1
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Lei S, Bu S, Yao M, Wang SR. Divergent Aromatization of α-Halobenzyl γ-Butenolides Initiated by Selective Enol Protonation to Benzo[ c]fluorenones and Naphthalenes. J Org Chem 2024; 89:11067-11071. [PMID: 39041582 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c01181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
An unprecedented divergent aromatization reaction of α-halobenzyl γ-butenolides has been described for the selective and concise synthesis of highly substituted benzo and higher π-extended fluorenones, and 1,3-disubstituted naphthalenes depending on the migration ability of the quaternary α-substituent. This aromatization switch from Ag+-mediated planarization to ylidenebutenolides likely originates from selective protonation on the enolic double bond rather than the benzyl halides by TfOH.
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2
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Maurya JP, Ramasastry SSV. Interrupted Corey-Chaykovsky Reaction of Tethered Bis-Enones to Access 2,3-Epoxy-hexahydrofluoren-9-ones. Org Lett 2024; 26:4571-4575. [PMID: 38759229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
The Corey-Chaykovsky reaction is usually employed to synthesize cyclopropanes from activated olefins. We intercepted the intermediates prevailing during this transformation and diverted the process for the creation of intricate molecular motifs. We describe an unusual skeletal remodelling of tethered bis-enones to 2,3-epoxy-hexahydrofluoren-9-ones via an "interrupted Corey-Chaykovsky reaction". The strategy rationally merges the nucleophilic features of sulfur ylides with electronically biased olefins to achieve the regio- and stereoselective synthesis of several new classes of hydrofluorenones. We have demonstrated the synthetic utility of the products in accessing several highly functionalized molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Prakash Maurya
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81 S A S Nagar, Manauli PO, Punjab 140 306, India
| | - S S V Ramasastry
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81 S A S Nagar, Manauli PO, Punjab 140 306, India
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3
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Zinchenko SV, Kobelevskaya VA, Popov AV. 6aH-Benzo[α]fluorene: NMR evidence of the unexpected product of the reaction of butyryl chloride with 1,2-diphenylacetylene. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2024; 62:61-68. [PMID: 37937481 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of butyryl chloride with ethynylbenzene in the presence of AlCl3 afforded a mixture of the Z/E-isomers of 1-chloro-2-phenylhex-1-en-3-one. 1,2-Diphenylethyne under these conditions gave a novel polycarbocycle core, 6aH-benzo[a]fluorene. The chemical structure of 11-chloro-5,6-diphenyl-6a-propyl-6aH-benzo[a]fluorene was established by means of IE-MS, 1 H, 13 C NMR, COSY, HSQC, HMBC, and 2D INADEQUATE technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V Zinchenko
- A.E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Irkutsk, Russian Federation
| | - Valentina A Kobelevskaya
- A.E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Irkutsk, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander V Popov
- A.E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Irkutsk, Russian Federation
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4
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Chen LY, Li J. Skeletal Editing of Dibenzolactones to Fluorenes via Ni- or Pd-Catalyzed Decarboxylation. J Org Chem 2023; 88:10252-10256. [PMID: 37406152 PMCID: PMC10528846 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
The skeletal editing of dibenzolactones to fluorenes by Ni- or Pd-catalyzed decarboxylation is reported. In contrast to previously reported intramolecular decarboxylative couplings, inductively electron-withdrawing ortho substituents on the aryl carboxylate moiety and metal additives are not required. The decarboxylation reaction proceeds cleanly and can be applied to the skeletal editing of a natural product analogue. Mechanistic observations are consistent with stabilization of the carboxylate-ligated Ni complex over the Ni-carboxylate ion pair, which is the key factor in promoting the challenging decarboxylation step in the catalytic cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Yu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Junqi Li
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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5
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Deng YH, Zhang CB, Sun JJ, Xu WL, Fu JY. A regioselective [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of 2-benzylidene-1-indenones with functional olefins to access indanone-fused 2D/3D skeletons. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:4388-4392. [PMID: 37161754 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00559c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The regioselective [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of 2-benzylidene-1-indenones with functional olefins was established with DABCO as a base under mild conditions. Using this approach, a series of diversely substituted indanone-fused cyclopentane polycycles with highly crowded multiple substituents were synthesized in high yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hang Deng
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Functional Materials and Catalytic Reaction, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Chuan-Bao Zhang
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Functional Materials and Catalytic Reaction, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou Railway Vocational & Technical College, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Jun-Jie Sun
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Functional Materials and Catalytic Reaction, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Wen-Li Xu
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Functional Materials and Catalytic Reaction, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Ji-Ya Fu
