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Abstract
Nitroacetonitrile (NAN) serves as a cyano(nitro)methylating agent facilitating the construction of polyfunctionalized compounds; however, its explosive property is a significant drawback in terms of practical handling. Alkali metal salts of NAN are thermally stable, but their insolubility in organic solvents restricts their use as a synthetic reagents. On the contrary, dipyrrolidinium cyano-aci-nitroacetate is soluble in common organic solvents and thermally stable, allowing for its use as an alternative synthetic equivalent of nitroacetonitrile for the construction of polyfunctionalized frameworks via cyano(nitro)methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kento Iwai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kochi University of Technology, Tosayamada, Kami, Kochi 782-8502, Japan.,Research Center for Material Science and Engineering, Kochi University of Technology, Tosayamada, Kami, Kochi 782-8502, Japan
| | - Nagatoshi Nishiwaki
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kochi University of Technology, Tosayamada, Kami, Kochi 782-8502, Japan.,Research Center for Material Science and Engineering, Kochi University of Technology, Tosayamada, Kami, Kochi 782-8502, Japan
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2
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Matsubara R, Kim H, Sakaguchi T, Xie W, Zhao X, Nagoshi Y, Wang C, Tateiwa M, Ando A, Hayashi M, Yamanaka M, Tsuneda T. Modular Synthesis of Carbon-Substituted Furoxans via Radical Addition Pathway. Useful Tool for Transformation of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids Based on “Build-and-Scrap” Strategy. Org Lett 2020; 22:1182-1187. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Matsubara
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Hojin Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Takaya Sakaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Weibin Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Xufeng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Yuto Nagoshi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Chaoyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tateiwa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ando
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiko Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamanaka
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Smart Molecules, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Takao Tsuneda
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
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3
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Creegan SE, Piercey DG. Nitroacetonitrile as a versatile precursor in energetic materials synthesis. RSC Adv 2020; 10:39478-39484. [PMID: 35515370 PMCID: PMC9057483 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07579e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitroacetonitrile is the simplest α-nitronitrile; it possesses a single central carbon attached to two strong electronegative, electron-withdrawing groups allowing extensive chemistry through the active methylene center. Free nitroacetonitrile has purification and stability issues, however stable salts of nitroacetonitrile possess the same reactivity as the free acid and are much more stable. Nitroacetonitrile serves as a versatile synthetic precursor in the formation of heterocyclic and polyfunctional aliphatic products and can allow for straightforward conversion to amino, acyl, and other functional groups. A main advantage of using nitroacetonitrile in the formation of heterocyclic-based energetics is its ability to add vicinal amino and nitro moieties onto fused ring structures, a common structural motif in insensitive energetic materials. In this minireview we discuss the preparation of nitroacetonitrile and its stable salts, as well as discuss the range of energetic materials this versatile precursor has found use in. Nitroacetonitrile is a useful synthetic precursor capable of participating in a wide range of reactions and enables the simple synthesis of annulated heterocyclic systems which are rapidly becoming promising new energetic materials.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon E. Creegan
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Purdue Energetics Research Center (PERC)
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
| | - Davin G. Piercey
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Purdue Energetics Research Center (PERC)
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
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4
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Nishiwaki N, Kumegawa Y, Iwai K, Yokoyama S. Development of a safely handleable synthetic equivalent of cyanonitrile oxide by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of nitroacetonitrile. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:7903-7905. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc03875b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cyano-aci-nitroacetate serves as a safely handleable precursor of nitroacetonitrile that undergoes 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition to form 3-cyanoisoxazol(in)es.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagatoshi Nishiwaki
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kochi University of Technology
- Kochi 782-8502
- Japan
- Research Center for Material Science and Engineering
- Kochi University of Technology
| | - Yuta Kumegawa
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kochi University of Technology
- Kochi 782-8502
- Japan
| | - Kento Iwai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kochi University of Technology
- Kochi 782-8502
- Japan
| | - Soichi Yokoyama
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kochi University of Technology
- Kochi 782-8502
- Japan
- Research Center for Material Science and Engineering
- Kochi University of Technology
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Kusuma I, Komuro T, Tobita H. Diruthenium Complexes with a 1,8-Naphthyridine-based Bis(silyl) Supporting Ligand: Synthesis and Structures of Complexes Containing Ru II2(μ-H) 2 and Ru I2 Cores. CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.171099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Indra Kusuma
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takashi Komuro
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hiromi Tobita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
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6
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagatoshi Nishiwaki
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Research Center for Material Science and Engineering, Kochi University of Technology
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7
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Iwai K, Asahara H, Nishiwaki N. Synthesis of Functionalized 3-Cyanoisoxazoles Using a Dianionic Reagent. J Org Chem 2017; 82:5409-5415. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Haruyasu Asahara
- Division
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadaoka
2-1, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Voinkov EK, Ulomskiy EN, Rusinov VL, Savateev KV, Fedotov VV, Gorbunov EB, Isenov ML, Eltsov OS. New stable form of nitroacetonitrile. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2016.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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9
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Voinkov EK, Ulomskiy EN, Rusinov VL, Chupakhin ON, Gorbunov EB, Drokin RA, Fedotov VV. Potassium salt of nitroacetonitrile in the synthesis of nitrogen heterocycles. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-016-1819-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Feng BB, Zhang MM, Wang XS. Green Synthesis of Fused Polycyclic Pyrazolo[3,4-b][1,6]naphthyridine Derivatives in Ionic Liquids via Three-Component Reaction. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2015.1014969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Bin Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Mei-Mei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Shan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou Jiangsu, P. R. China
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11
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Chu XQ, Meng H, Zi Y, Xu XP, Ji SJ. Oxidative C(sp3)–H functionalization of acetonitrile and alkanes with allylic alcohols under metal-free conditions. Org Chem Front 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4qo00314d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Direct oxidative C(sp3)–H functionalization of acetonitrile and alkanes with α,α-diaryl allylic alcohols has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Qiang Chu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
| | - Hua Meng
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
| | - You Zi
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
| | - Xiao-Ping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
| | - Shun-Jun Ji
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
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