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François J, Jacolot M, Popowycz F. Borrowing hydrogen C-alkylation with secondary saturated heterocyclic alcohols. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:4502-4507. [PMID: 38747070 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00543k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
The borrowing hydrogen methodology (BH) has emerged as a powerful tool for the rapid construction of C-C bonds, offering a greener alternative to traditional multi-step syntheses. This methodology involves the activation of inactivated alcohols followed by condensation or aldolization, ultimately leading to the regeneration of the saturated product. Herein, we report the C-alkylation of a hindered ketone with challenging secondary saturated heterocyclic alcohols. Our study encompasses the optimization of reaction conditions using either an iridium or a ruthenium catalyst and exploration of substrate scope. We demonstrate the efficient synthesis of substituted pyrrolidines and piperidines directly from a triol precursor, showcasing the versatility of this methodology. Moreover, we illustrate the post-functionalization of BH products, significantly broadening their chemical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan François
- INSA Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, CPE Lyon, UMR 5246, ICBMS, 1 rue Victor Grignard, 69621, Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
| | - Maïwenn Jacolot
- INSA Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, CPE Lyon, UMR 5246, ICBMS, 1 rue Victor Grignard, 69621, Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
| | - Florence Popowycz
- INSA Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, CPE Lyon, UMR 5246, ICBMS, 1 rue Victor Grignard, 69621, Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
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2
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Beaufils A, Melle P, Lentz N, Albrecht M. Air-Stable Coordinatively Unsaturated Ruthenium(II) Complex for Ligand Binding and Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones from Ethanol. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:2072-2081. [PMID: 38230574 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Coordinatively unsaturated complexes are interesting from a fundamental level for their formally empty coordination site and, in particular, from a catalytic perspective as they provide opportunities for substrate binding and transformation. Here, we describe the synthesis of a novel underligated ruthenium complex [Ru(cym)(N,N')]+, 3, featuring an amide-functionalized pyridylidene amide (PYA) as the N,N'-bidentate coordinating ligand. In contrast to previously investigated underligated complexes, complex 3 offers potential for dynamic modifications, thanks to the flexible donor properties of the PYA ligand. Specifically, they allow both for stabilizing the formally underligated metal center in complex 3 through nitrogen π-donation and for facilitating through π-acidic bonding properties the coordination of a further ligand L to the ruthenium center to yield the formal 18 e- complexes [Ru(cym)(N,N')(L)]+ (4: L = P(OMe)3; 5: L = PPh3; 6: L = N-methylimidazole; 7: L = pyridine) and neutral complex [RuCl(cym)(N,N')] 8. Analysis by 1H NMR and UV-vis spectroscopies reveals an increasing Ru-L bond strength along the sequence pyridine <1-methylimidazole < PPh3 < P(OMe)3 with binding constants varying over 3 orders of magnitude with log(Keq) values between 2.8 and 5.7. The flexibility of the Ru(PYA) unit and the ensuing accessibility of saturated and unsaturated species with one and the same ligand are attractive from a fundamental point of view and also for catalytic applications, as catalytic transformations rely on the availability of transiently vacant coordination sites. Thus, while complex 3 does not form stable adducts with O-donors such as ketones or alcohols, it transiently binds these species, as evidenced by the considerable catalytic activity in the transfer hydrogenation of ketones. Notably, and as one of only a few catalysts, complex 3 is compatible with EtOH as a hydrogen source. Complex 3 shows excellent performance in the transfer hydrogenation of pyridyl-containing substrates, in agreement with the poor coordination strength of this functional group to the ruthenium center in 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Beaufils
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Melle
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Lentz
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Martin Albrecht
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012, Switzerland
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3
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Nguyen HY, Tran TH, Do HN, Van Do D, Ngo QA, Tien NQ, Thanh Nga TT, Nguyen H, Hung TQ, Dang TT. LiO tBu-promoted synthesis of bis(3-indolyl)methanes by the alkylation of indoles with alcohols under air. RSC Adv 2024; 14:2341-2345. [PMID: 38213964 PMCID: PMC10782282 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07115d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Bis(3-indolyl)methanes (BIMs) are known for their important bioactivities, which include anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties. In this study, we are disclosing a metal catalyst-free synthesis of BIMs in high yields via the alkylation reaction of indoles and alcohols in the presence of lithium tert-butoxide base. Notably, oxygen in air played an important role as an oxidant for the facilitation of this transformation. Interestingly, unactivated aliphatic alcohols could be successfully used as alkylating reagents in the alkylation reactions of indole. Especially, several chemical intermediates detected by GC-MS gave important information about the mechanism insights. This method demonstrated cost and environmental advantages for the development of green processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Yen Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNU-Hanoi University of Science 19 Le Thanh Tong Hanoi 10000 Vietnam