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Functional Materials and Catalytic Reaction, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
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6
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Liu C, Yu J, Bao L, Zhang G, Zou X, Zheng B, Li Y, Zhang Y. Electricity-Promoted Friedel-Crafts Acylation of Biarylcarboxylic Acids. J Org Chem 2023; 88:3794-3801. [PMID: 36861957 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c03071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
An electricity-promoted method for Friedel-Crafts acylation of biarylcarboxylic acids is described in this research. Various fluorenones can be accessed in up to 99% yields. During the acylation, electricity plays an essential role, which might motivate the chemical equilibrium by consuming the generated TFA. This study is predicted to provide an avenue to realize Friedel-Crafts acylation in a more environmentally friendly process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Jiage Yu
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Liang Bao
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Gaoyuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Xinyue Zou
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Bing Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yiyi Li
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yunfei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
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7
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Zhao X, Yu X, Liu M, Huo Y, Ji S, Li X, Chen Q. Direct Benzylic C-H Functionalization with Fluorenones under Visible-Light Irradiation. J Org Chem 2023; 88:2612-2620. [PMID: 36725672 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
An external photocatalyst-free benzylic C-H functionalization with fluorenones under visible-light irradiation has been achieved. This transformation provides an efficient synthetic approach to 9-benzylated fluorenols in ≤91% yield with 100% atom economy under mild conditions. Spectroscopic studies suggest that a reductive quenching of photoexcited fluorenones with toluene derivatives generates ketyl radicals and benzyl radicals, which undergo a cross-coupling to afford the desired fluorenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Mingjun Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yanping Huo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Shaomin Ji
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xianwei Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Qian Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
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8
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Guo JD, Chen YJ, Wang CH, He Q, Yang XL, Ding TY, Zhang K, Ci RN, Chen B, Tung CH, Wu LZ. Direct Excitation of Aldehyde to Activate the C(sp 2 )-H Bond by Cobaloxime Catalysis toward Fluorenones Synthesis with Hydrogen Evolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214944. [PMID: 36510781 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A new way to form fluorenones via the direct excitation of substrates instead of photocatalyst to activate the C(sp2 )-H bond under redox-neutral condition is reported. Our design relies on the photoexcited aromatic aldehyde intermediates that can be intercepted by cobaloxime catalyst through single electron transfer for following β-H elimination. The generation of acyl radical and successful interception by a metal catalyst cobaloxime avoid the use of a photocatalyst and stoichiometric external oxidants, affording a series of highly substituted fluorenones, including six-membered ketones, such as xanthone and thioxanthone derivatives in good to excellent yields, and with hydrogen as the only byproduct. This catalytic system features a readily available metal catalyst, mild reaction conditions and broad substrate scope, in which sunlight reaction and scale-up experiments by continuous-flow approach make the new methodology sustainable and amenable for potentially operational procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Dong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Jing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chen-Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qiao He
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiu-Long Yang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Tian-Yu Ding
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Rui-Nan Ci
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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9
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Design, photophysical properties, and applications of fluorene-based fluorophores in two-photon fluorescence bioimaging: A review. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C: PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2022.100529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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10
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Xenoacremones D-H, Bioactive Tyrosine-decahydrofluorene Analogues from the Plant-Derived Fungus Xenoacremonium sinensis. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20060375. [PMID: 35736178 PMCID: PMC9227518 DOI: 10.3390/md20060375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Five novel tyrosine-decahydrofluorene analogues, xenoacremones D−H (1−5), each bearing a fused 6/5/6 tricarbocyclic core and a 13-membered para-cyclophane ring system, were isolated from the endophytic fungus Xenoacremonium sinensis. Compound 1 was a novel polyketide synthase−nonribosomal peptide synthetase (PKS−NRPS) tyrosine-decahydrofluorene hybrid containing a 6/5/6/6/5 ring system. Their structures were elucidated from comprehensive spectroscopic analysis and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. All compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory activities on LPS-induced NO production in macrophages and their cytotoxicities against the NB4 and U937 cell lines. Compounds 3 and 5 exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activities in vitro. Compounds 1 and 3−5 displayed significant antiproliferative activity against the tumor cell lines (IC50 < 20 µM).
