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Roos CB, Chiang CH, Murray LAM, Yang D, Schulert L, Narayan ARH. Stereodynamic Strategies to Induce and Enrich Chirality of Atropisomers at a Late Stage. Chem Rev 2023; 123:10641-10727. [PMID: 37639323 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Enantiomers, where chirality arises from restricted rotation around a single bond, are atropisomers. Due to the unique nature of the origins of their chirality, synthetic strategies to access these compounds in an enantioselective manner differ from those used to prepare enantioenriched compounds containing point chirality arising from an unsymmetrically substituted carbon center. In particular stereodynamic transformations, such as dynamic kinetic resolutions, thermodynamic dynamic resolutions, and deracemizations, which rely on the ability to racemize or interconvert enantiomers, are a promising set of transformations to prepare optically pure compounds in the late stage of a synthetic sequence. Translation of these synthetic approaches from compounds with point chirality to atropisomers requires an expanded toolbox for epimerization/racemization and provides an opportunity to develop a new conceptual framework for the enantioselective synthesis of these compounds.
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Sun M, Chen W, Zhang T, Liu Z, Wei J, Xi N. 19F NMR spectroscopy as a tool to detect rotations in fluorine substituted phenyl compounds. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Hu Z, Zhu Y, Fu Z, Huang W. Asymmetric Synthesis of Enantioenriched 6-Hydroxyl Butyrolactams Promoted by N-Heterocyclic Carbene. J Org Chem 2019; 84:10328-10337. [PMID: 31328524 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Herein, an efficient route to synthesize 6-hydroxyl butyrolactams has been successfully developed via an N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed formal [3 + 2] annulation of bromoenals with α-amino ketones, followed by reduction. Remarkably, enantioenriched epi-neoclausenamide, which is one of the clausenamide derivatives, could be efficiently prepared by this strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouli Hu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials , Nanjing Tech University , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials , Nanjing Tech University , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Zhenqian Fu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials , Nanjing Tech University , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , China.,Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) , Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) , 127 West Youyi Road , Xi'an 710072 , China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials , Nanjing Tech University , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , China.,Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) , Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) , 127 West Youyi Road , Xi'an 710072 , China
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Xi N, Sun X, Li M, Sun M, Xi MA, Zhan Z, Yao J, Bai X, Wu Y, Liao M. Noncovalent Interactions of Fluorine with Amide and CH 2 Groups in N-Phenyl γ-Lactams: Covalently Identical Fluorine Atoms in Nonequivalent Chemical Environments. J Org Chem 2018; 83:11586-11594. [PMID: 30180581 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We designed and synthesized N-phenyl γ-lactam derivatives possessing two covalently identical ortho-F nuclei on the N-phenyl group. The F nuclei sited in different chemical environments where they were spatially adjacent to amide and alkyl groups due to hindered rotation around the central N-Ar bond. 19F NMR spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic methods were used to distinguish the axially prochiral F nuclei and provide structural insights for through-space interactions between F and amide/CH2 groups. Direct spectroscopic evidence for multipolar interactions in F···amide and F···CH2 pairs were provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xi
- The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Jilin University , 1266 Fujin Road , Changchun , Jilin 130021 , China.,Sunshine Lake Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd , Dongyangguang Hi-tech Park, Dongguan , Guangdong 523871 , China.,Calitor Sciences LLC , PO Box 19185, Newbury Park , California 91319-9185 , United States
| | - Xiaohua Sun
- The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Jilin University , 1266 Fujin Road , Changchun , Jilin 130021 , China
| | - Minxiong Li
- Sunshine Lake Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd , Dongyangguang Hi-tech Park, Dongguan , Guangdong 523871 , China
| | - Mingming Sun
- Sunshine Lake Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd , Dongyangguang Hi-tech Park, Dongguan , Guangdong 523871 , China
| | - Michael A Xi
- Calitor Sciences LLC , PO Box 19185, Newbury Park , California 91319-9185 , United States
| | - Zeping Zhan
- Sunshine Lake Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd , Dongyangguang Hi-tech Park, Dongguan , Guangdong 523871 , China
| | - Jia Yao
- Sunshine Lake Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd , Dongyangguang Hi-tech Park, Dongguan , Guangdong 523871 , China
| | - Xu Bai
- The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Jilin University , 1266 Fujin Road , Changchun , Jilin 130021 , China
| | - Yanjun Wu
- Sunshine Lake Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd , Dongyangguang Hi-tech Park, Dongguan , Guangdong 523871 , China
| | - Min Liao
- Sunshine Lake Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd , Dongyangguang Hi-tech Park, Dongguan , Guangdong 523871 , China
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