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Wu X, Yao X, Xie B, Wang P, Huo W, Zhu Y, Hou Q, Wu M, Wu Y, Zhang F. Unraveling the atmospheric oxidation mechanism and kinetics of naphthalene: Insights from theoretical exploration. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141356. [PMID: 38309603 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Naphthalene, the most abundant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in the atmosphere, significantly influences OH consumption and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. Naphthoquinone (NQ) is a significant contributor to ring-retaining SOA from naphthalene degradation, impacting the redox properties and toxicity of ambient particles. However, inconsistencies persist regarding concentrations of its isomers, 1,2-NQ and 1,4-NQ. In present work, our theoretical investigation into naphthalene's reaction with OH and subsequent oxygenation unveils their role in SOA formation. The reaction kinetics of initial OH and subsequent O2 oxidation was extensively studied using high-level quantum chemical methods (DLPNO-CCSD(T)/aug-ccpVQZ//M052x-D3/6-311++G(d,p)) combined with RRKM/master equation simulations. The reactions mainly proceed through electrophilic addition and abstraction from the aromatic ring. The total rate coefficient of naphthalene + OH at 300 K and 1 atm from our calculation (7.2 × 10-12 cm3 molecule-1 s-1) agrees well with previous measurements (∼1 × 10-11 cm3 molecule-1 s-1). The computed branching ratios facilitate accurate product yield determination. The largest yield of 1-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl radical (add1) producing the major precursor of RO2 is computed to be 93.8 % in the ambient environment. Our calculated total rate coefficient (5.2 × 10-16 cm3 molecule-1 s-1) for add1 + O2 closely matches that of limited experimental data (8.0 × 10-16 cm3 molecule-1 s-1). Peroxy radicals (RO2) generated from add1 + O2 include 4-cis/trans-(1-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)-peroxy radical (add1-4OOadd-cis/trans, 66.0 %/17.5 %), 2-cis/trans-(1-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)-peroxy radical (add1-2OOadd-cis/trans, 10.3 %/6.3 %). Regarding the debated predominance of 1,4-NQ (corresponding to the parent RO2, i.e., add1-4OOadd-cis/trans) and 1,2-NQ (corresponding to the parent RO2, i.e., add1-2OOadd-cis/trans) in the atmosphere, our findings substantiate the dominance of 1,4-NQ. This study also indicates potential weakening of 1,4-NQ's dominance due to competition from decomposition reactions of add1-4OOadd-cis/trans and add1-2OOadd-cis/trans. Precise reaction kinetics data are essential for characterizing SOA transformation derived from naphthalene and assessing their climatic impacts within modeling frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Wu
- College of Information Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China; Science and Technology on Plasma Dymamics Lab, Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xian, 710038, PR China.
| | - Xiaoxia Yao
- Science and Technology on Plasma Dymamics Lab, Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xian, 710038, PR China.
| | - Binbin Xie
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou, 311231, PR China.
| | - Pengfei Wang
- National Institute of Extremely-Weak Magnetic Field Infrastructure, Hangzhou, 310051, PR China.
| | - Wanli Huo
- College of Information Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China.
| | - Yifei Zhu
- Institute of Aero-engine, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China.
| | - Qifeng Hou
- National Institute of Extremely-Weak Magnetic Field Infrastructure, Hangzhou, 310051, PR China.
| | - Mengqi Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China; Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230088, PR China.
| | - Yun Wu
- Science and Technology on Plasma Dymamics Lab, Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xian, 710038, PR China.
| | - Feng Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China; Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230088, PR China.