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11
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Laha JK, Gulati U, Saima, Schulte T, Breugst M. pH-Controlled Intramolecular Decarboxylative Cyclization of Biarylacetic Acids: Implication on Umpolung Reactivity of Aroyl Radicals. J Org Chem 2022; 87:6638-6656. [PMID: 35484866 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A simple approach for the intramolecular aroylation of electron-rich arenes under mild conditions has been developed. A pH-controlled polarity umpolung strategy can be used to synthesize different fluorenones, which are important building blocks for biological applications. Unlike previous acylation reactions involving nucleophilic aroyl radicals, this approach likely relies on in situ generated electrophilic aroyl radicals. Detailed mechanistic and computational investigations provide detailed insights into the reaction mechanism and support the hypothesis of a pH-mediated umpolung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joydev K Laha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Process Chemistry), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Upma Gulati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Process Chemistry), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Saima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Process Chemistry), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Tim Schulte
- Department für Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Greinstraße 4, 50939 Köln, Germany
| | - Martin Breugst
- Department für Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Greinstraße 4, 50939 Köln, Germany.,Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Straße der Nationen 62, 09111 Chemnitz, Germany
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12
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Pankhade YA, Pandey R, Fatma S, Ahmad F, Anand RV. TfOH-Catalyzed Intramolecular Annulation of 2-(Aryl)-Phenyl-Substituted p-Quinone Methides under Continuous Flow: Total Syntheses of Selaginpulvilin I and Isoselagintamarlin A. J Org Chem 2022; 87:3363-3377. [PMID: 35107013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we describe a convenient method to access 9-aryl fluorene derivatives through a TfOH-catalyzed intramolecular 1,6-conjugate arylation of 2-(aryl)-phenyl-substituted p-quinone methides (QMs) under continuous flow using the microreaction technique. This method was found to be very effective for most of the p-QMs, and the corresponding 9-aryl fluorene derivatives were obtained in moderate to excellent yields. Moreover, this protocol was further elaborated to the first total syntheses of selaginpulvilin I and isoselagintamarlin A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh A Pankhade
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, Knowledge City, S. A. S. Nagar, Manauli, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Rajat Pandey
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, Knowledge City, S. A. S. Nagar, Manauli, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Shaheen Fatma
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, Knowledge City, S. A. S. Nagar, Manauli, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Feroz Ahmad
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, Knowledge City, S. A. S. Nagar, Manauli, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Ramasamy Vijaya Anand
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, Knowledge City, S. A. S. Nagar, Manauli, Punjab 140306, India
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13
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Srdič M, Fessner ND, Yildiz D, Glieder A, Spiertz M, Schwaneberg U. Preparative Production of Functionalized (N- and O-Heterocyclic) Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Human Cytochrome P450 3A4 in a Bioreactor. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020153. [PMID: 35204652 PMCID: PMC8961652 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their N- and O-containing derivatives (N-/O-PAHs) are environmental pollutants and synthetically attractive building blocks in pharmaceuticals. Functionalization of PAHs can be achieved via C-H activation by cytochrome P450 enzymes (e.g., P450 CYP3A4) in an environmentally friendly manner. Despite its broad substrate scope, the contribution of CYP3A4 to metabolize common PAHs in humans was found to be small. We recently showcased the potential of CYP3A4 in whole-cell biocatalysis with recombinant yeast Komagataella phaffii (Pichia pastoris) catalysts for the preparative-scale synthesis of naturally occurring metabolites in humans. In this study, we aimed at exploring the substrate scope of CYP3A4 towards (N-/O)-PAHs and conducted a bioconversion experiment at 10 L scale to validate the synthetic potential of CYP3A4 for the preparative-scale production of functionalized PAH metabolites. Hydroxylated products were purified and characterized using HPLC and NMR analysis. In total, 237 mg of fluorenol and 48 mg of fluorenone were produced from 498 mg of fluorene, with peak productivities of 27.7 μmol/L/h for fluorenol and 5.9 μmol/L/h for fluorenone; the latter confirmed that CYP3A4 is an excellent whole-cell biocatalyst for producing authentic human metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matic Srdič
- SeSaM-Biotech GmbH, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Nico D. Fessner
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Deniz Yildiz
- DWI—Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Markus Spiertz
- SeSaM-Biotech GmbH, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (U.S.)
| | - Ulrich Schwaneberg
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- DWI—Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (U.S.)
