1
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Zhang Z, Feng X, Du H. Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted Enamines through Borane-Catalyzed Hydrogenations. Org Lett 2023; 25:9142-9146. [PMID: 38113201 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes a B(C6F5)3-catalyzed hydrogenation of β-substituted α,β-unsaturated imines by using as low as 0.2 mol % catalyst. A variety of tetrasubstituted enamines were afforded in 95-99% yields. It provides an efficient and facile way without the need for column chromatography purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijia Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiangqing Feng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haifeng Du
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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2
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Feng M, Mosiagin I, Kaiser D, Maryasin B, Maulide N. Deployment of Sulfinimines in Charge-Accelerated Sulfonium Rearrangement Enables a Surrogate Asymmetric Mannich Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:13044-13049. [PMID: 35839521 PMCID: PMC9374180 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
β-Amino acid derivatives are key structural elements in synthetic and biological chemistry. Despite being a hallmark method for their preparation, the direct Mannich reaction encounters significant challenges when carboxylic acid derivatives are employed. Indeed, not only is chemoselective enolate formation a pitfall (particularly with carboxamides), but most importantly the inability to reliably access α-tertiary amines through an enolate/ketimine coupling is an unsolved problem of this century-old reaction. Herein, we report a strategy enabling the first direct coupling of carboxamides with ketimines for the diastereo- and enantioselective synthesis of β-amino amides. This conceptually novel approach hinges on the innovative deployment of enantiopure sulfinimines in sulfonium rearrangements, and at once solves the problems of chemoselectivity, reactivity, and (relative and absolute) stereoselectivity of the Mannich process. In-depth computational studies explain the observed, unexpected (dia)stereoselectivity and showcase the key role of intramolecular interactions, including London dispersion, for the accurate description of the reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Feng
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ivan Mosiagin
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Kaiser
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Boris Maryasin
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nuno Maulide
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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3
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Noda H, Shibasaki M. Recent Advances in the Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of β
2
‐ and β
2,2
‐Amino Acids. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hidetoshi Noda
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN) 3–14–23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa‐ku, Tokyo 141–0021 Tokyo Japan
| | - Masakatsu Shibasaki
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN) 3–14–23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa‐ku, Tokyo 141–0021 Tokyo Japan
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4
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Zhang X, Mi N, Liu H, Liu Y. An approach to highly efficient reduction of β-enamino esters: A convenient synthesis of β-amino esters. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1747519819858688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Chemoselective reduction of β-enamino esters with NaBH(OAc)3promoted by MgI2etherate affords the corresponding β-amino esters in excellent yields in a short time under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxian Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Nengju Mi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yingshuai Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P.R. China
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5
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Nonn M, Benke Z, Fustero S, Fülöp F, Kiss L. Chemodiscrimination of Olefin Bonds Through Cross-Metathesis Reactions - Synthesis of Functionalized β-Lactam and β-Amino Acid Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Nonn
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; University of Szeged; Eötvös u. 6 6720 Szeged Hungary
- MTA-SZTE Stereochemistry Research Group; Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Eötvös u. 6 6720 Szeged Hungary
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; University of Szeged; Hungary
| | - Zsanett Benke
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; University of Szeged; Eötvös u. 6 6720 Szeged Hungary
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; University of Szeged; Hungary
| | - Santos Fustero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Farmàcia; Universidad de Valencia; Av. Vicente Andrés Estellés, s/n 46100 Valencia Spain
| | - Ferenc Fülöp
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; University of Szeged; Eötvös u. 6 6720 Szeged Hungary
- MTA-SZTE Stereochemistry Research Group; Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Eötvös u. 6 6720 Szeged Hungary
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; University of Szeged; Hungary
| | - Loránd Kiss
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; University of Szeged; Eötvös u. 6 6720 Szeged Hungary
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; University of Szeged; Hungary
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6
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Październiok-Holewa A, Walęcka-Kurczyk A, Musioł S, Stecko S. Catalyst-free Mannich-type reaction of 1-(N-acylamino)alkyltriphenylphosphonium salts with silyl enolates. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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7
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Vishe M, Johnston JN. The inverted ketene synthon: a double umpolung approach to enantioselective β 2,3-amino amide synthesis. Chem Sci 2019; 10:1138-1143. [PMID: 30774911 PMCID: PMC6349014 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc04330b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A stereocontrolled synthesis of β2,3-amino amides is reported. Innovation is encapsulated by the first use of nitroalkenes to achieve double umpolung in enantioselective β-amino amide synthesis. Step economy is also fulfilled by the use of Umpolung Amide Synthesis (UmAS) in the second step, delivering the amide product without intermediacy of a carboxylic acid or activated derivative. Molybdenum oxide-mediated hydride reduction provides the anti-β2,3-amino amide with high selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Vishe
- Department of Chemistry , Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37235 , USA .
| | - Jeffrey N Johnston
- Department of Chemistry , Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37235 , USA .
