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Chen X, Li Z, Yang C, Yang D. Ionic liquids as the effective technology for enhancing transdermal drug delivery: Design principles, roles, mechanisms, and future challenges. Asian J Pharm Sci 2024; 19:100900. [PMID: 38590797 PMCID: PMC10999516 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) have been proven to be an effective technology for enhancing drug transdermal absorption. However, due to the unique structural components of ILs, the design of efficient ILs and elucidation of action mechanisms remain to be explored. In this review, basic design principles of ideal ILs for transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) are discussed considering melting point, skin permeability, and toxicity, which depend on the molar ratios, types, functional groups of ions and inter-ionic interactions. Secondly, the contributions of ILs to the development of TDDS through different roles are described: as novel skin penetration enhancers for enhancing transdermal absorption of drugs; as novel solvents for improving the solubility of drugs in carriers; as novel active pharmaceutical ingredients (API-ILs) for regulating skin permeability, solubility, release, and pharmacokinetic behaviors of drugs; and as novel polymers for the development of smart medical materials. Moreover, diverse action mechanisms, mainly including the interactions among ILs, drugs, polymers, and skin components, are summarized. Finally, future challenges related to ILs are discussed, including underlying quantitative structure-activity relationships, complex interaction forces between anions, drugs, polymers and skin microenvironment, long-term stability, and in vivo safety issues. In summary, this article will promote the development of TDDS based on ILs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejun Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Ziqing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Chunrong Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Degong Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
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2
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Shamshina JL, Rogers RD. Ionic Liquids: New Forms of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients with Unique, Tunable Properties. Chem Rev 2023; 123:11894-11953. [PMID: 37797342 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
This Review aims to summarize advances over the last 15 years in the development of active pharmaceutical ingredient ionic liquids (API-ILs), which make up a prospective game-changing strategy to overcome multiple problems with conventional solid-state drugs, for example, polymorphism. A critical part of the present Review is the collection of API-ILs and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) prepared to date. The Review covers rules for rational design of API-ILs and tools for API-IL formation, syntheses, and characterization. Nomenclature and ionic speciation, and the confusion that these may cause, are highlighted, particularly for speciation in both ILs and DESs of intermediate ionicity. We also highlight in vivo and in vitro pharmaceutical activity studies, with differences in pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic depending on ionicity of API-ILs. A brief overview is provided for the ILs used to deliver drugs, and the Review concludes with key prospects and roadblocks in translating API-ILs into pharmaceutical manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia L Shamshina
- Fiber and Biopolymer Research Institute (FBRI), Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Robin D Rogers
- 525 Solutions, Inc., P.O. Box 2206, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35403, United States
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3
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Physicochemical Properties and Transdermal Absorption of a Flurbiprofen and Lidocaine Complex in the Non-Crystalline Form. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020318. [PMID: 36839643 PMCID: PMC9961180 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Amorphous drug formulations exploiting drug-drug interactions have been extensively studied. This study aims to develop a transdermal system containing an amorphous complex of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) flurbiprofen (FLU) and lidocaine (LDC) for alleviating chronic pain. The high-viscosity complex between FLU and LDC (Complex) was obtained by heating in ethanol. For the complex, attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed a shift in the carboxy-group-derived peak of FLU, and differential scanning calorimetry indicated the endothermic peaks associated with the melting of FLU and LDC disappeared. 13C dipolar decoupling and 15N cross-polarization magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance measurement suggested the interaction between the carboxyl group of FLU and the secondary amine of LDC. The interaction between the aromatic rings of FLU and LDC contributed to the molecular complex formation. The solubility of FLU from the complex was about 100 times greater than FLU alone. The skin permeation flux of FLU from the complex through the hairless mouse skin was 3.8 times higher than FLU alone in hypromellose gel. Thus, adding LDC to the formulation can be an effective method for enhancing the skin permeation of NSAIDs, which can prove useful for treating chronic pain and inflammatory diseases.
