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Skrzypczak N, Pyta K, Bohusz W, Leśniewska A, Gdaniec M, Ruszkowski P, Schilf W, Bartl F, Przybylski P. Cascade Transformation of the Ansamycin Benzoquinone Core into Benzoxazole Influencing Anticancer Activity and Selectivity. J Org Chem 2023; 88:9469-9474. [PMID: 37276434 PMCID: PMC10337034 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The metal-free cascade transformation of geldanamycin benzoquinone core is proposed at relatively mild conditions. This approach yields new benzoxazole ansamycin antibiotics and enables their functionalization in an atom-economic manner, irrespective of the type of amine used. The analysis of the heterocyclization course reveals the dependence of its rate on the nature of the para-substituent within the benzylamine moiety (EDG/EWG) and the strength of the base. The reduction of the ansamycin core enables an increase in anticancer potency and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Skrzypczak
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego
8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Krystian Pyta
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego
8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
- Lebenswissenschaftliche
Fakultät, Institut für Biologie, Biophysikalische Chemie Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstraße 42, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wiktor Bohusz
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego
8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Leśniewska
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego
8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Maria Gdaniec
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego
8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Ruszkowski
- Department
of Pharmacology, Poznań University
of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 5a, 60-806 Poznań, Poland
| | - Wojciech Schilf
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Franz Bartl
- Lebenswissenschaftliche
Fakultät, Institut für Biologie, Biophysikalische Chemie Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstraße 42, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Piotr Przybylski
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego
8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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Skrzypczak N, Buczkowski A, Bohusz W, Nowak E, Tokarska K, Leśniewska A, Alzebari AM, Ruszkowski P, Gdaniec M, Bartl F, Przybylski P. Modifications of geldanamycin via CuAAC altering affinity to chaperone protein Hsp90 and cytotoxicity. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 256:115450. [PMID: 37210951 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Functionalization of alkyne (1) and azide (2) derivatives of geldanamycin (GDM) via dipolar cycloaddition CuAAC yielded 35 new congeners (3-37) with C(17)-triazole arms bearing caps of different nature (basic vs. acidic, hydrophilic vs. hydrophobic). Confrontation of biological data (anticancer activity vs. toxicity in normal cells) with lipophilicity (clogP), dissociation constants (Kd) of complexes with Hsp90 and binding modes to Hsp90 revealed SAR in specific subgroups of GDM derivatives. The most potent GDM congeners 14-16, bearing C(17)-triazole-benzyl-halogen arms exhibited the most optimal clogP values of 2.7-3.1 at favourable binding to Hsp90 (KdHsp90 at μM level). The anticancer activity of 14-16 (IC50 = 0.23-0.41 μM) is higher than those of GDM (IC50 = 0.58-0.64 μM) and actinomycin D (ActD, IC50 = 0.62-0.71 μM) in SKBR-3, SKOV-3 and PC-3 cell lines, with a comparable cytotoxicity in healthy cells. The relationship between structure and attractive anticancer potency (IC50 = 0.53-0.74 μM) is also observed for congeners with C(17)-triazole-saccharide or C(17)-triazole-unsaturated arms. In the former, the absolute configuration at C(4) (ᴅ-glucose vs. ᴅ-galactose) whereas in the latter the length of the unsaturated arm influences the cytotoxic effects due to different binding strength (Kd, ΔE) and modes with Hsp90. Among all triazole congeners of GDM that are biologically attractive and exhibit lower toxicity in normal cells than GDM and ActD, the derivative 22, bearing the C(17)-triazole-cinnamyl arm, shows the lowest Kd (Hsp90), optimal clogP = 2.82, the best pro-apoptotic properties in SKBR-3 and SKOV-3 and the best selectivity indices (SI). For the most potent GDM derivatives with C(17)-triazole arm, the docking studies have suggested the importance of the intermolecular stabilization between the arm and the D57 or Y61 of Hsp90.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Skrzypczak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Adam Buczkowski
- Unit of Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 165, Lodz, 90-236, Poland
| | - Wiktor Bohusz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewelina Nowak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Klaudia Tokarska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Leśniewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Attaa Mohammed Alzebari
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Ruszkowski
- Department of Pharmacology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 5a, 60-806, Poznań, Poland
| | - Maria Gdaniec
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Franz Bartl
- Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultӓt, Institut fȕr Biologie, Biophysikalische Chemie Humboldt-Universitӓt zu Berlin, Invalidenstraße 42, Berlin, Germany
| | - Piotr Przybylski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
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Skrzypczak N, Przybylski P. Structural diversity and biological relevance of benzenoid and atypical ansamycins and their congeners. Nat Prod Rep 2022; 39:1678-1704. [PMID: 35262153 DOI: 10.1039/d2np00004k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2011 to 2021The structural division of ansamycins, including those of atypical cores and different lengths of the ansa chains, is presented. Recently discovered benzenoid and atypical ansamycin scaffolds are presented in relation to their natural source and biosynthetic routes realized in bacteria as well as their muta and semisynthetic modifications influencing biological properties. To better understand the structure-activity relationships among benzenoid ansamycins structural aspects together with mechanisms of action regarding different targets in cells, are discussed. The most promising directions for structural optimizations of benzenoid ansamycins, characterized by predominant anticancer properties, were discussed in view of their potential medical and pharmaceutical applications. The bibliography of the review covers mainly years from 2011 to 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Skrzypczak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Piotr Przybylski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland.
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