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Huang J, Li T, Lu X, Ma D. Copper-Catalyzed α-Arylation of Nitroalkanes with (Hetero)aryl Bromides/Iodides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202315994. [PMID: 38151905 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
α-Aryl substituted nitroalkanes are valuable synthetic building blocks that can be easily converted into α-aryl substituted aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, as well as amines. Herein, an efficient Cu/oxalamide-catalyzed coupling between nitroalkanes and (hetero)aryl halides (Br, I) was developed to direct access highly diverse α-aryl substituted nitroalkanes. Compared with the current state of art, this protocol is more environmentally friendly and practical for synthetic chemists. This approach is characterized by a broad substrate scope on both nitroalkane part (primary nitroalkanes and nitromethane) and sp2 halide part ((hetero)aryl bromides/iodides and alkenyl bromides/iodides). The excellent functional group tolerance was observed, which would enable real world synthetic applications. More importantly, TON of current transformation reached to 3640, when some aryl iodides were used as coupling partners. This represents currently the highest catalyst turnover for transition-metal catalyzed α-arylation of nitroalkanes. Furthermore, the successful application in late-stage modification of complex molecules and synthesis of a known retinoid X receptor (RXR) antagonist exemplified its synthetic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cross-Coupling Reactions, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Taian Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cross-Coupling Reactions, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiaobiao Lu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cross-Coupling Reactions, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Dawei Ma
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cross-Coupling Reactions, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
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Lorea B, García-Urricelqui A, Odriozola JM, Razkin J, Espinal-Viguri M, Oiarbide M, Mielgo A, García JM, Palomo C. Organocatalytic Michael Addition of Unactivated α-Branched Nitroalkanes to Afford Optically Active Tertiary Nitrocompounds. Org Lett 2023. [PMID: 38009850 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The direct, asymmetric conjugate addition of unactivated α-branched nitroalkanes is developed based on the combined use of chiral amine/ureidoaminal bifunctional catalysts and a tunable acrylate template to provide tertiary nitrocompounds in 55-80% isolated yields and high enantioselectivity (e.r. up to 96:4). Elaboration of the ketol moiety in thus obtained adducts allows a fast entry to not only carboxylic and aldehyde derivatives but also nitrile compounds and enantioenriched 5,5-disubstituted γ-lactams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beñat Lorea
- Departamento de Ciencias, Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics (InaMat2), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ane García-Urricelqui
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, Manuel Lardizábal 3, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - José M Odriozola
- Departamento de Ciencias, Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics (InaMat2), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jesús Razkin
- Departamento de Ciencias, Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics (InaMat2), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maialen Espinal-Viguri
- Departamento de Ciencias, Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics (InaMat2), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mikel Oiarbide
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, Manuel Lardizábal 3, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Antonia Mielgo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, Manuel Lardizábal 3, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Jesús M García
- Departamento de Ciencias, Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics (InaMat2), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Claudio Palomo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, Manuel Lardizábal 3, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
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Asaji Y, Maruyama H, Yoshimura T, Matsuo JI. Intermolecular direct catalytic cross-Michael/Michael reactions and tandem Michael/Michael/aldol reactions to linear compounds. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Hernández-Ibáñez S, Soares do Rego Barros O, Lahosa A, García-Muñoz MJ, Benlahrech M, Behloul C, Foubelo F, Yus M. Stereoselective synthesis of 5-(1-aminoalkyl)-2-pyrrolidones and 1,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-2,8-diones from chiral N-tert-butanesulfinyl imines and ethyl 4-nitrobutanoate. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.130842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
Background:
α-Aryl substituted nitroalkanes are important synthetic intermediates
for the preparation of pharmaceutical molecules, natural products, and functional
materials. Due to their scare existence in Nature, synthesis of these compounds has attracted
the attention of synthetic and medicinal chemists, rendering α-arylation of nitroalkanes
of an important research topic. This article summarizes the important advances of α-
arylation of nitroalkanes since 1963.
Results:
After a brief introduction of the synthetic application and the reactions of nitroalkanes,
this article reviewed the synthetic methods for the α-arylated aliphatic nitro compound.
The amount of research on α-arylation of nitroalkanes using various arylation reagents
and the discovery of elegant synthetic approaches towards such skeleton have been
discussed. This review described these advances in two sections. One is the arylation of non-activated nitroalkanes,
with an emphasis on the application of diverse arylation reagents; the other focuses on the arylation of
activated nitroalkanes, including dinitroalkanes, trinitroalkanes, α-nitrosulfones, α-nitroesters, α-nitrotoluenes,
and α-nitroketones. The synthetic application of these methods has also been presented in some cases.
Conclusion:
In this review, we described the progress of α-arylation of nitroalkanes. Although the immense
amount of research on α-arylation of aliphatic nitro compounds has been achieved, many potential issues still
need to be addressed, especially the asymmetric transformation and its wide application in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yang An
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zuo-Yi Jiao
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhou-Bao Shi
- Affiliate Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Fu-Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Jiang M, Feng L, Feng J, Jiao P. Catalytic Asymmetric Cycloadditions of Silyl Nitronates Bearing α-Aryl Group. Org Lett 2017; 19:2210-2213. [PMID: 28436671 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
1,3-Dipolar cycloadditions of 2-alkylacroleins or atropaldehyde with triisopropylsilyl nitronates bearing an α-aryl group produced 3-aryl-2-isoxazolines having a chiral quaternary center in up to 94% ee and up to 88% yield with the aid of Corey's oxazaborolidine catalyst. Specifically, the TIPS nitronate with an α-(p-methoxyphenyl) group gave mainly the 2-isoxazolines having an all-carbon quaternary center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Lifei Feng
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Juanjuan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Peng Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, P. R. China
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Mikhaylov AA, Dilman AD, Novikov RA, Khoroshutina YA, Struchkova MI, Arkhipov DE, Nelyubina YV, Tabolin AA, Ioffe SL. Tandem Pd-catalyzed C–C coupling/recyclization of 2-(2-bromoaryl)cyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxylates with primary nitro alkanes. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.10.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Jing Y, Meng J, Liu Y, Wan JP. Direct Three-Component Synthesis ofα-Cyano Acrylates Involving Cascade Knoevenagel Reaction and Esterification. CHINESE J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201500420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Xu J, Li X, Wu J, Dai WM. Synthesis of 5-alkyl-5-aryl-1-pyrroline N-oxides from 1-aryl-substituted nitroalkanes and acrolein via Michael addition and nitro reductive cyclization. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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