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Hong M, Wang Q, Wang K, Li J, Qi MH, Ren GB. Transdermal Delivery of Metformin Utilizing Ionic Liquid Technology: Insight Into the Relationship Between Counterion Structures and Properties. Pharm Res 2022; 39:2459-2474. [PMID: 36171345 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03394-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the present study was to explore the feasibility of transdermal delivery of metformin, a commonly used oral antidiabetic drug, by ionic liquid (IL) technology. METHODS Metformin hydrochloride (MetHCl) was first transformed into three kinds of ILs with different counterions. The physicochemical properties of the obtained ILs were characterized in depth. The simulation of stable configuration and calculation of interaction energies were conducted based on density functional theory (DFT). Skin-PAMPA was used to evaluate the intrinsic transdermal permeation properties. The cytotoxicity assay of these ILs was conducted using HaCaT cells to evaluate the toxicity to skin. These metformin ILs were then formulated into transdermal patch, and the transdermal potential was further evaluated using in vitro dissolution test and skin permeation assay. Finally, the pharmacokinetic profiles of these metformin IL-containing patches were determined. RESULTS Among all the three Met ILs, metformin dihexyl sulfosuccinate (MetDH) with proper overall physiochemical and biological properties demonstrated the highest relative bioavailability. Metformin docusate (MetD) with the highest lipophilicity and intrinsic transdermal permeability exhibited the most significant sustained release profile in vivo. Both MetDH and MetD were the promising candidates for further clinical investigations. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the properties of ILs were closely related to the structures of counterion. IL technology provided the opportunities to finely tune the solid-state and biological properties of Metformin and facilitated the successful delivery by transdermal route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghuang Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai, 200237, China.
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Crystal Engineering & Technology, No. 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, No. 130 Meilong Road, 200237, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qinglin Wang
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Crystal Engineering & Technology, No. 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, No. 130 Meilong Road, 200237, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Crystal Engineering & Technology, No. 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, No. 130 Meilong Road, 200237, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinghui Li
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Crystal Engineering & Technology, No. 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, No. 130 Meilong Road, 200237, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming-Hui Qi
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Crystal Engineering & Technology, No. 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, No. 130 Meilong Road, 200237, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Bin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai, 200237, China.
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Crystal Engineering & Technology, No. 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, No. 130 Meilong Road, 200237, Shanghai, China.
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5
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Dib N, Silber JJ, Correa NM, Falcone RD. Amphiphilic Ionic Liquids Capable to Formulate Organized Systems in an Aqueous Solution, Designed by a Combination of Traditional Surfactants and Commercial Drugs. Pharm Res 2022; 39:2379-2390. [PMID: 35854078 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03342-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The present review describes the state of the art in the conversion of pharmaceutically active ingredients (API) in amphiphilic Ionic Liquids (ILs) as alternative drug delivery systems. In particular, we focus our attention on the compounds generated by ionic exchange and without original counterions which generate different systems in comparison with the simple mixtures. In water, these new amphiphiles show similar or even better properties as surfactants in comparison with their precursors. Cations such as 1-alkyl-3-methyl-imidazolium and anions such as dioctyl sulfosuccinate or sodium dodecyl sulfate appear as the amphiphilic components most studied. In conclusion, this work shows interesting information on several promissory compounds and they appear as an interesting challenge to extend the application of ILs in the medical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahir Dib
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto, Agencia Postal 3, C.P. X5804BYA, Ruta Nacional 36, km 601, Rio Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud (IDAS), Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal 3, C.P. X5804BYA, Ruta Nacional 36, km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Juana J Silber
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto, Agencia Postal 3, C.P. X5804BYA, Ruta Nacional 36, km 601, Rio Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud (IDAS), Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal 3, C.P. X5804BYA, Ruta Nacional 36, km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - N Mariano Correa
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto, Agencia Postal 3, C.P. X5804BYA, Ruta Nacional 36, km 601, Rio Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud (IDAS), Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal 3, C.P. X5804BYA, Ruta Nacional 36, km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - R Dario Falcone
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto, Agencia Postal 3, C.P. X5804BYA, Ruta Nacional 36, km 601, Rio Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.
- Instituto de Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud (IDAS), Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal 3, C.P. X5804BYA, Ruta Nacional 36, km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.