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8
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9
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Melnykov KP, Volochnyuk DM, Ryabukhin SV, Rusanov EB, Grygorenko OO. A conformationally restricted GABA analogue based on octahydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]pyridine scaffold. Amino Acids 2018; 51:255-261. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-018-2660-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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10
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Davies SG, Fletcher AM, Roberts PM, Thomson JE. The conjugate addition of enantiomerically pure lithium amides as chiral ammonia equivalents part III: 2012–2017. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2017.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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11
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Cantú-Reyes M, Alvarado-Beltrán I, Ballinas-Indilí R, Álvarez-Toledano C, Hernández-Rodríguez M. Stereodivergent Mannich reaction of bis(trimethylsilyl)ketene acetals with N-tert-butanesulfinyl imines by Lewis acid or Lewis base activation, a one-pot protocol to obtain chiral β-amino acids. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:7705-7709. [PMID: 28875215 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01853c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a one-pot synthesis of chiral β2,2,3-amino acids by the Mannich addition of bistrimethylsilyl ketene acetals to N-tert-butanesulfinyl imines followed by the removal of the chiral auxiliary. The synthesis and isolation of pure β-amino acid hydrochlorides were conducted under mild conditions, without strong bases and this method is operationally simple. The stereoselective reaction was promoted by two different activation methods that lead to different stereoisomers: (1) Lewis Acid (LA) catalysis with boron trifluoride diethyl etherate and (2) Lewis Base (LB) catalysis with tetrabutylammonium difluorotriphenylsilicate. The reaction presented good diastereoselectivity with LB activation and moderate to good dr with LA catalysis. The exceptions in both protocols were imines with electron donating groups in the aromatic ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Cantú-Reyes
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Del. Coyoacán, 04510, Cd. Mx., Mexico.
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12
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Shymanska NV, Pierce JG. Stereoselective Synthesis of Quaternary Pyrrolidine-2,3-diones and β-Amino Acids. Org Lett 2017; 19:2961-2964. [PMID: 28537396 PMCID: PMC5540151 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b01185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A facile, diastereoselective synthesis of highly substituted pyrrolidine-2,3-diones is reported, along with the one-step conversion of these heterocycles to novel β-amino acids and further functionalized derivatives. This method involves an unusually mild, one-pot, three-component cyclization/allylation followed by a Claisen rearrangement to provide unusual pyrrolidinone products that are densely functionalized and contain an all-carbon quaternary stereocenter. The reported reaction sequence is operationally simple, exquisitely diastereoselective, and provides gram-scale access to valuable heterocyclic scaffolds and β-amino acids not readily accessible via existing approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliia V. Shymanska
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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13
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Ozeki M, Egawa H, Takano T, Mizutani H, Yasuda N, Arimitsu K, Kajimoto T, Hosoi S, Iwasaki H, Kojima N, Node M, Yamashita M. Novel and practical asymmetric synthesis of β 2,3 -amino esters using asymmetric Michael addition of chiral amine. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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14
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Mukherjee M, Zhou Y, Dai Y, Gupta AK, Pulgam VR, Staples RJ, Wulff WD. Catalyst-Controlled Multicomponent Aziridination of Chiral Aldehydes. Chemistry 2017; 23:2552-2556. [PMID: 28005302 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A highly diastereoselective and enantioselective method for the multicomponent aziridination of chiral aldehydes has been developed with BOROX catalysts of the VANOL (3,3'-diphenyl-2,2'-bi-1-naphthol) and VAPOL (2,2'-diphenyl-(4-biphenanthrol)) ligands. Very high to perfect catalyst control is observed with most all substrates examined including aldehydes with chiral centers in the α- and β-positions. High catalyst control was also observed for a number of chiral heterocyclic aldehydes allowing for the preparation of epoxy aziridines, bis(aziridines) and ethylene diaziridines. Application of this reaction in the synthesis of β3 -homo-d-alloisoleucine and β3 -homo-l-isoleucine is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munmun Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Yubai Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Yijing Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - AniL K Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - V Reddy Pulgam
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Richard J Staples
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - William D Wulff
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
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15
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Thodupunuri P, Katukuri S, Ramakrishna KVS, Sharma GVM, Kunwar AC, Sarma AVS, Hofmann HJ. Solvent-Directed Switch of a Left-Handed 10/12-Helix into a Right-Handed 12/10-Helix in Mixed β-Peptides. J Org Chem 2017; 82:2018-2031. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth Thodupunuri
- Organic
and Biomolecular Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Sirisha Katukuri
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance & Structural Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Kallaganti V. S. Ramakrishna
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance & Structural Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Gangavaram V. M. Sharma
- Organic
and Biomolecular Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Ajit C. Kunwar
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance & Structural Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Akella V. S. Sarma
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance & Structural Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Hans-Jörg Hofmann
- Institute
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biosciences, University of Leipzig, Brüderstrasse 34, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
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16
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Wang Y, Yang J, Liu X, Zhao L, Yang D, Zhou J, Wang D, Mou L, Wang R. Endomorphin-1 analogs containing α-methyl-β-amino acids exhibit potent analgesic activity after peripheral administration. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:4951-4955. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01115f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