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14
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Bioactive PKS-NRPS Alkaloids from the Plant-Derived Endophytic Fungus Xylaria arbuscula. Molecules 2021; 27:molecules27010136. [PMID: 35011368 PMCID: PMC8746755 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel hybrid PKS–NRPS alkaloid, xylarialoid A (1), containing a 13-membered macrocyclic moiety and [5,5,6] fused tricarbocyclic rings, together with ten known cytochalasins (2–11), was isolated from a plant-derived endophytic fungus, Xylaria arbuscula. The chemical structures of all compounds were elucidated using 1D and 2D NMR, HR ESIMS spectroscopic analyses, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation. Compounds 1–3 and 10 exhibited significant antitumor activities against A549 and Hep G2 cell lines, with IC50 values of 3.6–19.6 μM. In addition, compound 1 showed potent anti-inflammatory activity against LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in macrophage RAW 264.7 cells (IC50, 6.6 μM).
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15
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Sakurai Y, Ikai K, Hayakawa K, Ogiwara Y, Sakai N. Palladium-Catalyzed Intramolecular Aromatic C–H Acylation of 2-Arylbenzoyl Fluorides. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Sakurai
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Kana Ikai
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuki Hayakawa
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yohei Ogiwara
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Norio Sakai
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
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16
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Shkoor M, Bayari R. DMAP-Catalyzed Reaction of Diethyl 1,3-Acetonedicarboxylate with 2-Hydroxybenzylideneindenediones: Facile Synthesis of Fluorenone-Fused Coumarins. Synlett 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1385-2345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe base-catalyzed reaction of diethyl 1,3-acetonedicarboxylate with 2-hydroxybenzylidene indenediones was studied. The reaction provides a facile and expeditious protocol for the synthesis of natural product inspired fluorenone-fused coumarins in good to very good yields. This process resembles a combination of domino Michael–intramolecular Knoevenagel–aromatization–lactonization reactions in a single step. Although this reaction operates with many bases, the best yields were obtained with DMAP as a catalyst. This protocol could open new potential avenues for the synthesis of fused coumarins by the reaction of substituted β-keto esters with different 2-(2-hydroxybenzylidenes) of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds.
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17
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Xue D, Que Y, Shao H, He H, Zhao X, Gao S. Stereoselective Synthesis of the Core Structures of Pyrrocidines and Wortmannines through the Excited-State Nazarov Reactions. Org Lett 2021; 23:2736-2741. [PMID: 33760620 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The reaction conditions and scope of the excited-state Nazarov reaction of dicyclicvinyl ketones were studied. The stereochemistry of this electrocyclization is consistent with the mechanism of the pericyclic reaction and Woodward-Hoffmann rule. UV-light-promoted excited-state Nazarov reactions gave hydrofluorenones bearing a syn-cis configuration via a disrotatory cyclization. The core tricyclic hydrofluorenones of pyrrocidines and wortmannines were constructed via the excited-state Nazarov reactions, which demonstrated their synthetic potential in complex natural product total synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Xue
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yonglei Que
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Hao Shao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Haibing He
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Shuanhu Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
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18
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Dömling A, Neochoritis CG, Lei X, Thomaidi M, Angeli GK. Fluorene-Based Multicomponent Reactions. Synlett 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1471-9080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractFluorene and fluorenone are privileged structures with extensive utility in both materials science and drug discovery. Here, we describe syntheses of those moieties through isocyanide-based multicomponent reactions (IMCRs) and the incorporation of the products in diverse and complex derivatives that can be further utilized. We performed six different IMCRs, based on the dual functionality of 9-isocyano-9H-fluorene, and we describe 23 unprecedented adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xiaofang Lei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete
- Department of Pharmacy, Drug Design Group, University of Groningen
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19
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Abstract
The asymmetric synthesis of cephanolide B, a complex C18 Cephalotaxus dinorditerpenoid, is presented for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200062
- China
| | - Haibing He
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200062
- China
| | - Shuanhu Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200062
- China
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20