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6
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Zhang Y, Liu C, Wang J, Ren S, Song Y, Quan P, Fang L. Ionic liquids in transdermal drug delivery system: Current applications and future perspectives. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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7
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Formation of low melting point binary systems comprising ketoprofen and an amide local anaesthetic. Int J Pharm 2021; 607:120969. [PMID: 34358543 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Liquid forms of active pharmaceutical ingredients, ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic mixtures (DEMs), offer several potential benefits in respect to advancing pharmaceutical formulations. The aim of this study was to develop and characterise ILs/DEMs composed of two active molecules: ketoprofen (KET), as the acidic component, and a local anaesthetics (LA), lidocaine (LID), mepivacaine (MEP) or bupivacaine (BUP), which constituted the basic component. A mechanosynthetic approach was successfully applied to obtain LA-KET low melting systems. Composition/temperature phase diagrams were determined by differential scanning calorimetry. The amide LA-KET mixtures showed a eutectic behaviour during heating and formed viscous liquids upon quench cooling. Considering the quench cooled LA-KET mixtures, LA crystallisation was observed only in the LA-rich mixtures. LID, MEP and BUP formed disordered complexes with KET at an approximate 1:2 stoichiometry. Infrared spectroscopy studies revealed that the mixtures were composed mainly of hydrogen bonded acid and base molecules, but small amounts of carboxylate anions were detected. The formation of LA-KET complex not only suppressed the high crystallisation tendency of the LA molecules in the dry state, but also eliminated the crystallisation of KET and LA molecules induced by moisture, as revealed by dynamic vapour sorption studies.
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8
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Sweet-Tasting Ionic Conjugates of Local Anesthetics and Vasoconstrictors. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26040983. [PMID: 33673320 PMCID: PMC7918242 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Local anesthetics are widely utilized in dentistry, cosmetology, and medicine. Local anesthesia is essential to providing a pain-free experience during dental and local surgeries as well as cosmetic procedures. However, the injection itself may produce discomfort and be a source of aversion. A novel approach toward the taste modulation of local anesthetics is proposed, in which the anesthetics of the “-caine” family serve as cations and are coupled with anionic sweeteners such as saccharinate and acesulfamate. Ionic conjugates of vasoconstrictor epinephrine such as epinephrine saccharinate and epinephrine acesulfamate have also been synthesized. Novel ionic conjugates were developed using anion exchange techniques. Reported compounds are sweet-tasting and are safe to use both topically and as injections.
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9
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Saeed HK, Sutar Y, Patel P, Bhat R, Mallick S, Hatada AE, Koomoa DLT, Lange I, Date AA. Synthesis and Characterization of Lipophilic Salts of Metformin to Improve Its Repurposing for Cancer Therapy. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:2626-2637. [PMID: 33553880 PMCID: PMC7859945 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence has accentuated the repurposing of metformin hydrochloride for cancer treatment. However, the extreme hydrophilicity and poor permeability of metformin hydrochloride are responsible for its poor anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of several lipophilic metformin salts containing bulky anionic permeation enhancers such as caprate, laurate, oleate, cholate, and docusate as counterions. Of various counterions tested, only docusate was able to significantly improve the lipophilicity and lipid solubility of metformin. To evaluate the impact of the association of anionic permeation enhancers with metformin, we checked the in vitro anticancer activity of various lipophilic salts of metformin using drug-sensitive (MYCN-2) and drug-resistant (SK-N-Be2c) neuroblastoma cells as model cancer cells. Metformin hydrochloride showed a very low potency (IC50 ≈ >100 mM) against MYCN-2 and SK-N-Be2c cells. Anionic permeation enhancers showed a considerably higher activity (IC50 ≈ 125 μM to 1.6 mM) against MYCN-2 and SK-N-Be2c cells than metformin. The association of metformin with most of the bulky anionic agents negatively impacted the anticancer activity against MYCN-2 and SK-N-Be2c cells. However, metformin docusate showed 700- to 4300-fold improvement in anticancer potency compared to metformin hydrochloride and four- to five-fold higher in vitro anticancer activity compared to sodium docusate, indicating a synergistic association between metformin and docusate. A similar trend was observed when we tested the in vitro activity of metformin docusate, sodium docusate, and metformin hydrochloride against hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) and triple-negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiwa K. Saeed
