BF3-catalyzed oxidative tandem annulation-aromatization of naphthols with terminal aryl alkenes

Visible-Light-Promoted Oxidative Annulation of Naphthols and Alkynes: Synthesis of Functionalized Naphthofurans

A visible-light-mediated site-selective oxidative annulation of naphthols with alkynes for the synthesis of functionalized naphthofurans has been developed. The reaction relies on the in situ formation of an electron donor acceptor pair between phenylacetylene and thiophenol as the light-absorbing system to obviate the requirement of an added photocatalyst. The protocol facilitates the transformation of 1-naphthol and 2-naphthol as well as 1,4-naphthoquinone into a wide variety of highly functionalized naphthofurans.

Metal-Free Tandem Oxidative Cyclization for the Synthesis of 1,2-Dihydropyridazines and Pyrazoles

Mediated by 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ), a novel oxidative coupling of hydrazones and 1,3-diarylpropenes has been disclosed to generate appealing β,γ-unsaturated hydrazones, which further undergo 5-exo-trig or 6-endo-trig cascade cyclization to give the respective 1,2-dihydropyridazines or pyrazoles selectively under metal-free conditions. The mechanisms of the coupling and subsequent cyclization are proposed.

Recent Achievement in the Synthesis of Benzo[b]furans

BACKGROUND

Benzo[b]furan derivatives are oxygen-containing heterocyclic compounds consisting of fused benzene and furan rings and are present in a large number of natural and non-natural compounds. This class of compounds has a wide spectrum of biological activities, such as antiarrhythmic, anticancer, inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiviral. Furthermore, benzo[b]furan derivatives have also been applied in various areas, such as organic electroluminescence device materials and organic dyes, photosensitizing material, organic synthesis as building blocks or intermediates. Because of a broad range of applicability, the synthesis of benzo[b]furan derivative has drawn great attention of chemists and many studies on the synthesis of this class of compounds have been reported recently. This review will give an overview of benzo[b]furan preparation based on studies dating back to the year 2012.

OBJECTIVE

In this review, recent development in the synthesis of benzo[b]furans are discussed. There has been increasingly new methodologies for the construction of benzo[b]furans skeleton to improve efficiency or develop environmentally friendly procedures. In some studies, reaction mechanisms were also outlined.

CONCLUSION

Many methods for the synthesis of benzo[b]furans have been reported recently. Most of them involve cyclization or cycloisomerization processes. Unquestionably, more imaginative strategies for the construction of benzo[b]furan skeleton will be established in the near future. Application of known methods to natural products or drug synthesis, on industrial scale for the synthesis of economically or medicinally important benzo[ b]furans will probably be paid attention to.