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Castro-Godoy WD, Heredia AA, Bouchet LM, Argüello JE. Synthesis of Selenium Derivatives using Organic Selenocyanates as Masked Selenols: Chemical Reduction with Rongalite as a Simpler Tool to give Nucleophilic Selenides. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202400183. [PMID: 38648466 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The chemical reduction within a family of organic selenocyanates, as masked selenols, using reducing agents, such as Rongalite, sodium dithionite, and sodium thiosulfate is investigated. Using Rongalite, the corresponding diselenides were obtained quantitatively and selectively in very good to excellent yields (51-100 %) starting from alkyl, aryl, and benzyl selenocyanates. The scope of the reaction is unaffected by the electronic nature of the substituents. Furthermore, the reducing agent, Rongalite, is compatible with hydrolysable and reducing-sensitive functional groups. Additionally, a simple methodology employing the in-situ generated benzyl selenolate anion (PhCH2Se-) to promote aliphatic nucleophilic substitution, epoxide ring opening, and Michael addition reactions has been developed; thus, extending the structural diversity of the synthesized selenium derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willber D Castro-Godoy
- Dpto. de Química, Física y Matemática, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Universidad de El Salvador, Final Av. de Mártires y Héroes del 30 de Julio, San, Salvador, 1101, El Salvador
| | - Adrián A Heredia
- INFIQC-CONICET-UNC, Dpto. de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Lydia M Bouchet
- INFIQC-CONICET-UNC, Dpto. de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Juan E Argüello
- INFIQC-CONICET-UNC, Dpto. de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina
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Koziel A, Bortoli M, Tremblay M, Zhao Y, Orian L, Yang ZJ, Schley ND, Macdonald JE. Five Hypotheses on the Origins of Temperature Dependence of 77Se NMR Shifts in Diselenides. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:12063-12072. [PMID: 38874835 PMCID: PMC11220761 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Notable thermal shifts in diselenides have been documented in 77Se NMR for more than 50 years, but no satisfactory explanation has been found. Here, five hypotheses are considered as possible explanations for the large temperature dependence of the 77Se chemical shifts of diaryl and dialkyl diselenides compared to monoselenides and selenols. Density functional theory calculations are provided to bolster hypotheses and better understand the effects of barrier height and dipole energies. It is proposed that the temperature dependence of diselenide 77Se NMR chemical shifts is due to rotation around the Se-Se bond and sampling of twisted conformers at higher temperatures. The molecular twisting is solvent dependent; here, DMSO-d6 and toluene-d8 were evaluated. No correlation was established between para-substituents on diaryl diselenides and the magnitude of the change in the 77Se NMR shift (Δδ) with temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra
C. Koziel
- Department
of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, 1234 Stevenson Center Lane, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
| | - Marco Bortoli
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli
Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Matthew Tremblay
- Department
of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, 1234 Stevenson Center Lane, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
| | - Yilun Zhao
- Department
of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, 1234 Stevenson Center Lane, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
| | - Laura Orian
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli
Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Zhongyue J. Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, 1234 Stevenson Center Lane, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
| | - Nathan D. Schley
- Department
of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, 1234 Stevenson Center Lane, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
| | - Janet E. Macdonald
- Department
of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, 1234 Stevenson Center Lane, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
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Lee SH, Lim YJ, Kim C, Kim YE, Cho H. Studies on the selective synthesis of diorganyl diselenides using potassium hydroxide and mechanistic investigations of the reaction pathway. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:4309-4317. [PMID: 38717394 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00437j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Methods of selectively synthesizing diorganyl diselenides (R-Se-Se-R) without using harmful reducing agents are presented. We optimized the reaction conditions for the selective formation of the diselenide dianion (Se22-) and the corresponding diorganyl diselenides using basic reagents (e.g., KOH), while suppressing the formation of side products, such as diorganyl selenides (R-Se-R) or multiselenides (R-Sen-R; n ≥ 3). Furthermore, we have suggested and examined the reaction pathways responsible for the formation of the desired diorganyl diselenides 1 and side products 2 and 3. Consequently, the selective synthesis of diverse diorganyl diselenides was achieved with modest to excellent yields (33-99%) using various organyl halides under optimized conditions. The results provide a practical and efficient synthetic method for diorganyl diselenides as a representative class of organoselenium compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyup Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, 33, Samyangro 144-gil, Dobong-gu, Seoul 01369, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yoo Jin Lim
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, 33, Samyangro 144-gil, Dobong-gu, Seoul 01369, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chorong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, 33, Samyangro 144-gil, Dobong-gu, Seoul 01369, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ye Eun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, 33, Samyangro 144-gil, Dobong-gu, Seoul 01369, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyunsung Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, 33, Samyangro 144-gil, Dobong-gu, Seoul 01369, Republic of Korea.
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Kim C, Lim YJ, Kim YE, Cho H, Lee SH. Studies on the Selective Syntheses of Sodium Ditelluride and Dialkyl Ditellurides. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27248991. [PMID: 36558124 PMCID: PMC9782605 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies on the selective synthetic method for dialkyl ditellurides 1, a representative class of organyl tellurium compounds, were presented. Considering the difficulty in conducting previous harsh reactions and in suppressing the formation of dialkyl tellurides 2 as side products, we optimized reaction conditions for selective syntheses of sodium ditelluride and the corresponding dialkyl ditellurides 1. We reduced tellurium to sodium ditelluride by using NaBH4 and subsequently, treated the obtained sodium ditelluride with alkyl halides (RX) to give the target compounds 1. Consequently, by applying various alkyl halides (RX) we achieved the selective syntheses of dialkyl ditellurides 1 (13 examples with 4 new compounds) in modest to good yields. We also suggested the mechanistic pathways to dialkyl ditellurides 1.
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Shin NH, Lim YJ, Kim C, Kim YE, Jeong YR, Cho H, Park MS, Lee SH. An Efficient Method for Selective Syntheses of Sodium Selenide and Dialkyl Selenides. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165224. [PMID: 36014475 PMCID: PMC9414418 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The studies on the selective synthesis of dialkyl selenide compounds 1 were presented. Overcoming the complexity and difficulty of selenides (R-Se-R) and/or multiselenides (R-Sen-R; n ≥ 2), we aimed to optimize the reaction condition for the tolerable preparation of sodium selenide (Na2Se) by reducing Se with NaBH4, and then to achieve selective syntheses of dialkyl selenides 1 by subsequently treating the obtained sodium selenide with alkyl halides (RX). Consequently, various dialkyl selenides 1 were efficiently synthesized in good-to-moderate yields. The investigations on reaction pathways and solvent studies were also described.
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Deng Y, Zeng X, Xu H, Liu J, Zhang J, Hu D, Xie J. Highly efficient synthesis of diselenides and ditellurides catalyzed by polyoxomolybdate-based copper. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj04560e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A polyoxomolybdate-based copper-catalyzed synthesis of diselenides and ditellurides from organic iodides and elemental selenium or tellurium in moderate to excellent yields is developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Deng
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, P. R. China
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, P. R. China
| | - Xianghua Zeng
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, P. R. China
| | - Hao Xu
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Liu
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, P. R. China
| | - Junyong Zhang
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, P. R. China
| | - Dongcheng Hu
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, P. R. China
| | - Jingli Xie
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, P. R. China
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