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai’i at Hilo, Hilo Hawaii 96720, United States
| | - Yogesh Sutar
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai’i at Hilo, Hilo Hawaii 96720, United States
| | - Pratikkumar Patel
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai’i at Hilo, Hilo Hawaii 96720, United States
| | - Roopal Bhat
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai’i at Hilo, Hilo Hawaii 96720, United States
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Shree Chanakya Education
Society’s Indira College of Pharmacy, Tathawade, Pune, Maharashtra 411033, India
| | - Sudipta Mallick
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai’i at Hilo, Hilo Hawaii 96720, United States
| | - Alyssa E. Hatada
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai’i at Hilo, Hilo Hawaii 96720, United States
| | - Dana-Lynn T. Koomoa
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai’i at Hilo, Hilo Hawaii 96720, United States
| | - Ingo Lange
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai’i at Hilo, Hilo Hawaii 96720, United States
| | - Abhijit A. Date
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai’i at Hilo, Hilo Hawaii 96720, United States
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10
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Deng Y, Yao J, Li H. Effects of ionicity and chain structure on the physicochemical properties of protic ionic liquids. AIChE J 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Deng
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU‐NHU United R&D Center Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Jia Yao
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU‐NHU United R&D Center Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Haoran Li
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU‐NHU United R&D Center Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
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11
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Umerska A, Bialek K, Zotova J, Skotnicki M, Tajber L. Anticrystal Engineering of Ketoprofen and Ester Local Anesthetics: Ionic Liquids or Deep Eutectic Mixtures? Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12040368. [PMID: 32316479 PMCID: PMC7237996 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12040368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic mixtures (DEMs) are potential solutions to the problems of low solubility, polymorphism, and low bioavailability of drugs. The aim of this work was to develop and investigate ketoprofen (KET)-based ILs/DEMs containing an ester local anesthetic (LA): benzocaine (BEN), procaine (PRO) and tetracaine (TET) as the second component. ILs/DEMs were prepared via a mechanosynthetic process that involved the mixing of KET with an LA in a range of molar ratios and applying a thermal treatment. After heating above the melting point and quench cooling, the formation of supercooled liquids with Tgs that were dependent on the composition was observed for all KET-LA mixtures with exception of that containing 95 mol% of BEN. The KET-LA mixtures containing either ≥ 60 mol% BEN or 95 mol% of TET showed crystallization to BEN and TET, respectively, during either cooling or second heating. KET decreased the crystallization tendency of BEN and TET and increased their glass-forming ability. The KET-PRO systems showed good glass-forming ability and did not crystallize either during the cooling or during the second heating cycle irrespective of the composition. Infrared spectroscopy and molecular modeling indicated that KET and LAs formed DEMs, but in the KET-PRO systems small quantities of carboxylate anions were present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Umerska
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland; (A.U.); (K.B.); (J.Z.); (M.S.)
| | - Klaudia Bialek
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland; (A.U.); (K.B.); (J.Z.); (M.S.)
| | - Julija Zotova
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland; (A.U.); (K.B.); (J.Z.); (M.S.)
