1
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Kommula B, Chakraborty S, Banoo M, Roy RS, Sil S, Swarnkar A, Rawat B, Kailasam K, Gautam UK. Waste Polyethylene-Derived Carbon Dots: Administration of Metal-Free Oxidizing Agents for Tunable Properties and Photocatalytic Hyperactivity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:39470-39481. [PMID: 39029128 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c08635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
The possibility of converting waste plastics into carbon dots (CDs) with 100% efficiencies using KMnO4 has emerged as a significant discovery in mitigating plastic pollution and upcycling. However, the lack of tunability of their properties, viz. aerial O2 harvesting, light-induced autophagy, and photoactivity using air as a free oxidant, has remained a bottleneck. Besides, the toxicity of KMnO4 makes the process less sustainable. Attempting to bridge these gaps, herein, we demonstrate the preparation of CDs using polyethylene with enormous controllability of their properties by utilizing less-toxic and metal-residue-free oxidizers, e.g., H2O2, HNO3, HClO4, and NaClO. We obtain structurally diverse CDs with controllable luminescent quantum yields (∼0.5-8%), excitonic lifetimes (1.3-2.3 ns), and binding energies (147-290 meV). These CDs exhibit a hugely extended range of molecular O2 harvesting (∼405-650 μM) with different amounts of strongly and weakly surface-bound O2 molecules within an estimated ratio of ∼0.77-2.51. Autophagy varied from 14 days to a nearly "no-autophagy" show. We efficiently utilized their oxygen harvesting and photocatalytic abilities to synthesize imine compounds from the corresponding amines in the open air (rate constant of ∼0.055 min-1), surpassing the literature efficiencies achieved using an O2 flow and noble metals. Notably, due to oxygen harvesting by CDs, no additional rate enhancement was observed after O2 purging, establishing the role of CDs in making free air an excellent oxidizing agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bramhaiah Kommula
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Mohali, Mohali, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Sagnik Chakraborty
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Mohali, Mohali, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Maqsuma Banoo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Mohali, Mohali, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Raj Sekhar Roy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Mohali, Mohali, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Supriya Sil
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Mohali, Mohali, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Abhishek Swarnkar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Mohali, Mohali, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Bhawna Rawat
- Advanced Functional Nanomaterials, Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Knowledge City, Sector-81, Manauli, Mohali, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Kamalakannan Kailasam
- Advanced Functional Nanomaterials, Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Knowledge City, Sector-81, Manauli, Mohali, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Ujjal K Gautam
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Mohali, Mohali, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
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2
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Huang J, Li X, Liu P, Wei Y, Liu S, Ma X. Selective Oxidative Cleavage of Benzyl C-N Bond under Metal-Free Electrochemical Conditions. Molecules 2024; 29:2851. [PMID: 38930916 PMCID: PMC11206264 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
With the growing significance of green chemistry in organic synthesis, electrochemical oxidation has seen rapid development. Compounds undergo oxidation-reduction reactions through electron transfer at the electrode surface. This article proposes the use of electrochemical methods to achieve cleavage of the benzyl C-N bond. This method selectively oxidatively cleaves the C-N bond without the need for metal catalysts or external oxidants. Additionally, primary, secondary, and tertiary amines exhibit good adaptability under these conditions, utilizing water as the sole source of oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Huang
- State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; (J.H.); (X.L.); (P.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xiaoman Li
- State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; (J.H.); (X.L.); (P.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; (J.H.); (X.L.); (P.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yu Wei
- State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; (J.H.); (X.L.); (P.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Shuai Liu
- Bingtuan Energy Development Institute, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Xiaowei Ma
- State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; (J.H.); (X.L.); (P.L.); (Y.W.)
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3
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Zong ZM, Zhang L, Li GP, Wang W, Zhao XJ, He Y. Electrochemical-Induced C-N Bond Formation: A New Method to Synthesis ( Z)-Quinazolinone Oximes Using Primary Amines and Quinazolin-4(3 H)-one. Org Lett 2024; 26:1271-1276. [PMID: 38323795 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
A novel and highly selective electrochemical method for the synthesis of diverse quinazolinone oximes via direct electrooxidation of primary amines/C(sp2)-H functionalization of oximes has been developed. The reaction is conducted in an undivided cell under constant current conditions and is oxidant-free, open-air, and eco-friendly. Notably, the protocol shows good functional group tolerance, providing versatile quinazolinone oximes in good yields. Moreover, the mechanism is investigated through control experiments and cyclic voltammogram (CV) experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Min Zong
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Lizhu Zhang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Gan-Peng Li
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yonghui He
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China
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4
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Yang MY, Zhang SB, Zhang M, Li ZH, Liu YF, Liao X, Lu M, Li SL, Lan YQ. Three-Motif Molecular Junction Type Covalent Organic Frameworks for Efficient Photocatalytic Aerobic Oxidation. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:3396-3404. [PMID: 38266485 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), with the features of flexible structure regulation and easy introduction of functional groups, have aroused broad interest in the field of photocatalysis. However, due to the low light absorption intensity, low photoelectron conversion efficiency, and lack of suitable active sites, it remains a great challenge to achieve efficient photocatalytic aerobic oxidation reactions. Herein, based on reticular chemistry, we rationally designed a series of three-motif molecular junction type COFs, which formed dual photosensitizer coupled redox molecular junctions containing multifunctional COF photocatalysts. Significantly, due to the strong light adsorption ability of dual photosensitizer units and integrated oxidation and reduction features, the PY-BT COF exhibited the highest activity for photocatalytic aerobic oxidation. Especially, it achieved a photocatalytic benzylamine conversion efficiency of 99.9% in 2.5 h, which is much higher than that of the two-motif molecular junctions with only one photosensitizer or redox unit lacking COFs. The mechanism of selective aerobic oxidation was studied through comprehensive experiments and density functional theory calculations. The results showed that the photoinduced electron transfer occurred from PY and then through triphenylamine to BT. Furthermore, the thermodynamics energy for benzylamine oxidation on PY-BT COF was much lower than that for others, which confirmed the synergistic effect of dual photosensitizer coupled redox molecular junction COFs. This work provided a new strategy for the design of functional COFs with three-motif molecular junctions and also represented a new insight into the multifunctional COFs for organic catalytic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yi Yang