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Hu CX, Chen L, Hu D, Song X, Chen ZC, Du W, Chen YC. Construction of Enantioenriched 9H-Fluorene Frameworks via a Cascade Reaction Involving Remote Vinylogous Dynamic Kinetic Resolution. Org Lett 2020; 22:8973-8977. [PMID: 33175549 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Xia Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Ministry of Education and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Ministry of Education and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Di Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Ministry of Education and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xue Song
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Ministry of Education and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhi-Chao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Ministry of Education and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Ministry of Education and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ying-Chun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Ministry of Education and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, China
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21
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Zhang H, He H, Gao S. Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Cephanolide A. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:20417-20422. [PMID: 32749749 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The first asymmetric total synthesis of cephanolide A, a complex hexacyclic C18 dinorditerpenoid from cephalotaxus sinensis, was achieved. The synthesis features a convergent strategy, which provides a flexible approach to prepare the biogenetically cephalotaxus diterpenoids and structurally related derivatives for biological studies. A mild intramolecular Prins cyclization was developed to construct the central hexahydrofluorenol skeleton (A-B-C ring), which relies on the originally proposed hydroacylation strategy. A remote hydroxy group directed hydrogenation was applied to stereospecifically reduce the tetra-substituted enone unit. A sequence of ring forming steps, including lactonization, cation mediated etherification and Friedel-Crafts cyclization, was efficiently utilized to forge the cage-like skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Haibing He
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Shuanhu Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
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22
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Yaragorla S, Rajesh P. In Situ Generation of Allenes and their Application to One‐Pot Assembly of Functionalized Fluoreno[3,2‐
b
]furans by Calcium‐Catalyzed, Regioselective, 3‐Component Reactions. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasarao Yaragorla
- School of Chemistry, Gurbaksh Building, W‐16, 17 University of Hyderabad P.O. Central University Gachibowli Hyderabad 5000046 Telangana State India
| | - Pallava Rajesh
- School of Chemistry, Gurbaksh Building, W‐16, 17 University of Hyderabad P.O. Central University Gachibowli Hyderabad 5000046 Telangana State India
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23
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24
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Angello NH, Wiley RE, Abelt CJ, Scheerer JR. Synthesis and Spectrophotometric Analysis of 1-Azafluorenone Derivatives. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25153358. [PMID: 32722081 PMCID: PMC7436005 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A new extension for the 'one pot' construction of diverse 1-azafluorene derivatives featuring a Diels-Alder/retro-Diels-Alder cycloaddition is reported. Conditions were also determined for oxidation to the derived azafluorenones. The spectrophotometric analysis of five different azafluorenones were performed. Moderate fluorescence was observed with azafluorenone derivatives that bear an imbedded pyridone motif; whereas those bearing substituted pyridines do not fluoresce.
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25
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Santhi J, Baire B. One‐pot, Direct Synthesis of 3‐Hydroxy‐3‐aryl‐1‐indanones and their 2‐Benzylidene Derivatives from 2‐Alkynylbenzophenones. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202001104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jampani Santhi
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai Tamil Nadu 600036 India
| | - Beeraiah Baire
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai Tamil Nadu 600036 India
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26
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Que Y, Shao H, He H, Gao S. Total Synthesis of Farnesin through an Excited‐State Nazarov Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202001350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yonglei Que
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical, ProcessesSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Hao Shao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical, ProcessesSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Haibing He
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug DevelopmentEast China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Shuanhu Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical, ProcessesSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug DevelopmentEast China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
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27