| | - Marcin Skotnicki
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland; (A.U.); (K.B.); (J.Z.); (M.S.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 60-780 Poznań, Poland
| | - Lidia Tajber
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland; (A.U.); (K.B.); (J.Z.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +353-1-896-2787
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12
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Ford L, Tay E, Nguyen TH, Williams HD, Benameur H, Scammells PJ, Porter CJH. API ionic liquids: probing the effect of counterion structure on physical form and lipid solubility. RSC Adv 2020; 10:12788-12799. [PMID: 35492138 PMCID: PMC9051119 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00386g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid based formulations (LBFs) are extensively utilised as an enabling technology in drug delivery. The use of ionic liquids (ILs) or lipophilic salts (LS) in drug delivery has also garnered considerable interest due to unique solubility properties. Conversion of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) to ILs by pairing with an appropriately lipophilic counterion has been shown to decrease melting point of the salt complex and improve solubility in LBFs. However, the relationship between the structure of the counterion, the physicochemical properties of the resulting salts and solubility in LBFs has not been systematically explored. This study investigates the relationship between alkyl sulfate counterion structure and melting temperature (T m or T g) in addition to LBF solubility, utilizing cinnarizine and lumefantrine as model weakly basic APIs. Three series of structurally diverse alkyl sulfate counterions were chosen to probe this relationship. Pairing cinnarizine and lumefantrine with a majority of these alkyl sulfate counterions resulted in a reduction in melting temperature and enhanced solubility in model medium chain and long chain LBFs. The chain length of the alkyl sulfate plays a crucial role in performance, and consistently branched alkyl sulfate counterions perform better than straight chain alkyl sulfate counterions, as predicted. Most interestingly, trends in counterion performance were found to be consistent across two APIs with disparate chemical structures. The findings from this study will facilitate the design of counterions which enhance solubility of ionisable drugs and unlock the potential to develop compounds previously restrained by poor solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh Ford
- Oral Drug Delivery Innovation, Chemical Division, Lonza Pharma Biotech & Nutrition Melbourne Australia
| | - Erin Tay
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University 381 Royal Parade Parkville Victoria 3052 Australia
| | - Tri-Hung Nguyen
- Oral Drug Delivery Innovation, Chemical Division, Lonza Pharma Biotech & Nutrition Strasbourg France
| | - Hywel D Williams
- Oral Drug Delivery Innovation, Chemical Division, Lonza Pharma Biotech & Nutrition Melbourne Australia
| | - Hassan Benameur
- Oral Drug Delivery Innovation, Chemical Division, Lonza Pharma Biotech & Nutrition Strasbourg France
| | - Peter J Scammells
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University 381 Royal Parade Parkville Victoria 3052 Australia
| | - Christopher J H Porter
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University 381 Royal Parade Parkville Victoria 3052 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University 381 Royal Parade Parkville Victoria 3052 Australia
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13
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Wu H, Fang F, Zheng L, Ji W, Qi M, Hong M, Ren G. Ionic liquid form of donepezil: Preparation, characterization and formulation development. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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14
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Improved transdermal permeability of ibuprofen by ionic liquid technology: Correlation between counterion structure and the physicochemical and biological properties. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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15
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Williams HD, Ford L, Igonin A, Shan Z, Botti P, Morgen MM, Hu G, Pouton CW, Scammells PJ, Porter CJH, Benameur H. Unlocking the full potential of lipid-based formulations using lipophilic salt/ionic liquid forms. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 142:75-90. [PMID: 31150666 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lipid-based formulations (LBF) are widely used by industry and accepted by the regulatory authorities for oral drug delivery in the pharmaceutical and consumer healthcare market. Innovation in the LBF field is however needed in order to meet the demands of modern drugs, their more challenging problem statements and growing needs for achieving optimal pharmacokinetics (i.e., no food-effects, low variability) on approval. This review describes a new lipophilic salt / ionic liquid approach in combination with LBF, and how this salt strategy can be used to better tailor the properties of a drug to LBFs. The potential advantages of lipophilic salts are discussed in the context of dose escalation studies during toxicological evaluation, reducing the pill burden, increasing drug absorption of new drugs and in life-cycle management. Commentary on lipophilic salt synthesis, scale-up, LBF design and the regulatory aspects are also provided. These topics are discussed in the broad context of bringing the widely recognized advantages of LBFs to a broader spectrum of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hywel D Williams
- Oral Drug Delivery Innovation, Global Research & Development, Lonza, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Leigh Ford
- Oral Drug Delivery Innovation, Global Research & Development, Lonza, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Annabel Igonin
- Pharmaceutical Product Development, Lonza, Ploërmel, France
| | - Zhenhua Shan
- Chemistry, Research & Development, Lonza, Nansha, China
| | - Paolo Botti
- Oral Drug Delivery Innovation, Global Research & Development, Lonza, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Guixian Hu
- Research & Technology, Lonza, Visp, Switzerland
| | - Colin W Pouton
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Peter J Scammells
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Christopher J H Porter
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
| | - Hassan Benameur
- Oral Drug Delivery Innovation, Global Research & Development, Lonza, Strasbourg, France.