| | - Thu Hue Tran
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNU-Hanoi University of Science 19 Le Thanh Tong Hanoi 10000 Vietnam
| | - Ha Nam Do
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNU-Hanoi University of Science 19 Le Thanh Tong Hanoi 10000 Vietnam
| | - Dang Van Do
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNU-Hanoi University of Science 19 Le Thanh Tong Hanoi 10000 Vietnam
| | - Quoc-Anh Ngo
- Insitute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay Hanoi 10000 Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay Hanoi 10000 Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Quyet Tien
- Insitute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay Hanoi 10000 Vietnam
| | - Truong Thi Thanh Nga
- Insitute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay Hanoi 10000 Vietnam
| | - Hien Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Hanoi National University of Education 136 Xuan Thuy, Cau Giay Hanoi 10000 Vietnam
| | - Tran Quang Hung
- Insitute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay Hanoi 10000 Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay Hanoi 10000 Vietnam
| | - Tuan Thanh Dang
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNU-Hanoi University of Science 19 Le Thanh Tong Hanoi 10000 Vietnam
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4
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Borrowing hydrogen amination: Whether a catalyst is required? J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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5
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Abdallah MS, Joly N, Gaillard S, Poater A, Renaud JL. Blue-Light-Induced Iron-Catalyzed α-Alkylation of Ketones. Org Lett 2022; 24:5584-5589. [PMID: 35895992 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
We report a visible-light-induced iron-catalyzed α-alkylation of ketones. The photocatalytic system is based on the single diaminocyclopentadienone iron tricarbonyl complex. Two catalytic intermediates of this complex are able to harvest light, allowing the synthesis of substituted aromatic and aliphatic ketones at room temperature using the borrowing hydrogen strategy in the presence of various substituted primary alcohols as alkylating reagents. Preliminary mechanistic studies unveil the role of light for both the dehydrogenation and reduction step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Samira Abdallah
- Normandie Univ., LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, 6 boulevard du Maréchal Juin, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Nicolas Joly
- Normandie Univ., LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, 6 boulevard du Maréchal Juin, 14000 Caen, France.,Departament de Química, Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC), University of Girona, c/Ma Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia Spain
| | - Sylvain Gaillard
- Normandie Univ., LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, 6 boulevard du Maréchal Juin, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Albert Poater
- Departament de Química, Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC), University of Girona, c/Ma Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia Spain
| | - Jean-Luc Renaud
- Normandie Univ., LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, 6 boulevard du Maréchal Juin, 14000 Caen, France
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Bains AK, Biswas A, Kundu A, Adhikari D. Nickel‐Catalysis Enabling α‐Alkylation of Ketones by Secondary Alcohols. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amreen K Bains
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) – Mohali SAS Nagar Punjab-140306 India
| | - Ayanangshu Biswas
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) – Mohali SAS Nagar Punjab-140306 India
| | - Abhishek Kundu
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) – Mohali SAS Nagar Punjab-140306 India
| | - Debashis Adhikari
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) – Mohali SAS Nagar Punjab-140306 India
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7
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Li G, Li M, Xia Z, Tan Z, Deng W, Fang C. Direct Synthesis of Amides from Benzonitriles and Benzylic Alcohols via a KO t-Bu-Mediated MPV-type Hydrogen Transfer Process. J Org Chem 2022; 87:8884-8891. [PMID: 35758138 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley (MPV)-type reduction between benzonitriles and benzylic alcohols under transition-metal-free conditions has been demonstrated for the first time. Using simple KOt-Bu as the base, various benzonitriles can be efficiently reduced by benzylic alcohols via hydrogen transfer reduction, and the resultant phenyl imine can react further with benzylic alcohols to give amides as the final product in which both the alcohols and the nitriles are incorporated. Preliminary mechanistic investigations indicated that the reaction may go through multiple MPV-type hydrogen transfer processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaolin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Meichen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Ze Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Wei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Chen Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