C-Terminal substitution with aromatic β2,3-amino acids can improve the bioactivity and bioavailability of endomorphin-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province
- Department of Pharmacology
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Lanzhou University
| | - Junxian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province
- Department of Pharmacology
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Lanzhou University
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province
- Department of Pharmacology
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Lanzhou University
| | - Long Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province
- Department of Pharmacology
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Lanzhou University
| | - Dongxu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province
- Department of Pharmacology
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Lanzhou University
| | - Jingjing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province
- Department of Pharmacology
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Lanzhou University
| | - Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province
- Department of Pharmacology
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Lanzhou University
| | - Lingyun Mou
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province
- Department of Pharmacology
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Lanzhou University
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province
- Department of Pharmacology
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Lanzhou University
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17
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Marcantoni E, Petrini M. Recent Developments in the Stereoselective Synthesis of Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles usingN-Acylimines as Reactive Substrates. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201600644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Marcantoni
- School of Science and Technology; Chemistry Division; Università di Camerino; via S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Italy
| | - Marino Petrini
- School of Science and Technology; Chemistry Division; Università di Camerino; via S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Italy
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18
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Ye J, Wang C, Chen L, Wu X, Zhou L, Sun J. Chiral Lewis Base-Catalyzed, Enantioselective Reduction of Unprotected β-Enamino Esters with Trichlorosilane. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201501061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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19
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Goodman CG, Johnson JS. Asymmetric Synthesis of β-Amino Amides by Catalytic Enantioconvergent 2-Aza-Cope Rearrangement. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:14574-7. [PMID: 26561873 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b09593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic kinetic resolutions of α-stereogenic-β-formyl amides in asymmetric 2-aza-Cope rearrangements are described. Chiral phosphoric acids catalyze this rare example of a non-hydrogenative DKR of a β-oxo acid derivative. The [3,3]-rearrangement occurs with high diastereo- and enantiocontrol, forming β-imino amides that can be deprotected to the primary β-amino amide or reduced to the corresponding diamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Guy Goodman
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Jeffrey S Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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20
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Xing L, Li C. Stereoselective Chlorination and Bromination of Enamides and Enamines via an Electrostatic Attraction Effect Using (1,1-Diacetoxyiodo)benzene and a Halide Source. J Org Chem 2015; 80:10000-8. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Xing
- Department of Chemistry,
School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chunbao Li
- Department of Chemistry,
School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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21
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Longobardo L, DellaGreca M, de Paola I. A practical route to β(2,3)-amino acids with alkyl side chains. SPRINGERPLUS 2015; 4:553. [PMID: 26435899 PMCID: PMC4583557 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-1351-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Enantiopure N(Boc)-β3-amino nitriles, valuable synthetic intermediates in the multistep homologation of α-amino acids, were alkylated using n-BuLi as base. Alkylations afforded easily separable, almost equimolecular mixtures of diastereomeric N(Boc)-protected syn and anti β2,3-amino nitriles. Suitable manipulations of both cyano and amino groups eventually led to enantiopure N- and/or C-protected β2,3-amino acids. For example, methanolysis using conc. HCl gas in MeOH, provides C-protected β2,3 amino acids in excellent yields. This methodology is applied to the synthesis of a series N(Boc)-β2,3-dialkyl amino nitriles derived from l-phenylalanine, d-phenylalanine, l-valine and one C-protected β2,3 amino acid. We demonstrate an efficient procedure for the preparation of anti and syn β2,3-amino acids with alkyl side chains, from α-amino acids in reasonable yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Longobardo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Marina DellaGreca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Ivan de Paola
- Dipartimento delle Scienze Biologiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy
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22
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Kardos M, Kiss L, Fülöp F. Stereocontrolled Synthesis of Difunctionalized Azetidinones and β2, 3-Amino Acid Derivatives from Cyclodienes by Ring-Opening and Cross-Metathesis Reactions. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201500286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Márton Kardos
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; University of Szeged; 6720 Szeged Eötvös u. 6 Hungary
| | - Loránd Kiss
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; University of Szeged; 6720 Szeged Eötvös u. 6 Hungary
| | - Ferenc Fülöp
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; University of Szeged; 6720 Szeged Eötvös u. 6 Hungary
- Stereochemistry Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences; University of Szeged; 6720 Szeged Eötvös u. 6 Hungary
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23
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Christmann M, Hu J, Kitamura M, Stoltz B. Tetrahedron reports on organic chemistry. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(15)00744-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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