kityk IV, Ozga K, Jedryka J, Rudysh M, Bureš F. Small isomeric push-pull chromophores based on thienothiophenes with tunable optical (non)linearities. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:3623-3634. [PMID: 30916108 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00487d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fourteen new D-π-A push-pull chromophores based on two isomeric thienothiophene donors and seven acceptors of various electronic natures have been designed and conveniently synthesized. In contrast to known thienothiophene push-pull molecules, the prepared small chromophores proved to be organic materials with easily tunable thermal, electrochemical and (non)linear optical properties. It has also been shown that small structural variation may result in significantly improved/varied fundamental properties. Very detailed structure-property relationships were elucidated within the systematically developed series of push-pull molecules, which may serve as a useful guide in designing new D-π-A molecules based on fused thiophene scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Podlesný
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice, 53210, Czech Republic.
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8
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Manuela M, Raposo M, Herbivo C, Hugues V, Clermont G, Castro MCR, Comel A, Blanchard-Desce M. Synthesis, Fluorescence, and Two-Photon Absorption Properties of Push-Pull 5-Arylthieno[3,2-b]thiophene Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Manuela
- Center of Chemistry; University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar; 4710-057 Braga Portugal
| | - M. Raposo
- Center of Chemistry; University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar; 4710-057 Braga Portugal
| | - Cyril Herbivo
- Center of Chemistry; University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar; 4710-057 Braga Portugal
| | - Vincent Hugues
- Univ. Bordeaux; Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (UMR 5255 CNRS); 33405 Talence France
| | - Guillaume Clermont
- Univ. Bordeaux; Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (UMR 5255 CNRS); 33405 Talence France
| | - M. Cidália R. Castro
- Center of Chemistry; University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar; 4710-057 Braga Portugal
| | - Alain Comel
- Université de Lorraine; Institut Jean Barriol; Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique - Analyse Multi-échelles des Milieux Complexes; 57048 Metz Cedex France
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9
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Moreno-Yruela C, Garín J, Orduna J, Franco S, Quintero E, López Navarrete JT, Diosdado BE, Villacampa B, Casado J, Andreu R. D−π–A Compounds with Tunable Intramolecular Charge Transfer Achieved by Incorporation of Butenolide Nitriles as Acceptor Moieties. J Org Chem 2015; 80:12115-28. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Estefanía Quintero
- Departamento
de Química Física, Universidad de Málaga, Campus
de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Juan T. López Navarrete
- Departamento
de Química Física, Universidad de Málaga, Campus
de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Beatriz E. Diosdado
- Servicio
de Rayos X y Análisis por Fluorescencia, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Juan Casado
- Departamento
de Química Física, Universidad de Málaga, Campus
de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
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10
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Morita T, Satoh T, Miura M. Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Direct C–H Alkenylation of Thienothiophene and Related Fused Heteroarenes. Org Lett 2015; 17:4384-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Morita
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Satoh
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- ACT-C, JST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Masahiro Miura
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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11
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Cinar ME, Ozturk T. Thienothiophenes, Dithienothiophenes, and Thienoacenes: Syntheses, Oligomers, Polymers, and Properties. Chem Rev 2015; 115:3036-140. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500271a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 409] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Emin Cinar
- Department
of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Turan Ozturk
- Department
of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey
- Chemistry
Group, Organic Chemistry Laboratory, TUBITAK UME, P.O. Box 54, 41470 Gebze-Kocaeli, Turkey
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12
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Marco AB, Martínez de Baroja N, Franco S, Garín J, Orduna J, Villacampa B, Revuelto A, Andreu R. Dithienopyrrole as a Rigid Alternative to the Bithiophene π Relay in Chromophores with Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Properties. Chem Asian J 2014; 10:188-97. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201402870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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13
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Anisyl and ferrocenyl adducts of methylenepyran-containing β-diketone: Synthesis, spectral, structural, and redox properties. J Organomet Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2014.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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14
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Gauthier S, Caro B, Robin-Le Guen F, Bhuvanesh N, Gladysz JA, Wojcik L, Le Poul N, Planchat A, Pellegrin Y, Blart E, Jacquemin D, Odobel F. Synthesis, photovoltaic performances and TD-DFT modeling of push-pull diacetylide platinum complexes in TiO2 based dye-sensitized solar cells. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:11233-42. [PMID: 24837848 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt00301b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this joint experimental-theoretical work, we present the synthesis and optical and electrochemical characterization of five new bis-acetylide platinum complex dyes end capped with diphenylpyranylidene moieties, as well as their performances in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). Theoretical calculations relying on Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT) and a range-separated hybrid show a very good match with experimental data and allow us to quantify the charge-transfer character of each compound. The photoconversion efficiency obtained reaches 4.7% for 8e (see TOC Graphic) with the tri-thiophene segment, which is among the highest efficiencies reported for platinum complexes in DSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Gauthier
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR CNRS 6226, IUT de Lannion, rue Edouard Branly, BP 30219, F22302 Lannion Cedex, France.
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15
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Inouchi T, Nakashima T, Kawai T. Charge Transfer Emission of T-Shaped π-Conjugated Molecules: Impact of Quinoid Character on the Excited State Properties. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:2591-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp501225j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Inouchi
- Graduate School of Materials
Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, NAIST, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Takuya Nakashima
- Graduate School of Materials
Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, NAIST, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kawai
- Graduate School of Materials
Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, NAIST, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
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Zhang A, Xiao H, Peng C, Bo S, Xu H, Zhang M, Deng G, Zhen Z, Liu X. Microwave-assisted synthesis of novel julolidinyl-based nonlinear optical chromophores with enhanced electro-optic activity. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra10078f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Under microwave (MW) irradiation at a proper temperature, three chromophores (A, B and C) with julolidinyl-based donors and TCF or CF3-Ph-TCF acceptors have been synthesized in high overall yields compared with the conventional heating method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technique Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Hongyan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technique Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing, PR China
| | - Chengcheng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technique Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Shuhui Bo
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technique Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing, PR China
| | - Huajun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technique Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Maolin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technique Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Guowei Deng
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technique Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Zhen Zhen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technique Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing, PR China
| | - Xinhou Liu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technique Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing, PR China
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17
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Methylenepyran based dipolar and quadrupolar dyes: synthesis, electrochemical and photochemical properties. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.07.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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18
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Marco AB, Andreu R, Franco S, Garín J, Orduna J, Villacampa B, Diosdado BE, López Navarrete JT, Casado J. Push–pull systems bearing a quinoid/aromatic thieno[3,2-b]thiophene moiety: synthesis, ground state polarization and second-order nonlinear properties. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:6338-49. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41278d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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