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Benitez-Martin C, Guadix JA, Pearson JR, Najera F, Perez-Pomares JM, Perez-Inestrosa E. Indolenine-Based Derivatives as Customizable Two-Photon Fluorescent Probes for pH Bioimaging in Living Cells. ACS Sens 2020. [PMID: 32227860 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2018.12.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Novel pH probes based on 2-(6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-3H-indole have been synthesized and characterized. These compounds display excellent "off-on" fluorescence responses to acidic pH especially under two-photon (TP) excitation conditions as well as strong selectivity and sensitivity toward H+. These features are supported by fluorescence quantum yields over 35%, TP cross sections ∼60 GM, and good resistance to photodegradation under acidic conditions. The synthetic versatility of this model allows subcellular targets to be tuned through minor scaffold modifications without affecting its optical characteristics. The effectiveness of the probes' innate photophysical properties and the structural modifications for different pH-related applications are demonstrated in mouse embryonic fibroblast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Benitez-Martin
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica, Universidad de Málaga-IBIMA, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain
- Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnologı́a-BIONAND, Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía, c/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590 Campanillas, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Juan A Guadix
- Departamento de Biologı́a Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga-IBIMA, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain
- Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnologı́a-BIONAND, Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía, c/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590 Campanillas, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - John R Pearson
- Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnologı́a-BIONAND, Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía, c/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590 Campanillas, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Francisco Najera
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica, Universidad de Málaga-IBIMA, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain
- Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnologı́a-BIONAND, Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía, c/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590 Campanillas, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Jose M Perez-Pomares
- Departamento de Biologı́a Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga-IBIMA, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain
- Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnologı́a-BIONAND, Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía, c/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590 Campanillas, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Ezequiel Perez-Inestrosa
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica, Universidad de Málaga-IBIMA, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain
- Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnologı́a-BIONAND, Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía, c/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590 Campanillas, Málaga 29071, Spain
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2
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Benitez-Martin C, Guadix JA, Pearson JR, Najera F, Perez-Pomares JM, Perez-Inestrosa E. Indolenine-Based Derivatives as Customizable Two-Photon Fluorescent Probes for pH Bioimaging in Living Cells. ACS Sens 2020; 5:1068-1074. [PMID: 32227860 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b02590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Novel pH probes based on 2-(6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-3H-indole have been synthesized and characterized. These compounds display excellent "off-on" fluorescence responses to acidic pH especially under two-photon (TP) excitation conditions as well as strong selectivity and sensitivity toward H+. These features are supported by fluorescence quantum yields over 35%, TP cross sections ∼60 GM, and good resistance to photodegradation under acidic conditions. The synthetic versatility of this model allows subcellular targets to be tuned through minor scaffold modifications without affecting its optical characteristics. The effectiveness of the probes' innate photophysical properties and the structural modifications for different pH-related applications are demonstrated in mouse embryonic fibroblast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Benitez-Martin
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica, Universidad de Málaga-IBIMA, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain
- Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnologı́a-BIONAND, Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía, c/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590 Campanillas, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Juan A. Guadix
- Departamento de Biologı́a Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga-IBIMA, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain
- Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnologı́a-BIONAND, Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía, c/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590 Campanillas, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - John R. Pearson
- Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnologı́a-BIONAND, Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía, c/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590 Campanillas, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Francisco Najera
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica, Universidad de Málaga-IBIMA, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain
- Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnologı́a-BIONAND, Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía, c/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590 Campanillas, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Jose M. Perez-Pomares
- Departamento de Biologı́a Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga-IBIMA, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain
- Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnologı́a-BIONAND, Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía, c/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590 Campanillas, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Ezequiel Perez-Inestrosa
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica, Universidad de Málaga-IBIMA, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain
- Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnologı́a-BIONAND, Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía, c/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590 Campanillas, Málaga 29071, Spain
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Yudhistira T, Mulay SV, Kim Y, Halle MB, Churchill DG. Imaging of Hypochlorous Acid by Fluorescence and Applications in Biological Systems. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:3048-3084. [PMID: 31347256 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, HOCl research has attracted a lot of scientists from around the world. This chemical species is well known as an important player in the biological systems of eukaryotic organisms including humans. In the human body, HOCl is produced by the myeloperoxidase enzyme from superoxide in very low concentrations (20 to 400 μm); this species is secreted by neutrophils and monocytes to help fight pathogens. However, in the condition called "oxidative stress", HOCl has the capability to attack many important biomolecules such as amino acids, proteins, nucleotides, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids; these reactions could ultimately contribute to a number of diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases (AD, PD, and ALS), cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. In this review, we discuss recent efforts by scientists to synthesize various fluorophores which are attached to receptors to detect HOCl such as: chalcogen-based oxidation, oxidation of 4-methoxyphenol, oxime/imine, lactone ring opening, and hydrazine. These synthetic molecules, involving rational synthetic pathways, allow us to chemoselectively target HOCl and to study the level of HOCl selectivity through emission responses. Virtually all the reports here deal with well-defined and small synthetic molecular systems. A large number of published compounds have been reported over the past years; this growing field has given scientists new insights regarding the design of the chemosensors. Reversibility, for example is considered important from the stand point of chemosensor reuse within the biological system; facile regenerability using secondary analytes to obtain the initial probe is a very promising avenue. Another aspect which is also important is the energy of the emission wavelength of the sensor; near-infrared (NIR) emission is favorable to prevent autofluorescence and harmful irradiation of tissue; thus, extended applicability of such sensors can be made to the mouse model or animal model to help image internal organs. In this review, we describe several well-known types of receptors that are covalently attached to the fluorophore to detect HOCl. We also discuss the common fluorophores which are used by chemist to detect HOCl, Apart from the chemical aspects, we also discuss the capabilities of the compounds to detect HOCl in living cells as measured through confocal imaging. The growing insight from HOCl probing suggests that there is still much room for improvement regarding the available molecular designs, knowledge of interplay between analytes, biological applicability, biological targeting, and chemical switching, which can also serve to further sensor and theurapeutic agent development alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tesla Yudhistira
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sandip V Mulay
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.,Artificial Photosynthesis Research Group, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 100 Jang-dong, Yuseong, Daejeon, 305 600, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsam Kim
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.,Semiconductor Material Division, LG Chemistry, 104-1, Munji-dong, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahesh B Halle
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - David G Churchill
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.,KI for Health Science and Technology, KI Institute, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
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Gong YJ, Lv MK, Zhang ML, Kong ZZ, Mao GJ. A novel two-photon fluorescent probe with long-wavelength emission for monitoring HClO in living cells and tissues. Talanta 2019; 192:128-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.08.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Tang C, Jin L, Lin Y, Su J, Sun Y, Liu P, Li Q, Wang G, Zhang Z, Du L, Li M. Aminoluciferin 4-hydroxyphenyl amide enables bioluminescence detection of endogenous tyrosinase. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:9197-9203. [PMID: 30467562 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01777h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosinase, a copper-containing enzyme existing widely in plants, animals and microorganisms, usually serves as an important biomarker in melanoma, and is also related to hyperpigmentation of the skin, melasma, age spots and albinism. At present, only one bioluminescent probe has been applied to image tyrosinase in cells. Thus, it's of great significance to develop a new bioluminescent probe that can detect tyrosinase in living cells and in live animals. In the current work, we report a new BL probe, TyrBP-3, which not detect tyrosinase in vitro and in living cells, but can also visualize the level of tyrosinase activity in tumors of living animals. In summary, TyrBP-3 is the first bioluminescent probe that can image tyrosinase on a cellular level. Hence, we anticipate that TyrBP-3 can be a good tool to monitor tyrosinase in complex biosystems in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunchao Tang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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Philips DS, Sreejith S, He T, Menon NV, Anees P, Mathew J, Sajikumar S, Kang Y, Stuparu MC, Sun H, Zhao Y, Ajayaghosh A. A Three-Photon Active Organic Fluorophore for Deep Tissue Ratiometric Imaging of Intracellular Divalent Zinc. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:1523-7. [PMID: 26991763 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201600170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Deep tissue bioimaging with three-photon (3P) excitation using near-infrared (NIR) light in the second IR window (1.0-1.4 μm) could provide high resolution images with an improved signal-to-noise ratio. Herein, we report a photostable and nontoxic 3P excitable donor-π-acceptor system (GMP) having 3P cross-section (σ3 ) of 1.78×10(-80) cm(6) s(2) photon(-2) and action cross-section (σ3 η3 ) of 2.31×10(-81) cm(6) s(2) photon(-2) , which provides ratiometric fluorescence response with divalent zinc ions in aqueous conditions. The probe signals the Zn(2+) binding at 530 and 600 nm, respectively, upon 1150 nm excitation with enhanced σ3 of 1.85×10(-80) cm(6) s(2) photon(-2) and σ3 η3 of 3.33×10(-81) cm(6) s(2) photon(-2) . The application of this probe is demonstrated for ratiometric 3P imaging of Zn(2+) in vitro using HuH-7 cell lines. Furthermore, the Zn(2+) concentration in rat hippocampal slices was imaged at 1150 nm excitation after incubation with GMP, illustrating its potential as a 3P ratiometric probe for deep tissue Zn(2+) ion imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Susan Philips
- Photosciences and Photonics Group, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, India
| | - Sivaramapanicker Sreejith
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Tingchao He
- College of Physics and Technology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.,Division of Physics and Applied Physics, Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies (CDPT), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nishanth Venugopal Menon
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, 637459, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Palapuravan Anees
- Photosciences and Photonics Group, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, India
| | - Jomon Mathew
- Nanosystem Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 2, Tsukuba, 3058568, Japan
| | - Sreedharan Sajikumar
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117597, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yuejun Kang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, 637459, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mihaiela Corina Stuparu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Handong Sun
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies (CDPT), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Yanli Zhao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Ayyappanpillai Ajayaghosh
- Photosciences and Photonics Group, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, India.
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Chen Y, Chen B, Luo D, Cai Y, Wei Y, Han Y. A facile naphthalene-based fluorescent ‘turn-on’ chemodosimeter for palladium ions in aqueous solution. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Pinkerton NM, Frongia C, Lobjois V, Wilson BK, Bruzek MJ, Prud'homme RK, Anthony J, Bolze F, Chassaing S. Red-emitting, EtTP-5-based organic nanoprobes for two-photon imaging in 3D multicellular biological models. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra09954h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biocompatible and biostable EtTP-5-loaded organic core–shell nanoparticles have been successfully evaluated for their potential as red-emitting fluorescent nanoprobes for two-photon imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Brian K. Wilson
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Princeton University
- Princeton
- USA
| | | | - Robert K. Prud'homme
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Princeton University
- Princeton
- USA
| | - John Anthony
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Kentucky
- Lexington
- USA
| | - Frédéric Bolze
- Laboratoire de Conception et Application des Molécules Bioactives
- UMR 7199
- Equipe de Chimie et Neurologie Moléculaire
- Faculté de Pharmacie
- Université de Strasbourg
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