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16
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Bender CR, Salbego PR, Wust K, Farias CA, Beck TS, Machado G, Vaucher RA, Martins MA, Frizzo CP. Interaction of pharmaceutical ionic liquids with TiO2 in anatase and rutile phase. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.08.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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17
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Wang C, Chopade SA, Guo Y, Early JT, Tang B, Wang E, Hillmyer MA, Lodge TP, Sun CC. Preparation, Characterization, and Formulation Development of Drug–Drug Protic Ionic Liquids of Diphenhydramine with Ibuprofen and Naproxen. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:4190-4201. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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18
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Williams HD, Ford L, Lim S, Han S, Baumann J, Sullivan H, Vodak D, Igonin A, Benameur H, Pouton CW, Scammells PJ, Porter CJ. Transformation of Biopharmaceutical Classification System Class I and III Drugs Into Ionic Liquids and Lipophilic Salts for Enhanced Developability Using Lipid Formulations. J Pharm Sci 2018; 107:203-216. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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19
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Expedited development of a high dose orally disintegrating metformin tablet enabled by sweet salt formation with acesulfame. Int J Pharm 2017; 532:435-443. [PMID: 28844896 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.08.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Salt formation has been extensively used to improve drug properties, including solubility, stability and mechanical properties. A sweet salt of metformin with acesulfame, prepared though an anion exchange reaction, showed superior properties over the commercial hydrochloride salt. These included both remarkable improvement of taste and significant enhancement in tabletability, which is explained by the different crystal structures and lower hardness as measured by nanoindentation. The relationship among crystal structure, mechanical properties and tabletability was rationalized through an energy framework analysis. This approach led to the successful development of an orally disintegrating tablet product containing 60% of metformin-acesulfame salt by direct compaction.
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20
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Berton P, Di Bona KR, Yancey D, Rizvi SAA, Gray M, Gurau G, Shamshina JL, Rasco JF, Rogers RD. Transdermal Bioavailability in Rats of Lidocaine in the Forms of Ionic Liquids, Salts, and Deep Eutectic. ACS Med Chem Lett 2017; 8:498-503. [PMID: 28523100 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuning the bioavailability of lidocaine was explored by its incorporation into the ionic liquid lidocainium docusate ([Lid][Doc]) and the deep eutectic Lidocaine·Ibuprofen (Lid·Ibu) and comparing the transdermal absorption of these with the crystalline salt lidocainium chloride ([Lid]Cl). Each form of lidocaine was dissolved in a vehicle cream and topically applied to Sprague-Dawley rats. The concentrations of the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in blood plasma were monitored over time as an indication of systemic absorption. The concentration of lidocaine in plasma varied between applied API-based creams, with faster and higher systemic absorption of the hydrogen bonded deep eutectic Lid·Ibu than the absorption of the salts [Lid]Cl or [Lid][Doc]. Interestingly, a differential transdermal absorption was observed between lidocaine and ibuprofen when Lid·Ibu was applied, possibly indicating different interactions with the tissue components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Berton
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Kristin R. Di Bona
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
- Department
of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Denise Yancey
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Syed A. A. Rizvi
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33328, United States
| | - Marquita Gray
- Department
of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Gabriela Gurau
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
- 525 Solutions, Inc., 720
2nd Street, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35401, United States
| | - Julia L. Shamshina
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
- 525 Solutions, Inc., 720
2nd Street, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35401, United States
| | - Jane F. Rasco
- Department
of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Robin D. Rogers
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
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21