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Pham HH, Donnadieu B, Hollis TK. Synthesis of a CCC‐NHC pincer Re complex. An air stable catalyst for coupling ketones with primary alcohols via borrowing hydrogen. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hoang H. Pham
- Department of Chemistry Mississippi State University Mississippi State MS USA
| | - Bruno Donnadieu
- Department of Chemistry Mississippi State University Mississippi State MS USA
| | - T. Keith Hollis
- Department of Chemistry Mississippi State University Mississippi State MS USA
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9
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Hall CJJ, Marriott IS, Christensen KE, Day AJ, Goundry WRF, Donohoe TJ. Extension of hydrogen borrowing alkylation reactions for the total synthesis of (-)-γ-lycorane. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:4966-4968. [PMID: 35348143 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01248k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The total synthesis of (-)-γ-lycorane (10 steps) and synthesis of (±)-γ-lycorane (8 steps) was completed from cyclohexenone. A new two step hydrogen borrowing alkylation of an aziridinyl alcohol, coupled with a Ph* (Me5C6) deprotection/cyclisation procedure was developed for de novo formation of the fused 6,5 heterocyclic ring. This work is one of the first examples of hydrogen borrowing C-C bond formation being used as a key step in a total synthesis project.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J J Hall
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.
| | - Indi S Marriott
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.
| | - Kirsten E Christensen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.
| | - Aaron J Day
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.
| | - William R F Goundry
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | - Timothy J Donohoe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.
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10
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Hu J, Ji X, Su F, Zhao Q, Zhang G, Zhao M, Lai M. Synthesis, odor characteristics and biological evaluation of N-substituted pyrrolyl chalcones. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:8747-8755. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01561g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Base-mediated transition-metal free α-functionalization of N-substituted acetylpyrroles with commercial alcohols to generate various pyrrolyl chalcones is reported, and several prominent bioactive and flavor molecules were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Hu
- Flavors and Fragrance Engineering & Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoming Ji
- Flavors and Fragrance Engineering & Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
| | - Fangyao Su
- Flavors and Fragrance Engineering & Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
| | - Qianrui Zhao
- Flavors and Fragrance Engineering & Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
| | - Ganlin Zhang
- Flavors and Fragrance Engineering & Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
| | - Mingqin Zhao
- Flavors and Fragrance Engineering & Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
| | - Miao Lai
- Flavors and Fragrance Engineering & Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
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12
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Reed-Berendt B, Latham DE, Dambatta MB, Morrill LC. Borrowing Hydrogen for Organic Synthesis. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:570-585. [PMID: 34056087 PMCID: PMC8155478 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.1c00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Borrowing hydrogen is a process that is used to diversify the synthetic utility of commodity alcohols. A catalyst first oxidizes an alcohol by removing hydrogen to form a reactive carbonyl compound. This intermediate can undergo a diverse range of subsequent transformations before the catalyst returns the "borrowed" hydrogen to liberate the product and regenerate the catalyst. In this way, alcohols may be used as alkylating agents whereby the sole byproduct of this one-pot reaction is water. In recent decades, significant advances have been made in this area, demonstrating many effective methods to access valuable products. This outlook highlights the diversity of metal and biocatalysts that are available for this approach, as well as the various transformations that can be performed, focusing on a selection of the most significant and recent advances. By succinctly describing and conveying the versatility of borrowing hydrogen chemistry, we anticipate its uptake will increase across a wider scientific audience, expanding opportunities for further development.
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Frost JR, Cheong CB, Akhtar WM, Caputo DF, Christensen KE, Stevenson NG, Donohoe TJ. Hydrogen borrowing catalysis using 1° and 2° alcohols: Investigation and scope leading to α and β branched products. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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