Synthesis, conformational preferences in gas and solution, and molecular gear rotation in 1-(dimethylamino)-1-phenyl-1-silacyclohexane by gas phase electron diffraction (GED), LT NMR and theoretical calculations

At the Experimental Limit of the NMR Conformational Analysis: 29Si and 13C NMR Study of the Conformational Equilibrium of 1-Phenyl-1-tert-butylsilacyclohexane

The low temperature (95 K) NMR study of 1-Ph-1-t-Bu-silacyclohexane (1) showed the conformational equilibrium to be extremely one-sided toward thePh_ax,t-Bu_eq conformer. The barrier to interconversion has been measured (4.2-4.6 kcal/mol) and the conformational equilibrium [Δν = 1990.64 ppm (²⁹Si), 618.9 ppm (¹³C), 1-Ph_ax:1-Ph_eq = (95.6-96.6%):(3.4-4.4%), K = 25 ± 3, ΔG° = -RT ln K = 0.58-0.63 kcal/mol] analyzed. The assignment and quantification of the NMR signals is supported by MP2 and DFT calculations.

Silacyclohexanes, Sila(hetero)cyclohexanes and Related Compounds: Structure and Conformational Analysis

Conformational analysis of Si-mono- and Si,Si-disubstituted silacyclohexanes as well as their analogues with a heteroatom(s) in the ring is reviewed with the focus on the recent results. Experimental measurements in the gas phase (gas electron diffraction, GED) and low temperature NMR spectroscopy (LT NMR) on ¹H, ¹³C and ²⁹Si nuclei are described along with theoretical calculations at the DFT and MP2 levels of theory. Structural and conformational specific features are shown to be principally different from those of the carbon predecessors—the corresponding cyclohexanes, oxanes, thianes and piperidines. The role of various effects (steric, hyperconjugation, stereoelectronic, electrostatic) is demonstrated.