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Que Y, Shao H, He H, Gao S. Total Synthesis of Farnesin through an Excited‐State Nazarov Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:7444-7449. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202001350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yonglei Que
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical, ProcessesSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Hao Shao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical, ProcessesSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Haibing He
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug DevelopmentEast China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Shuanhu Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical, ProcessesSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug DevelopmentEast China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
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28
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Manick AD, Salgues B, Parrain JL, Zaborova E, Fages F, Amatore M, Commeiras L. Access to Fluorenones Using Benzocyclopentynone Surrogate as Partner for the [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition Reaction. Org Lett 2020; 22:1894-1898. [PMID: 32073278 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A convenient and versatile procedure for the straightforward synthesis of substituted fluorenones as valuable scaffolds is described under rhodium catalysis. The present [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of diynes with 3-acetoxy or-3-alkoxyindenones as surrogates of the highly reactive benzocyclopentynone 2π partner allows the preparation of various fluorenone-type derivatives in good yields and provides an additional and tunable process for the generation of more challenging molecules with application in pharmaceutical, polymer, and material sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruno Salgues
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINaM, UMR 7325, Marseille 13284, France
| | - Jean-Luc Parrain
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille 13397, France
| | - Elena Zaborova
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINaM, UMR 7325, Marseille 13284, France
| | - Frédéric Fages
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINaM, UMR 7325, Marseille 13284, France
| | - Muriel Amatore
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille 13397, France
| | - Laurent Commeiras
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille 13397, France
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29
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Fu WC, Kwong FY. A denitrogenative palladium-catalyzed cascade for regioselective synthesis of fluorenes. Chem Sci 2019; 11:1411-1417. [PMID: 34123265 PMCID: PMC8148384 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc04062e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We herein report a denitrogenative palladium-catalyzed cascade for the modular and regioselective synthesis of polysubstituted fluorenes. Hydrazone facilitates the Pd(ii) to Pd(iv) oxidative addition in a Catellani pathway and is also the methylene synthon in the proposed reaction. Aryl iodides and 2-bromoarylaldehyde hydrazones undergo a norbornene-controlled tandem reaction sequence to give a broad scope of fluorenes in the presence of a palladium catalyst. The method described is scalable and adaptable to a three-component reaction with in situ generation of the hydrazone group. Preliminary mechanistic investigations have been conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Chung Fu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin New Territories Hong Kong
| | - Fuk Yee Kwong
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin New Territories Hong Kong
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30
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Synthesis of Anthraquinones by Iridium-Catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition of a 1,2-Bis(propiolyl)benzene Derivative with Alkynes. INORGANICS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics7110138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
[2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition of a 1,2-bis(propiolyl)benzene derivative with terminal and internal alkynes takes place in the presence of [Ir(cod)Cl]2 (cod = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) combined with bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane (DPPE) to give anthraquinones in 42% to 93% yields with a simple experimental procedure. A fluorenone derivative can also be synthesized by iridium-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition of a benzene-linked ketodiyne with an internal alkyne to give a 94% yield.
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31
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Synthesis of Tri- and Disubstituted Fluorenols and Derivatives Thereof Using Catalytic [2+2+2] Cyclotrimerization. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9110942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A method for regioselective synthesis of 2,4-disubstituted and more highly substituted fluorenols using catalytic [2+2+2]cyclotrimerization of mono- and disubstituted diynes with terminal alkynes was explored. In the former case, the preferential formation of the 2,4-regioisomers was achieved in the presence of Cp*Ru(cod)Cl, whereas Rh-based catalysts tended to provide 3,4-regioisomers as the major products. The 2,4-disubstituted fluorenols were converted into the corresponding 9,9′-spirobifluorene derivatives and their structural and photophysical properties were evaluated.
