1
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Esteban A, Ortega P, Sanz F, Jambrina PG, Díez D. Crystallization-induced diastereomer transformation assists the diastereoselective synthesis of 4-nitroisoxazolidine scaffolds. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:6582-6592. [PMID: 39083363 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob01014k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
This communication describes a solution to the vexing problem of synthesis of 4-nitroisoxazolidine rings from cyclic nitrones and β-nitrostyrenes. The trans-endo adduct 2 is quantitatively synthesised from E-β-nitrostyrene under mild conditions avoiding purification, while the trans-exo adduct 4 is obtained at higher temperatures. Furthermore, a Crystallization-Induced Diastereomer Transformation (CIDT) process was used to epimerise the NO2 bond from 2 to the cis-exo adduct 3 with total conversion assisted by the para-halogen substitution of the aromatic ring without any additives. By combining these approaches, we can establish a simple synthetic methodology that allows the diastereoselective synthesis of three diastereoisomers, overcoming the previous problems described in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Esteban
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca. Plaza de los Caídos 1-5, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Pablo Ortega
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca. Plaza de los Caídos 1-5, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Francisca Sanz
- Servicio de Difracción de Rayos X, Plataforma Nucleus, Universidad de Salamanca, Plaza de los Caídos 1-5, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Pablo G Jambrina
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca. Plaza de los Caídos 1-5, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - David Díez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca. Plaza de los Caídos 1-5, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
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2
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Rubina SR, Stalin PR, Meenatchi CS, Murugesan S, Kumar RR. Synthesis of epiminocyclohepta[b]pyrazolo[4,3-e]pyridines from tropinone: Fluorescent “Turn on–off” chemosensors for the sequential detection of Al3+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ in nanomolar concentration. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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3
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Garay-Ruiz D, Álvarez-Moreno M, Bo C, Martínez-Núñez E. New Tools for Taming Complex Reaction Networks: The Unimolecular Decomposition of Indole Revisited. ACS PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY AU 2022; 2:225-236. [PMID: 36855573 PMCID: PMC9718323 DOI: 10.1021/acsphyschemau.1c00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The level of detail attained in the computational description of reaction mechanisms can be vastly improved through tools for automated chemical space exploration, particularly for systems of small to medium size. Under this approach, the unimolecular decomposition landscape for indole was explored through the automated reaction mechanism discovery program AutoMeKin. Nevertheless, the sheer complexity of the obtained mechanisms might be a hindrance regarding their chemical interpretation. In this spirit, the new Python library amk-tools has been designed to read and manipulate complex reaction networks, greatly simplifying their overall analysis. The package provides interactive dashboards featuring visualizations of the network, the three-dimensional (3D) molecular structures and vibrational normal modes of all chemical species, and the corresponding energy profiles for selected pathways. The combination of the joined mechanism generation and postprocessing workflow with the rich chemistry of indole decomposition enabled us to find new details of the reaction (obtained at the CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ//M06-2X/MG3S level of theory) that were not reported before: (i) 16 pathways leading to the formation of HCN and NH3 (via amino radical); (ii) a barrierless reaction between methylene radical and phenyl isocyanide, which might be an operative mechanism under the conditions of the interstellar medium; and (iii) reaction channels leading to both hydrogen cyanide and hydrogen isocyanide, of potential astrochemical interest as the computed HNC/HCN ratios greatly exceed the calculated equilibrium value at very low temperatures. The reported reaction networks can be very valuable to supplement databases of kinetic data, which is of remarkable interest for pyrolysis and astrochemical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Garay-Ruiz
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science & Technology (BIST), Avinguda Països Catalans,
16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain,Departament
de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Moises Álvarez-Moreno
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science & Technology (BIST), Avinguda Països Catalans,
16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Carles Bo
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science & Technology (BIST), Avinguda Països Catalans,
16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain,Departament
de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain,
| | - Emilio Martínez-Núñez
- Departmento
de Química Física, Facultade de Química, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago
de Compostela, Spain,
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4