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Egorova KS, Gordeev EG, Ananikov VP. Biological Activity of Ionic Liquids and Their Application in Pharmaceutics and Medicine. Chem Rev 2017; 117:7132-7189. [PMID: 28125212 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 911] [Impact Index Per Article: 130.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids are remarkable chemical compounds, which find applications in many areas of modern science. Because of their highly tunable nature and exceptional properties, ionic liquids have become essential players in the fields of synthesis and catalysis, extraction, electrochemistry, analytics, biotechnology, etc. Apart from physical and chemical features of ionic liquids, their high biological activity has been attracting significant attention from biochemists, ecologists, and medical scientists. This Review is dedicated to biological activities of ionic liquids, with a special emphasis on their potential employment in pharmaceutics and medicine. The accumulated data on the biological activity of ionic liquids, including their antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties, are discussed in view of possible applications in drug synthesis and drug delivery systems. Dedicated attention is given to a novel active pharmaceutical ingredient-ionic liquid (API-IL) concept, which suggests using traditional drugs in the form of ionic liquid species. The main aim of this Review is to attract a broad audience of chemical, biological, and medical scientists to study advantages of ionic liquid pharmaceutics. Overall, the discussed data highlight the importance of the research direction defined as "Ioliomics", studies of ions in liquids in modern chemistry, biology, and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia S Egorova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninsky prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Evgeniy G Gordeev
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninsky prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Valentine P Ananikov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninsky prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Department of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University , Stary Petergof 198504, Russia
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22
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananda S. Amarasekara
- Department of Chemistry, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, Texas 77446, United States
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23
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Miwa Y, Hamamoto H, Ishida T. Lidocaine self-sacrificially improves the skin permeation of the acidic and poorly water-soluble drug etodolac via its transformation into an ionic liquid. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2016; 102:92-100. [PMID: 26945484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Poor transdermal penetration of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) impairs both bioavailability and therapeutic benefits and is a major challenge in the development of transdermal drug delivery systems. Here, we transformed a poorly water-soluble drug, etodolac, into an ionic liquid in order to improve its hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity and skin permeability. The ionic liquid was prepared by mixing etodolac with lidocaine (1:1, mol/mol). Both the free drug and the transformed ionic liquid were characterized by differential scanning colorimetry (DSC), infrared spectroscopy (IR), and saturation concentration measurements. In addition, in vitro skin-permeation testing was carried out via an ionic liquid-containing patch (Etoreat patch). The lidocaine and etodolac in ionic liquid form led to a relatively lower melting point than either lidocaine or etodolac alone, and this improved the lipophilicity/hydrophilicity of etodolac. In vitro skin-permeation testing demonstrated that the Etoreat patch significantly increased the skin permeation of etodolac (9.3-fold) compared with an etodolac alone patch, although an Etoreat patch did not increase the skin permeation of lidocaine, which was consistent with the results when using a lidocaine alone patch. Lidocaine appeared to self-sacrificially improve the skin permeation of etodolac via its transformation into an ionic liquid. The data suggest that ionic liquids composed of approved drugs may substantially expand the formulation preparation method to meet the challenges of drugs which are characterized by poor rates of transdermal absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Miwa
- MEDRx Co., Ltd, 431-7 Nishiyama, Higashikagawa-city, Kagawa 769-2712, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Hamamoto
- MEDRx Co., Ltd, 431-7 Nishiyama, Higashikagawa-city, Kagawa 769-2712, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Ishida
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan.