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32
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Wang D, Zhao J, Chen J, Xu Q, Li H. Intramolecular Arylative Ring Opening of Donor‐Acceptor Cyclopropanes in the Presence of Triflic Acid: Synthesis of 9
H
‐Fluorenes and 9,10‐Dihydrophenanthrenes. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201900523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials EngineeringWenzhou University Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035 China
| | - Jing Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Materials EngineeringWenzhou University Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035 China
| | - Jun Chen
- Beijing Institute of Microchemistry No.15 Xinjiangongmen Road, Haidian District Beijing 100091 China
| | - Qing Xu
- College of Chemistry and Materials EngineeringWenzhou University Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035 China
| | - Huan Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials EngineeringWenzhou University Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035 China
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33
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Chen J, Sheykhahmad FR. Intramolecular cross‐dehydrogenative coupling of benzaldehyde derivatives: A novel and efficient route to benzocyclic ketones. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201900214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Donlinks School of Economics and ManagementUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
- School of BusinessJiangxi University of Science and Technology Nanchang 330013 China
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34
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Rodger RT, Graham MS, McErlean CSP. Hyperconjomer stereocontrol of cationic polyene cyclisations. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:8551-8560. [PMID: 31528940 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01364d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polyene cyclisations are a powerful method for the direct generation of molecular complexity. This paper describes the use of computational methods to investigate the stereoselectivity of cationic polyene cyclisations of geranylbenzene derivatives. The outcomes highlight the different reactivity of hyperconjomers during the key Friedel-Crafts alkylation step, and informed a successful strategy for the synthesis of (±)-taiwaniaquinone G with improved levels of stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert T Rodger
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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35
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Wang YF, Xu WG, Sun B, Yu QQ, Li TJ, Zhang FL. Monodentate Transient Directing Group Assisted Pd-Catalyzed Direct Dehydrogenative Cross-Coupling of Benzaldehydes with Arenes toward 9-Fluorenones. J Org Chem 2019; 84:13104-13111. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Feng Wang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Gang Xu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China
| | - Bing Sun
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China
| | - Qin-Qin Yu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China
| | - Tuan-Jie Li
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P.R. China
| | - Fang-Lin Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China
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36
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Abstract
Dicationic fluorenyl cations are shown to react with nitriles to provide amide-functionalized fluorenes. A similar reaction with alcohols gives ether derivatives. The chemistry is initiated by the reactions of N-heterocyclic ketones in a superacidic solution. This leads to cyclizations involving 2-biphenyl groups and formation of the reactive fluorenyl cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. Stentzel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, United States
| | - Douglas A. Klumpp
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, United States
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37
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Kaiser RP, Caivano I, Kotora M. Transition-metal-catalyzed methods for synthesis of fluorenes. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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38
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Zhong J, Chen K, Qiu Y, He H, Gao S. A Unified Strategy To Construct the Tetracyclic Ring of Calyciphylline A Alkaloids: Total Synthesis of Himalensine A. Org Lett 2019; 21:3741-3745. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Zhong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Kuanwei Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yuanyou Qiu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Haibing He
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Shuanhu Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
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39
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Penteado F, Lopes EF, Alves D, Perin G, Jacob RG, Lenardão EJ. α-Keto Acids: Acylating Agents in Organic Synthesis. Chem Rev 2019; 119:7113-7278. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Penteado
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL - CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Eric F. Lopes
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL - CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Diego Alves
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL - CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Gelson Perin
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL - CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Raquel G. Jacob
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL - CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Eder J. Lenardão
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL - CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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40
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Plaza M, Paraja M, Florentino L, Valdés C. Domino Synthesis of Benzo-Fused β,γ-Unsaturated Ketones from Alkenylboronic Acids and N-Tosylhydrazone-Tethered Benzonitriles. Org Lett 2019; 21:632-635. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Plaza
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica and Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles”, Universidad de Oviedo, c/Julián Clavería 8, Oviedo 33006, Spain
| | - Miguel Paraja
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica and Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles”, Universidad de Oviedo, c/Julián Clavería 8, Oviedo 33006, Spain
| | - Lucía Florentino
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica and Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles”, Universidad de Oviedo, c/Julián Clavería 8, Oviedo 33006, Spain
| | - Carlos Valdés
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica and Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles”, Universidad de Oviedo, c/Julián Clavería 8, Oviedo 33006, Spain
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41
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Shi Y, He H, Gao S. Recent advances in the total synthesis of gracilamine. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:12905-12913. [PMID: 30393793 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc07799a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Gracilamine belongs to the Amaryllidaceae alkaloid group and has a unique five-ring skeleton. Its scarcity in plants limits biological studies on it. A number of synthetic chemists have carried out the total synthesis of gracilamine in the past few years. This review will summarize the synthetic studies of gracilamine, and hopes to bring new inspiration to the research of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingbo Shi
