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Sperga A, Veliks J. Recent Advances in Monofluorinated Carbenes, Carbenoids, Ylides, and Related Species. Chemistry 2023:e202301851. [PMID: 37902650 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of monofluorinated compounds is of great interest because of the vast applications of organofluorine compounds. Recently, the introduction of monofluorocarbene synthons has emerged as an important strategy for the synthesis of fluorine-containing products. In contrast to direct fluorination, in which C-F bonds are formed, the use of monofluorinated carbenes and related reactive species involves C-C or C-X bond formation while delivering valuable fluorine atoms into the target structure. Owing to increased knowledge on carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bond formations, monofluorinated carbenes have enormous potential for the synthesis of organofluorine compounds, which, in our opinion, has not yet been fully exploited. This review summarizes the recent advances in the synthetic applications of monofluorinated carbenes, carbenoids, ylides, and related species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturs Sperga
- Latvian Institute of OrganicSynthesis, Aizkrauklesiela 21, 1006, Riga, Latvia
| | - Janis Veliks
- Latvian Institute of OrganicSynthesis, Aizkrauklesiela 21, 1006, Riga, Latvia
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Pons A, Delion L, Poisson T, Charette AB, Jubault P. Asymmetric Synthesis of Fluoro, Fluoromethyl, Difluoromethyl, and Trifluoromethylcyclopropanes. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:2969-2990. [PMID: 34232626 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fluorine-containing cyclopropanes are a subclass of cyclopropane derivatives that have generated considerable interest in medicinal chemistry for several decades. The replacement of a cyclopropane C-H or C-CH3 bond with fluorine or a fluorinated group (such as CF3 or CF2H) can lead sometimes to synergistic effects in terms of biological activity and improved metabolic profile of a cyclopropane containing bioactive compound. In this context, the preparation of fluoro-, difluoromethyl-, or trifluoromethyl-cyclopropane is particularly attractive and important but quite challenging considering the unique electronic properties that result from the incorporation of a fluorine atom into a substrate or a reagent. In the past decade, we have sought to develop new routes for the stereoselective synthesis of these building blocks using the most reliable cyclopropanation methods and convenient and readily available starting materials. The challenge that had to be undertaken was how we could use the unique properties of the fluorine atom to improve upon the efficiency of a given process rather than shutting it down. This could be overcome by defining new substrate/reagent reactivity guidelines and carefully selecting whether the fluorinated group was introduced on the electrophilic or nucleophilic partner for a given reaction. In this Account, we describe our contributions in this area that take advantage of diazo-derived rhodium carbenes, zinc carbenoids, ring closure processes, and biocatalytic methods to access these important potential drug subunits. Our initial investigation relied on the development of a Michael-initiated ring closure reaction using the Reformatsky enolate derived from readily available ethyl dibromofluoroacetate and α,β-unsaturated electrophiles. The reaction proceeded extremely well but with modest to good diastereoselectivities with ester acrylates. Further extension to various fluorinated nucleophiles such as oxazolidinone based and DABCO ylides led to similar selectivities.In order to access enantioenriched fluorocyclopropanes, we then investigated the chiral dioxaborolane mediated zinc carbenoid based approaches using the fluoroiodomethylzinc carbenoid/allylic alcohol combination or the iodomethylzinc carbenoid/fluoroallylic alcohol combination. Quite surprisingly, both approaches were equally successful at providing the corresponding fluorocyclopropanes with excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities.To broaden the scope of fluorinated cyclopropane building blocks that could be prepared with good enantiocontrol, we then investigated the rhodium-catalyzed cyclopropanation of fluoro-, difluoromethyl-, and trifluoromethyl-substituted alkenes with acceptor-acceptor and donor-acceptor diazo reagents. Depending on the substrate/reagent combination, Hashimoto's Rh2((S)-TCPTTL)4 or Davies' Rh2((S)-BTPCP)4 catalyst proved be the most efficient catalysts providing the cyclopropane derivatives with the highest enantioselectivities.More recently, a collaboration with Fasan's group led to the use of engineered myoglobins to catalyze the reaction of ethyl diazoacetate and difluoromethyl-substituted alkenes. This biocatalyzed process led to high turnover number and high enantioselectivities.Although our work has significantly increased the number of tools in the organic chemist's toolbox, continuous efforts in this area would be beneficial to the development of diastereo- and enantioselective approaches to allow the preparation of any elusive isomers of these valuable chiral building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Pons
- Normandie University, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA UMR 6014, 7600 Rouen, France
| | - Laetitia Delion
- Normandie University, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA UMR 6014, 7600 Rouen, France
- Université de Montréal, Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, 1374, av. Thérèse Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, QC H2V 0B3, Canada