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24
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Wojnarowska Z, Knapik J, Rams-Baron M, Jedrzejowska A, Paczkowska M, Krause A, Cielecka-Piontek J, Jaworska M, Lodowski P, Paluch M. Amorphous Protic Ionic Systems as Promising Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients: The Case of the Sumatriptan Succinate Drug. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:1111-22. [PMID: 26836258 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we highlight the benefits coming from the application of amorphous protic ionic systems as active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Using the case of the sumatriptan (STR) drug, we show that the conversion of nonionic API to partially ionized amorphous protic succinate salt (STR SUCC) brings a substantial improvement in apparent solubility. Since in general the disordered systems reveal a tendency to self-arrangement during storage, the dominant part of this article is dedicated to the physical stability issue of sumatriptan and its ionic counterpart. To recognize the crystallization tendency of the studied systems, the calorimetric measurements were performed. Additionally, the role of ion dynamics in spontaneous nucleation of amorphous sumatriptan succinate is discussed. The differential scanning calorimetry analysis of ionic and nonionic sumatriptan reveals many similarities in thermal properties of these APIs as well as distinct differences in their resistance against crystallization in the supercooled liquid state. To determine the long-term physical stability of STR SUCC at room temperature conditions, the time scale of structural relaxation below their glass transition temperatures is estimated. We show that in contrast to nonionic materials, τα predictions of STR SUCC are much more complex and require aging experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Wojnarowska
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia , Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland.,SMCEBI , 75 Pulku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - J Knapik
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia , Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland.,SMCEBI , 75 Pulku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - M Rams-Baron
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia , Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland.,SMCEBI , 75 Pulku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - A Jedrzejowska
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia , Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland.,SMCEBI , 75 Pulku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - M Paczkowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences , Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland
| | - A Krause
- PozLab sp. z.o.o. Parkowa 2, 60-775 Poznań, Poland
| | - J Cielecka-Piontek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences , Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland
| | - M Jaworska
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Silesia , Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - P Lodowski
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Silesia , Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - M Paluch
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia , Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland.,SMCEBI , 75 Pulku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
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25
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Frizzo CP, Wust K, Tier AZ, Beck TS, Rodrigues LV, Vaucher RA, Bolzan LP, Terra S, Soares F, Martins MAP. Novel ibuprofenate- and docusate-based ionic liquids: emergence of antimicrobial activity. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra22237d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Six new ionic-liquid-based active pharmaceutical ingredients (IL-APIs) were prepared and their molecular structures characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Keli Wust
- NUQUIMHE
- Federal University of Santa Maria
- Santa Maria
- Brazil
| | - Aniele Z. Tier
- NUQUIMHE
- Federal University of Santa Maria
- Santa Maria
- Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Leandro P. Bolzan
- Lab. of Microbiology
- Centro Universitário Franciscano
- Santa Maria
- Brazil
| | - Silvio Terra
- Depart. of Molecular Biology
- Federal University of Santa Maria
- Santa Maria
- Brazil
| | - Felix Soares
- Depart. of Molecular Biology
- Federal University of Santa Maria
- Santa Maria
- Brazil
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26
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Abstract
In this work, sixteen new pyrrolidinium herbicidal ionic liquids (HILs) with phenoxycarboxylate anions were synthesized and characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Syguda
- Department of Chemical Technology
- Poznan University of Technology
- 60-965 Poznan
- Poland
| | | | - Katarzyna Materna
- Department of Chemical Technology
- Poznan University of Technology
- 60-965 Poznan
- Poland
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27
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Balk A, Holzgrabe U, Meinel L. 'Pro et contra' ionic liquid drugs - Challenges and opportunities for pharmaceutical translation. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 94:291-304. [PMID: 26070389 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are organic salts with a melting point below 100°C. Active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) are transformed into ILs by combining them with typically large yet charged counterions. ILs hold promise to build a large design space for relevant pharmaceutical parameters, particularly for poorly water soluble drugs. It is for this wide design space that ILs may be the entry into the fascinating vision of modifying physico-chemical properties without the need to structurally modify the active pharmaceutical ingredient itself. This extremely intriguing pharmaceutical option is critically discussed including its potential and limitations. The review is starting off with an introduction to the metathesis and characterization of ILs, and leads over to examples for pharmaceutical application, including enhancement of dissolution rate and kinetic solubility and hygroscopicity adaptation, respectively. Tuning biopharmaceutics and toxicology by proper IL design is another focus. The review connects the interrelated chemical, physical, pharmaceutical, and toxicological outcome of API-ILs, serving as guidance for the formulation scientist who aims at expanding ones armamentarium for poorly water soluble APIs while avoiding structural modification, thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Balk
- Institute for Pharmacy, Am Hubland, University of Würzburg, DE-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Holzgrabe
- Institute for Pharmacy, Am Hubland, University of Würzburg, DE-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lorenz Meinel
- Institute for Pharmacy, Am Hubland, University of Würzburg, DE-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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28
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Jameson LP, Dzyuba SV. Effect of imidazolium room-temperature ionic liquids on aggregation of amphotericin B: a circular dichroism study. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17077j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aggregate–monomer equilibrium of amphotericin B could be controlled by the structure of the room-temperature ionic liquid.
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