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Shuai-Bing Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Environment Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Mi Zhang
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Ze-Hui Li
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Fei Liu
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xing Liao
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Meng Lu
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Shun-Li Li
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Qian Lan
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
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5
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Nie X, Zhao Y, Gao W, Liu W, Cheng X, Gao Y, Shang N, Gao S, Wang C. Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Hyper-Cross-Linked Polymers Toward Amines Oxidation Coupled with H 2 O 2 Generation through Extending Monomer's Conjugation Degree. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203607. [PMID: 36482168 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Visible-light-driven amines oxidation coupled with hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) generation is a promising way to convert solar energy to chemical energy. Herein, a series of hyper-cross-linked polymers (HCPs) photocatalysts with different arenes monomers, including benzene (BE), diphenyl (DP), p-terphenyl (TP), or p-quaterphenyl (QP), were synthesized by simple Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction. Owing to the maximum monomer's conjunction degree and excellent oxygen (O2 ) adsorption capacity, QP-HCPs exhibited highest photocatalytic activity for benzylamine oxidation coupled with H2 O2 generation under the irradiation of 455 nm Blue LED lamp. More than 99 % of benzylamine could be converted to N-benzylidenebenzylamine within 60 min. In addition, nearly stoichiometric H2 O2 was synchronously obtained with a high production rate of 9.3 mmol gcat -1 h-1 . Our work not only demonstrated that the photocatalytic activity of HCPs photocatalysts significantly depends on monomer's conjunction degree, but also provided a new strategy for converting solar energy to chemical energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhao Nie
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhao
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, P.R. China
| | - Wei Gao
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, P.R. China
| | - Weihua Liu
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Cheng
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, P.R. China
| | - Yongjun Gao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, P.R. China
| | - Ningzhao Shang
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, P.R. China
| | - Shutao Gao
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, P.R. China
| | - Chun Wang
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, P.R. China
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6
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Mazibuko M, Jeena V. Synthesis of 2,4,5-Trisubstituted Oxazoles from Copper-Mediated Benzylic sp 3 C-H Aerobic Oxidative Annulation of Ketones and Amines via a Cascade Reaction. J Org Chem 2023; 88:1227-1234. [PMID: 36575054 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The functionalization of sp3 carbons is deemed challenging in synthetic organic chemistry yet has tremendous potential in producing potent organic compounds. A facile synthesis of 2,4,5-trisubstituted oxazoles through an oxidative, copper-catalyzed, and solvent-free annulation is described. Various arylated oxazoles were efficaciously synthesized at a mild temperature from readily available substrates under a molecular oxygen atmosphere. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggested that the reaction proceeds via an anionic-type mechanism and indicated the formation of a keto-imine intermediate. The reaction is notable for the abstraction of six hydrogen atoms, the functionalization of one sp2 carbon and two sp3 carbons, and the formation of C-O and C-N bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mncedisi Mazibuko
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa
| | - Vineet Jeena
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa
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7
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Kadu VD. Recent Advances for Synthesis of Oxazole Heterocycles
via
C‐H/C‐N Bond Functionalization of Benzylamines. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202104028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vikas D. Kadu
- School of Chemical Sciences Punyashlok Ahilyadevi Holkar Solapur University Solapur 413255 Maharashtra India
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8
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Oxone-Promoted Synthesis of Bis(indolyl)methanes from Arylmethylamines and Indoles. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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9
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Nandwana NK, Bhawani, Shinde VN, Kumar A. Copper‐Catalyzed One‐Pot, Three‐Component Synthesis of Imidazo[1,2‐
c
]quinazolines and Benzimidazo[1,2‐
c
]quinazolines. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nitesh K. Nandwana
- Department of Chemistry Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani 333031 India
- School of Pharmacy Long Island University Brooklyn New York USA
| | - Bhawani
- Department of Chemistry Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani 333031 India
| | - Vikki N. Shinde
- Department of Chemistry Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani 333031 India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani 333031 India
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10
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Si T, Kim HY, Oh K. One-Pot Direct Oxidation of Primary Amines to Carboxylic Acids through Tandem ortho-Naphthoquinone-Catalyzed and TBHP-Promoted Oxidation Sequence. Chemistry 2021; 27:18150-18155. [PMID: 34755925 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Biomimetic oxidation of primary amines to carboxylic acids has been developed where the copper-containing amine oxidase (CuAO)-like o-NQ-catalyzed aerobic oxidation was combined with the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)-like TBHP-mediated imine oxidation protocol. Notably, the current tandem oxidation strategy provides a new mechanistic insight into the imine intermediate and the seemingly simple TBHP-mediated oxidation pathways of imines. The developed metal-free amine oxidation protocol allows the use of molecular oxygen and TBHP, safe forms of oxidant that may appeal to the industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengda Si
- Center for Metareceptome Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Young Kim
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungsoo Oh
- Center for Metareceptome Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
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