Okoromoba O, Han J, Hammond GB, Xu B. Designer HF-based fluorination reagent: highly regioselective synthesis of fluoroalkenes and gem-difluoromethylene compounds from alkynes.
J Am Chem Soc 2014;
136:14381-4. [PMID:
25260170 PMCID:
PMC4210154 DOI:
10.1021/ja508369z]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen fluoride (HF) and selected nonbasic and weakly coordinating (toward cationic metal) hydrogen-bond acceptors (e.g., DMPU) can form stable complexes through hydrogen bonding. The DMPU/HF complex is a new nucleophilic fluorination reagent that has high acidity and is compatible with cationic metal catalysts. The gold-catalyzed mono- and dihydrofluorination of alkynes using the DMPU/HF complex yields synthetically important fluoroalkenes and gem-difluoromethlylene compounds regioselectively.
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