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Desenko SM, Gorobets MY, Lipson VV, Sakhno YI, Chebanov VA. Dihydroazolopyrimidines: Past, Present and Perspectives in Synthesis, Green Chemistry and Drug Discovery. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202300244. [PMID: 37668291 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Dihydroazolopyrimidines are an important class of heterocycles that are isosteric to natural purines and are therefore of great interest primarily as drug-like molecules. In contrast to the heteroaromatic analogs, synthetic approaches to these compounds were developed much later, and their chemical properties and biological activity have not been studied in detail until recently. In the review, different ways to build dihydroazolopyrimidine systems from different building blocks are described - via the initial formation of a partially hydrogenated pyrimidine ring or an azole ring, as well as a one-pot assembly of azole and azine fragments. Special attention is given to modern approaches: multicomponent reactions, green chemistry, and the use of non-classical activation methods. Information on the chemical properties of dihydroazolopyrimidines and the prospects for their use in the design of drugs of various profiles are also summarized in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serhiy M Desenko
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, State Scientific Institution "Institute for Single Crystals" NAS of Ukraine, Nauky ave. 60, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61072
| | - Mykola Yu Gorobets
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, State Scientific Institution "Institute for Single Crystals" NAS of Ukraine, Nauky ave. 60, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61072
| | - Victoria V Lipson
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, State Scientific Institution "Institute for Single Crystals" NAS of Ukraine, Nauky ave. 60, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61072
- Faculty of Chemistry, V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Svobody sq. 4, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61022
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, State Institution "V. Ya. Danilevsky Institute for Endocrine Pathology Problems" NAMS of Ukraine, Alchevskikh St. 10, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61002
| | - Yana I Sakhno
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, State Scientific Institution "Institute for Single Crystals" NAS of Ukraine, Nauky ave. 60, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61072
| | - Valentyn A Chebanov
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, State Scientific Institution "Institute for Single Crystals" NAS of Ukraine, Nauky ave. 60, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61072
- Faculty of Chemistry, V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Svobody sq. 4, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61022
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Spasov AA, Fedorova OV, Rasputin NA, Ovchinnikova IG, Ishmetova RI, Ignatenko NK, Gorbunov EB, Sadykhov GAO, Kucheryavenko AF, Gaidukova KA, Sirotenko VS, Rusinov GL, Verbitskiy EV, Charushin VN. Novel Substituted Azoloazines with Anticoagulant Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15581. [PMID: 37958560 PMCID: PMC10648877 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypercytokinemia, or cytokine storm, often complicates the treatment of viral and bacterial infections, including COVID-19, leading to the risk of thrombosis. However, the use of currently available direct anticoagulants for the treatment of COVID-19 patients is limited due to safety reasons. Therefore, the development of new anticoagulants remains an urgent task for organic and medicinal chemistry. At the same time, new drugs that combine anticoagulant properties with antiviral or antidiabetic activity could be helpfull in the treatment of COVID-19 patients, especially those suffering from such concomitant diseases as arterial hypertension or diabetes. We have synthesized a number of novel substituted azoloazines, some of which have previously been identified as compounds with pronounced antiviral, antibacterial, antidiabetic, antiaggregant, and anticoagulant activity. Two compounds from the family of 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines have demonstrated anticoagulant activity at a level exceeding or at least comparable with that of dabigatran etexilate as the reference compound. 7,5-Di(2-thienyl)-4,5-dihydro-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine has shown the highest ability to prolong the thrombin time, surpassing this reference drug by 2.2 times. This compound has also exhibited anticoagulant activity associated with the inhibition of thrombin (factor IIa). Moreover, the anticoagulant effect of this substance becomes enhanced under the conditions of a systemic inflammatory reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A. Spasov
- Department of Pharmacology & Bioinformatics, Scientific Center for Innovative Drugs, Volgograd State Medical University, Volgograd 400131, Russia; (A.F.K.); (K.A.G.); (V.S.S.)
| | - Olga V. Fedorova
- I. Ya. Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg 620108, Russia; (O.V.F.); (I.G.O.); (R.I.I.); (N.K.I.); (E.B.G.); (G.A.o.S.); (G.L.R.); (E.V.V.); (V.N.C.)
| | - Nikolay A. Rasputin
- I. Ya. Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg 620108, Russia; (O.V.F.); (I.G.O.); (R.I.I.); (N.K.I.); (E.B.G.); (G.A.o.S.); (G.L.R.); (E.V.V.); (V.N.C.)
| | - Irina G. Ovchinnikova
- I. Ya. Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg 620108, Russia; (O.V.F.); (I.G.O.); (R.I.I.); (N.K.I.); (E.B.G.); (G.A.o.S.); (G.L.R.); (E.V.V.); (V.N.C.)
| | - Rashida I. Ishmetova
- I. Ya. Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg 620108, Russia; (O.V.F.); (I.G.O.); (R.I.I.); (N.K.I.); (E.B.G.); (G.A.o.S.); (G.L.R.); (E.V.V.); (V.N.C.)
| | - Nina K. Ignatenko
- I. Ya. Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg 620108, Russia; (O.V.F.); (I.G.O.); (R.I.I.); (N.K.I.); (E.B.G.); (G.A.o.S.); (G.L.R.); (E.V.V.); (V.N.C.)
| | - Evgeny B. Gorbunov
- I. Ya. Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg 620108, Russia; (O.V.F.); (I.G.O.); (R.I.I.); (N.K.I.); (E.B.G.); (G.A.o.S.); (G.L.R.); (E.V.V.); (V.N.C.)
| | - Gusein A. o. Sadykhov
- I. Ya. Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg 620108, Russia; (O.V.F.); (I.G.O.); (R.I.I.); (N.K.I.); (E.B.G.); (G.A.o.S.); (G.L.R.); (E.V.V.); (V.N.C.)