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R A C Lima CF, Mague JT, Du Y, Pascal RA, Santos LMNBF. How great is the stabilization of crowded polyphenylbiphenyls by London dispersion? Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:13359-13375. [PMID: 37145056 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05085d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Decaphenylbiphenyl (1) and 2,2',4,4',6,6'-hexaphenylbiphenyl (2) are bulky molecules expected to be greatly destabilized by steric crowding. Herein, through a combined experimental and computational approach, we evaluate the molecular energetics of crowded biphenyls. This is complemented by the study of phase equilibria for 1 and 2. Compound 1 shows a rich phase behavior, displaying an unusual interconversion between two polymorphs. Surprisingly, the polymorph with distorted molecules of C1 symmetry is found to have the highest melting point and to be the one that is preferentially formed. The thermodynamic results also indicate that the polymorph displaying the more regular D2 molecular geometry has larger heat capacity and is probably the more stable at lower temperatures. The melting and sublimation data clearly reveal the weakening of cohesive forces in crowded biphenyls due to the lower molecular surface area. The experimental quantification of the intramolecular interactions in 1 and 2 indicated, using homodesmotic reactions, a molecular stabilization of about 30 kJ mol-1. We attribute the origin of this stabilization in both compounds to the existence of two parallel-displaced π⋯π interactions between the ortho-phenyl substituents on each side of the central biphenyl. Computational calculations with dispersion-corrected DFT methods underestimate the stabilization in 1, unless the steric crowding is well balanced in a homodesmotic scheme. This work demonstrates that London dispersion forces are important in crowded aromatic systems, making these molecules considerably more stable than previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos F R A C Lima
- CIQUP, Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS), Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joel T Mague
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Yuchen Du
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Robert A Pascal
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Luís M N B F Santos
- CIQUP, Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS), Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
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Rojas DMS, Maggio RM, Kaufman TS. A nuclear magnetic resonance-based study of the behavior of the tautomers of triclabendazole in DMSO-d6, in the presence of water. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
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Du Y, McSkimming A, Mague JT, Pascal RA. The Pursuit of Perphenylterphenyls. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200931. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Du
- Department of Chemistry Tulane University New Orleans LA 70118 USA
| | - Alex McSkimming
- Department of Chemistry Tulane University New Orleans LA 70118 USA
| | - Joel T. Mague
- Department of Chemistry Tulane University New Orleans LA 70118 USA
| | - Robert A. Pascal
- Department of Chemistry Tulane University New Orleans LA 70118 USA
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Krompiec S, Kurpanik-Wójcik A, Matussek M, Gołek B, Mieszczanin A, Fijołek A. Diels-Alder Cycloaddition with CO, CO 2, SO 2, or N 2 Extrusion: A Powerful Tool for Material Chemistry. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 15:172. [PMID: 35009318 PMCID: PMC8745824 DOI: 10.3390/ma15010172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phenyl, naphthyl, polyarylphenyl, coronene, and other aromatic and polyaromatic moieties primarily influence the final materials' properties. One of the synthetic tools used to implement (hetero)aromatic moieties into final structures is Diels-Alder cycloaddition (DAC), typically combined with Scholl dehydrocondensation. Substituted 2-pyranones, 1,1-dioxothiophenes, and, especially, 1,3-cyclopentadienones are valuable substrates for [4 + 2] cycloaddition, leading to multisubstituted derivatives of benzene, naphthalene, and other aromatics. Cycloadditions of dienes can be carried out with extrusion of carbon dioxide, carbon oxide, or sulphur dioxide. When pyranones, dioxothiophenes, or cyclopentadienones and DA cycloaddition are aided with acetylenes including masked ones, conjugated or isolated diynes, or polyynes and arynes, aromatic systems are obtained. This review covers the development and the current state of knowledge regarding thermal DA cycloaddition of dienes mentioned above and dienophiles leading to (hetero)aromatics via CO, CO2, or SO2 extrusion. Particular attention was paid to the role that introduced aromatic moieties play in designing molecular structures with expected properties. Undoubtedly, the DAC variants described in this review, combined with other modern synthetic tools, constitute a convenient and efficient way of obtaining functionalized nanomaterials, continually showing the potential to impact materials sciences and new technologies in the nearest future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aneta Kurpanik-Wójcik
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 14, 40-007 Katowice, Poland; (S.K.); (B.G.); (A.M.); (A.F.)
| | - Marek Matussek
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 14, 40-007 Katowice, Poland; (S.K.); (B.G.); (A.M.); (A.F.)
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Xiao Y, Mague JT, Donahue JP, Wilson LJ, Kraml CM, Pascal RA. Synthesis and Structures of Polyphenylphenanthrenes. Chemistry 2020; 26:8458-8464. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yonglong Xiao
- Department of Chemistry Tulane University New Orleans LA 70118 USA
| | - Joel T. Mague
- Department of Chemistry Tulane University New Orleans LA 70118 USA
| | - James P. Donahue
- Department of Chemistry Tulane University New Orleans LA 70118 USA
| | | | | | - Robert A. Pascal
- Department of Chemistry Tulane University New Orleans LA 70118 USA
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