| | - Thomas Poisson
- Normandie University, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA UMR 6014, 7600 Rouen, France
- Institut universitaire de France, Paris 75231, France
| | - André B. Charette
- Université de Montréal, Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, 1374, av. Thérèse Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, QC H2V 0B3, Canada
| | - Philippe Jubault
- Normandie University, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA UMR 6014, 7600 Rouen, France
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Synthesis of New Bis(spiro- β-lactams) via Interaction of Methyl 1-Bromocycloalcanecarboxylates with Zinc and N, N′-Bis(arylmethylidene)benzidines. J CHEM-NY 2019. [DOI: 10.1155/2019/7496512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Interaction of the Reformatsky reagents, prepared from methyl 1-bromocyclopentane-1-carboxylate or methyl 1-bromocyclohexane-1-carboxylate, with N,N′-bis(arylmethylidene)benzidines has given rise to a set of intermediates as a result of nucleophilic addition to the C=N group of a substrate. Further intramolecular attack of the amide nitrogen atom onto the ester carbonyl group is responsible for the ring closure, which affords two series of spirocompounds: 2,2′-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4,4′-diyl)bis(3-aryl-2-azaspiro[3.4]octan-1-one) or 2,2′-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4,4′-diyl)bis(3-aryl-2-azaspiro[3.5]nonan-1-ones).
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Trulli L, Raglione V, Fioravanti S. Selective Synthesis of Trifluoromethyl β-Lactams by a Zn-Promoted 2-Bromo Ester Addition on C-CF 3-Substituted Aldimines. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Trulli
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza”; P.le Aldo Moro 5 00185 Roma Italy
| | - Venanzio Raglione
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza”; P.le Aldo Moro 5 00185 Roma Italy
| | - Stefania Fioravanti
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza”; P.le Aldo Moro 5 00185 Roma Italy
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Emma MG, Lombardo M, Trombini C, Quintavalla A. The Organocatalytic α-Fluorination of Chiral γ-Nitroaldehydes: the Challenge of Facing the Construction of a Quaternary Fluorinated Stereocenter. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Giuseppe Emma
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”; Alma Mater Studiorum; University of Bologna; Via Selmi 2 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Marco Lombardo
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”; Alma Mater Studiorum; University of Bologna; Via Selmi 2 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Claudio Trombini
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”; Alma Mater Studiorum; University of Bologna; Via Selmi 2 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Arianna Quintavalla
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”; Alma Mater Studiorum; University of Bologna; Via Selmi 2 40126 Bologna Italy
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Christmann M, Hu J, Kitamura M, Stoltz B. Tetrahedron reports on organic chemistry. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(15)00744-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Tarui A, Tanaka A, Ueo M, Sato K, Omote M, Ando A. Synthesis of a fluorinated Ezetimibe analogue using radical allylation of α-bromo-α-fluoro-β-lactam. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj01969a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A facile and efficient synthesis of a fluorinated Ezetimibe analogue was achieved by radical allylation, Wacker oxidation, and nucleophilic arylation of α-bromo-α-fluoro-β-lactam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Tarui
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Setsunan University
- Hirakata
- Japan
| | - Ayumi Tanaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Setsunan University
- Hirakata
- Japan
| | - Masakazu Ueo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Setsunan University
- Hirakata
- Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Sato
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Setsunan University
- Hirakata
- Japan
| | - Masaaki Omote
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Setsunan University
- Hirakata
- Japan
| | - Akira Ando
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Setsunan University
- Hirakata
- Japan
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Tarui A, Nishimura H, Ikebata T, Tahira A, Sato K, Omote M, Minami H, Miwa Y, Ando A. Ligand-Promoted Asymmetric Imino-Reformatsky Reaction of Ethyl Dibromofluoroacetate. Org Lett 2014; 16:2080-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol500631j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Tarui
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Haruka Nishimura
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ikebata
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Asuka Tahira
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Sato
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Masaaki Omote
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Hideki Minami
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, 5-1-1 Hirokoshingai, Kure, Hiroshima 737-0112, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Miwa
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, 5-1-1 Hirokoshingai, Kure, Hiroshima 737-0112, Japan
| | - Akira Ando
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
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