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Martínez‐Crespo L, Vitórica‐Yrezábal IJ, Whitehead GFS, Webb SJ. Chemically Fueled Communication Along a Scaffolded Nanoscale Array of Squaramides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202307841. [PMID: 37429824 PMCID: PMC10952809 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Relaying conformational change over several nanometers is central to the function of allosterically regulated proteins. Replicating this mechanism artificially would provide important communication tools, but requires nanometer-sized molecules that reversibly switch between defined shapes in response to signaling molecules. In this work, 1.8 nm long rigid rod oligo(phenylene-ethynylene)s are scaffolds for switchable multi-squaramide hydrogen-bond relays. Each relay can adopt either a parallel or an antiparallel orientation relative to the scaffold; the preferred orientation is dictated by a director group at one end. An amine director responded to proton signals, with acid-base cycles producing multiple reversible changes in relay orientation that were reported by a terminal NH, which is 1.8 nm distant. Moreover, a chemical fuel acted as a dissipative signal. As the fuel was consumed, the relay reverted to its original orientation, illustrating how information from out-of-equilibrium molecular signals can be communicated to a distant site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Martínez‐Crespo
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Manchester Oxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
- Manchester Institute of BiotechnologyUniversity of Manchester131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUK
| | | | | | - Simon J. Webb
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Manchester Oxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
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Tanaka K, Takeda F, Kanda M, Kawahata M, Fujii S, Katagiri K, Masu H, Kagechika H, Tanatani A. Solvent-Dependent Conformational Switching of N-Methyl-N,N'-diarylsquaramide. J Org Chem 2023; 88:12289-12293. [PMID: 37565781 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
N,N'-Diarylsquaramide and N,N'-dialkylsquaramide are conformationally stable linkers with extended (trans, trans) and folded (cis, cis) structures, respectively, independently of external conditions. Here, we show that N-monomethylated N,N'-diarylsquaramides generally take a (trans, cis) structure in the crystal but show a solvent-dependent conformational equilibrium in solution. In particular, the stable conformer of N-methyl-N,N'-bis(1-naphthyl)squaramide (1f) changes depending upon the solvent. Thus, aromatic N-monomethylated squaramides could find application as components of environment-responsive molecular switches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiko Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan
| | - Fumi Takeda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan
| | - Midori Kanda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kawahata
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-Tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan
| | - Shinya Fujii
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Kosuke Katagiri
- Department of Chemistry of Functional Molecules, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Konan University, 8-9-1 Okamoto, Higashinada, Kobe, Hyogo 658-8501, Japan
| | - Hyuma Masu
- Center for Analytical Instrumentation, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kagechika
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Aya Tanatani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan
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Arimura M, Tanaka K, Kanda M, Urushibara K, Fujii S, Katagiri K, Azumaya I, Kagechika H, Tanatani A. Construction of Aromatic Multilayered Structures Based on the Conformational Properties of N,N'-Dimethylated Squaramide. Chempluschem 2021; 86:198-205. [PMID: 33508169 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Squaramide is a highly rigid four-membered ring system bearing two carbonyl and two amino groups, and its derivatives have found applications in many fields. We synthesized several N,N'-dimethylated oligosquaramides linked via phenyl groups, and investigated their structures in the crystalline state and in solution. Compounds 1, 2 (bissquaramides), and 13 (trissquaramide) exist as folded structures in the crystalline state, in which the aromatic rings are located in a face-to-face position. In their multilayered structures, the benzene rings are more nearly parallel and are closer to each other, compared with those in N,N'-dimethylated oligoureas. Individual molecules of meta-connected compounds 2 and 13 show a helical structure with all-R or all-S axis chirality, but afford only racemic crystals. The NMR spectra indicated that these compounds retain well-ordered folded structures in solution. The unique steric and electronic properties of N,N'-dimethylated squaramide can provide access to novel functional aromatic multilayered and helical foldamers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiko Arimura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8610, Japan
| | - Kimiko Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8610, Japan
| | - Midori Kanda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8610, Japan
| | - Ko Urushibara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8610, Japan
| | - Shinya Fujii
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan
| | - Kosuke Katagiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Konan University, 8-9-1 Okamoto, Higashinada, Kobe, Hyogo, 658-8501, Japan
| | - Isao Azumaya
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kagechika
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan
| | - Aya Tanatani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8610, Japan
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Agnew-Francis KA, Williams CM. Squaramides as Bioisosteres in Contemporary Drug Design. Chem Rev 2020; 120:11616-11650. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kylie A. Agnew-Francis
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Craig M. Williams
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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