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia
| | - Aida F. Kucheryavenko
- Department of Pharmacology & Bioinformatics, Scientific Center for Innovative Drugs, Volgograd State Medical University, Volgograd 400131, Russia; (A.F.K.); (K.A.G.); (V.S.S.)
| | - Kseniia A. Gaidukova
- Department of Pharmacology & Bioinformatics, Scientific Center for Innovative Drugs, Volgograd State Medical University, Volgograd 400131, Russia; (A.F.K.); (K.A.G.); (V.S.S.)
| | - Victor S. Sirotenko
- Department of Pharmacology & Bioinformatics, Scientific Center for Innovative Drugs, Volgograd State Medical University, Volgograd 400131, Russia; (A.F.K.); (K.A.G.); (V.S.S.)
| | - Gennady L. Rusinov
- I. Ya. Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg 620108, Russia; (O.V.F.); (I.G.O.); (R.I.I.); (N.K.I.); (E.B.G.); (G.A.o.S.); (G.L.R.); (E.V.V.); (V.N.C.)
- Department of Technology & Organic Synthesis, Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia
| | - Egor V. Verbitskiy
- I. Ya. Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg 620108, Russia; (O.V.F.); (I.G.O.); (R.I.I.); (N.K.I.); (E.B.G.); (G.A.o.S.); (G.L.R.); (E.V.V.); (V.N.C.)
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia
| | - Valery N. Charushin
- I. Ya. Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg 620108, Russia; (O.V.F.); (I.G.O.); (R.I.I.); (N.K.I.); (E.B.G.); (G.A.o.S.); (G.L.R.); (E.V.V.); (V.N.C.)
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia
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Rasputin NA, Demina NS, Zhilina EF, Averkov MA, Rusinov GL, Chupakhin ON, Charushin VN. Ethynylation of [1,2,4]Triazolo[1,5‐
a
]pyrimidinesUsing Substituted Ethynylmagnesium Bromides. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202101076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay A. Rasputin
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis Ural Division Russian Academy of Sciences S. Kovalevskaya Str., 22 Ekaterinburg 620990 Russia
| | - Nadezhda S. Demina
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis Ural Division Russian Academy of Sciences S. Kovalevskaya Str., 22 Ekaterinburg 620990 Russia
| | - Ekaterina F. Zhilina
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis Ural Division Russian Academy of Sciences S. Kovalevskaya Str., 22 Ekaterinburg 620990 Russia
| | - Maksim A. Averkov
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis Ural Division Russian Academy of Sciences S. Kovalevskaya Str., 22 Ekaterinburg 620990 Russia
| | - Gennady L. Rusinov
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis Ural Division Russian Academy of Sciences S. Kovalevskaya Str., 22 Ekaterinburg 620990 Russia
| | - Oleg N. Chupakhin
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis Ural Division Russian Academy of Sciences S. Kovalevskaya Str., 22 Ekaterinburg 620990 Russia
| | - Valery N. Charushin
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis Ural Division Russian Academy of Sciences S. Kovalevskaya Str., 22 Ekaterinburg 620990 Russia
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Cardoza S, Shrivash MK, Das P, Tandon V. Strategic Advances in Sequential C-Arylations of Heteroarenes. J Org Chem 2020; 86:1330-1356. [PMID: 33356264 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sequence-specific C-arylation strategies have important applications in medicinal and material research. These strategies allow C-C bond formations in a regioselective manner to synthesize large molecular libraries for studying structure-activity profiles. The past decade has seen the development of single C-C bond forming reactions using various transition-metal catalysts, cryogenic metalation strategies, and metal-free methods. Sequential arylations of heterocycles allow for the formation of multiaryl derivatives and are a preferred choice over de novo synthetic routes. This perspective sheds light on recent strategic advances to develop various sequential synthetic routes for the multiarylation of heteroarenes. This perspective addresses many challenges in optimizing sequential routes with respect to catalysts, reaction parameters, and various strategies adopted to obtain diversely arylated products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savio Cardoza
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Shrivash
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.,Department of Applied Sciences, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad 211012, India
| | - Parthasarathi Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad 826004, India
| | - Vibha Tandon
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
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Xian L, Ma C, Ouyang Y, Di J, Zhang Z. Synthesis of pyrimidine derivatives via multicomponent reaction catalyzed by ferric chloride. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xian
- Department of Radiochemistry China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 China
| | - Cui‐Ting Ma
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Material Science Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang 050024 China
| | - Ying‐Gen Ouyang
- Department of Radiochemistry China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 China
| | - Jia‐Qi Di
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Material Science Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang 050024 China
| | - Zhan‐Hui Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Material Science Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang 050024 China
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