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Martínez-Núñez E, Barnes GL, Glowacki DR, Kopec S, Peláez D, Rodríguez A, Rodríguez-Fernández R, Shannon RJ, Stewart JJP, Tahoces PG, Vazquez SA. AutoMeKin2021: An open-source program for automated reaction discovery. J Comput Chem 2021; 42:2036-2048. [PMID: 34387374 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AutoMeKin2021 is an updated version of tsscds2018, a program for the automated discovery of reaction mechanisms (J. Comput. Chem. 2018, 39, 1922). This release features a number of new capabilities: rare-event molecular dynamics simulations to enhance reaction discovery, extension of the original search algorithm to study van der Waals complexes, use of chemical knowledge, a new search algorithm based on bond-order time series analysis, statistics of the chemical reaction networks, a web application to submit jobs, and other features. The source code, manual, installation instructions and the website link are available at: https://rxnkin.usc.es/index.php/AutoMeKin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Martínez-Núñez
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - George L Barnes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Siena College, Loudonville, New York, USA
| | - David R Glowacki
- Centre for Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Sabine Kopec
- Institut de Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, UMR 8214, Université Paris-Sud - Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Daniel Peláez
- Institut de Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, UMR 8214, Université Paris-Sud - Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Aurelio Rodríguez
- Galicia Supercomputing Center (CESGA), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Robin J Shannon
- Centre for Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Pablo G Tahoces
- Department of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Saulo A Vazquez
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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5
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Reddy DS, Reddy GS, Beatriz A, Corey EJ. Contrasting Diastereoselectivity between Cyclic Nitrones and Azomethine Ylides. Stereocontrolled Pathways to cis- anti- anti-cis-Oxazatetraquinanes from a Bicyclic Nitrone. Org Lett 2021; 23:5445-5447. [PMID: 34210133 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A study of [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions of a bicyclic nitrone with various cyclopentenes has clarified the diastereomeric preferences as a function of the olefinic structure. It has also identified an important stereochemical difference between nitrones and the analogous azomethine ylides in [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Srinivas Reddy
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - G Sudhakar Reddy
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Adilson Beatriz
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - E J Corey
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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6
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Rodriguez S, Uria U, Reyes E, Prieto L, Rodríguez-Rodríguez M, Carrillo L, Vicario JL. Enantioselective construction of the 8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane scaffold: application in the synthesis of tropane alkaloids. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:3763-3775. [PMID: 33949549 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00143d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The 8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane scaffold is the central core of the family of tropane alkaloids, which display a wide array of interesting biological activities. As a consequence, research directed towards the preparation of this basic structure in a stereoselective manner has attracted attention from many research groups worldwide across the years. Despite this, most of the approaches rely on the enantioselective construction of an acyclic starting material that contains all the required stereochemical information to allow the stereocontrolled formation of the bicyclic scaffold. As an alternative, there are a number of important methodologies reported in which the stereochemical control is achieved directly in the same transformation that generates the 8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane architecture or in a desymmetrization process starting from achiral tropinone derivatives. This review compiles the most relevant achievements in these areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Rodriguez
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, P. O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Uxue Uria
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, P. O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Efraim Reyes
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, P. O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Liher Prieto
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, P. O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Marta Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, P. O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Luisa Carrillo
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, P. O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Jose L Vicario
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, P. O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
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7
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5-Bromoisoxazolidines: synthesis, reactivity and NMR study. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Xie L, Li Y, Dong S, Feng X, Liu X. Catalytic asymmetric formal [3+2] cycloaddition of isatogens with azlactones to construct indolin-3-one derivatives. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:239-242. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06418a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A number of enantioenriched indolin-3-one derivatives were readily obtained by chiral guanidine-catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition of isatogens with azlactones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Xie
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
| | - Shunxi Dong
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
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