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
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42
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Maity P, Mukhopadhyay C. Resorcinarene supramolecular organocatalyst for functionalized 1-tetralone synthesis in aqueous medium. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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43
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Sun Z, Huang Q, Han J, He W, Chen J, Xu Y, Deng H, Shao M, Zhang H, Cao W. Facile synthesis of perfluoroalkylated fluorenes via a one-pot two-step three-component process. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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44
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Palladium supported SBA-functionalizd 1,2-dicarboxylic acid: The first Pd-based heterogeneous synthesis of fluorenones. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2017.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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45
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Abstract
An efficient strategy for the formal total synthesis of selaginpulvilins A and C has been reported. This approach involves 6 and 7 linear synthetic operations and is associated with 10% and 7% overall yields respectively for selaginpulvilins A and C.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beeraiah Baire
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute of Technology Madras
- Chennai-600036
- India
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46
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François B, Szczubelek L, Berrée F, Roisnel T, Carboni B. Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling/Annulation Cascade for Synthesis of 9-Hydroxy and 9-Aminofluorenes. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201701146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin François
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes; UMR CNRS 6226; Université de Rennes 1; 263, Avenue du Général Leclerc, Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes CEDEX France
| | - Luc Szczubelek
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes; UMR CNRS 6226; Université de Rennes 1; 263, Avenue du Général Leclerc, Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes CEDEX France
| | - Fabienne Berrée
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes; UMR CNRS 6226; Université de Rennes 1; 263, Avenue du Général Leclerc, Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes CEDEX France
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes; UMR CNRS 6226; Université de Rennes 1; 263, Avenue du Général Leclerc, Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes CEDEX France
| | - Bertrand Carboni
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes; UMR CNRS 6226; Université de Rennes 1; 263, Avenue du Général Leclerc, Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes CEDEX France
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47
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Álvarez-Pérez M, Frutos M, Viso A, Fernández de la Pradilla R, de la Torre MC, Sierra MA, Gornitzka H, Hemmert C. Gold(I)-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization-Dimerization Cascade of Benzene-Tethered 1,6-Enynes. J Org Chem 2017. [PMID: 28650170 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
An unprecedented stereoselective domino reaction of 1,6-enynes with an aryl ring at C3-C4 in the presence of gold(I) catalysts at low temperature is described. This process involves a novel 5-exo-dig cycloisomerization-dimerization sequence to afford formal Diels-Alder adducts that undergo a smooth gold-catalyzed double bond migration at room temperature. In addition, the first examples of the gold mesoionic carbene mediated [2+2+2] cycloaddition of these enynes with benzaldehyde are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Álvarez-Pérez
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQOG-CSIC) , Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Frutos
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQOG-CSIC) , Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alma Viso
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQOG-CSIC) , Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Fernández de la Pradilla
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQOG-CSIC) , Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María C de la Torre
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQOG-CSIC) , Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Sierra
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Heinz Gornitzka
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination) , 205 route de Narbonne, BP 44099, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France.,Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT , F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Catherine Hemmert
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination) , 205 route de Narbonne, BP 44099, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France.,Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT , F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
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48
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49
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Chen XY, Ozturk S, Sorensen EJ. Synthesis of Fluorenones from Benzaldehydes and Aryl Iodides: Dual C–H Functionalizations Using a Transient Directing Group. Org Lett 2017; 19:1140-1143. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yang Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Seyma Ozturk
- Department
of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Erik J. Sorensen
- Department
of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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50
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Peng X, Luo H, Wu F, Zhu D, Ganesan A, Huang P, Wen S. Synthesis of Fluorenes with an All-Carbon Quaternary CenterviaPalladium-Catalyzed Dual Arylation using Cyclic Diaryliodonium Triflates. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201601260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Peng
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Sun Yat-sen University; 651 Dongfeng East Road Guangzhou 510060 People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; 280 Waihuan East Road Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
- Zhaoqing Medical College; 6 West River Road Zhaoqing 526060 People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwen Luo
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Sun Yat-sen University; 651 Dongfeng East Road Guangzhou 510060 People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; 280 Waihuan East Road Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Fuhai Wu
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; 280 Waihuan East Road Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Daqian Zhu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Sun Yat-sen University; 651 Dongfeng East Road Guangzhou 510060 People's Republic of China
| | - A. Ganesan
- School of Pharmacy; University of East Anglia; Norwich NR4 7TJ U.K
| | - Peng Huang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Sun Yat-sen University; 651 Dongfeng East Road Guangzhou 510060 People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Sun Yat-sen University; 132 Waihuan East Road Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Shijun Wen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Sun Yat-sen University; 651 Dongfeng East Road Guangzhou 510060 People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Sun Yat-sen University; 132 Waihuan East Road Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
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