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Al Beiruty H, Zhylinska SS, Kutateladze N, Cheong HKT, Ñíguez JA, Burlingham SJ, Marset X, Guillena G, Chinchilla R, Alonso DA, Nugent TC. Enantioselective Catalytic Aldol Reactions in the Presence of Knoevenagel Nucleophiles: A Chemoselective Switch Optimized in Deep Eutectic Solvents Using Mechanochemistry. Molecules 2023; 29:4. [PMID: 38202587 PMCID: PMC10779746 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In the presence of different nucleophilic Knoevenagel competitors, cyclic and acyclic ketones have been shown to undergo highly chemoselective aldol reactions with aldehydes. In doing so, the substrate breadth for this emerging methodology has been significantly broadened. The method is also no longer beholden to proline-based catalyst templates, e.g., commercially available O-t-Bu-L-threonine is advantageous for acyclic ketones. The key insight was to exploit water-based mediums under conventional (in-water) and non-conventional (deep eutectic solvents) conditions. With few exceptions, high aldol-to-Knoevenagel chemoselectivity (>10:1) and good product profiles (yield, dr, and ee) were observed, but only in DESs (deep eutectic solvents) in conjunction with ball milling did short reaction times occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa Al Beiruty
- School of Science, Constructor University, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Nino Kutateladze
- School of Science, Constructor University, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | | | - José A. Ñíguez
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Synthesis (ISO), University of Alicante, P.O. Box 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain (G.G.); (R.C.)
| | - Sarah J. Burlingham
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Synthesis (ISO), University of Alicante, P.O. Box 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain (G.G.); (R.C.)
| | - Xavier Marset
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Synthesis (ISO), University of Alicante, P.O. Box 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain (G.G.); (R.C.)
| | - Gabriela Guillena
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Synthesis (ISO), University of Alicante, P.O. Box 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain (G.G.); (R.C.)
| | - Rafael Chinchilla
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Synthesis (ISO), University of Alicante, P.O. Box 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain (G.G.); (R.C.)
| | - Diego A. Alonso
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Synthesis (ISO), University of Alicante, P.O. Box 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain (G.G.); (R.C.)
| | - Thomas C. Nugent
- School of Science, Constructor University, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
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2
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Zhang Z, Sui A, Zhang X, Wang X, He X, Zhang B, Wu H. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Vinylogous Michael Addition of Electron-Deficient Aryl Alkane Nucleophiles to Enals. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 38015566 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
We report herein a protocol for an organocatalyzed asymmetric vinylogous Michael addition of aryl alkane nucleophiles with enals under base- and additive-free conditions. A series of allylic building blocks were obtained in 60%-93% yield and 88-99% ee with 20 mol % diphenylprolinol silyl ether as catalyst. This protocol has advantages such as excellent chemoselectivity and regioselectivity, good tolerance of functionalities, and simple reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguang Zhang
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Ao Sui
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Xu Wang
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Xinyi He
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Bingzhu Zhang
- Hebei Chemical and Pharmaceutical College, Shijiazhuang 050026, China
| | - Haixia Wu
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
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3
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Yu S, Cai Q, Yu T, Li J, Yao C, Li YM. New Binaphthyl-Proline-Based Chiral Ligands Bearing Imidazoline Groups: Design, Synthesis, and Their Application in Enantioselective Conjugate Addition of 4-Hydroxycoumarin and Related Nucleophiles to β,γ-Unsaturated α-Ketoesters. J Org Chem 2023; 88:14928-14944. [PMID: 37874252 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the design and application of new binaphthyl-proline-based chiral ligands bearing imidazoline functional groups. These chiral ligands incorporate the advantages of both the binaphthyl and proline skeletons, they are featured with regulatable electronic and steric properties for the imidazoline functional groups, and form chiral complexes with different metal salts such as cuprous acetate. In the presence of an appropriate amount of a chiral catalyst, enantioselective conjugate addition of 4-hydroxycoumarin or related nucleophiles to different β,γ-unsaturated α-ketoesters proceeded readily, giving the desired products in high yield (up to 99%) and excellent enantiomeric excess (up to 99%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibo Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Qihang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Tianxu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Chao Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yue-Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
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4
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Quintavalla A, Carboni D, Simeone M, Lombardo M. Stereoselective Synthesis of α-Disubstituted β-Homoprolines. Org Lett 2023; 25:7067-7071. [PMID: 37729003 PMCID: PMC10546376 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
An efficient enantioselective synthesis of chiral α-disubstituted β-homoprolines was developed, starting with the stereodivergent allylation of chiral N-tert-butanesulfinyl imines derived from 4-bromobutanal with indium or zinc and using well-established and reliable synthetic transformations. This methodology allows the easy introduction of different substituents at the α-position of the pyrrolidine scaffold and is characterized by the possibility of switching the absolute configuration of the newly formed stereocenter either by changing the configuration of the tert-butanesufinamide chiral auxiliary or by using a different stereodivergent allylation protocol with the same auxiliary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Quintavalla
- Alma
Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, via P. Gobetti 85, 40129 Bologna, Italy
- Center
for Chemical Catalysis - C3, Alma Mater
Studiorum - Università di Bologna, via P. Gobetti 85, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Davide Carboni
- Alma
Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, via P. Gobetti 85, 40129 Bologna, Italy
- Center
for Chemical Catalysis - C3, Alma Mater
Studiorum - Università di Bologna, via P. Gobetti 85, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Simeone
- Alma
Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, via P. Gobetti 85, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Lombardo
- Alma
Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, via P. Gobetti 85, 40129 Bologna, Italy
- Center
for Chemical Catalysis - C3, Alma Mater
Studiorum - Università di Bologna, via P. Gobetti 85, 40129 Bologna, Italy
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5
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Sahoo J, Panda J, Giri S, Sahoo G. Concept-Driven Chemoselective O/N-Derivatization of Prolinol: A Bee-Line Approach to Access Organocatalysts. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37402179 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
An investigation into the sensitivity of reaction conditions to a highly utilized protocol has been reported, wherein the mono-Boc functionalization of prolinol could be controlled for the exclusive synthesis of either N-Boc, O-Boc, or oxazolidinone derivatives. Mechanistic investigation revealed that the elementary steps could possibly be controlled by (a) a requisite base to recognize the differently acidic sites (NH and OH) for the formation of the conjugate base, which reacts with the electrophile, and (b) the difference in nucleophilicity of the conjugate basic sites. Herein, a successful chemoselective functionalization of the nucleophilic sites of prolinol by employing a suitable base is reported. This has been achieved by exploiting the relative acidity difference of NH and OH along with the reversed nucleophilicity of the corresponding conjugate bases N- and O-. This protocol has also been used for the synthesis of several O-functionalized prolinol derived organocatalysts, few of which have been newly reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jigyansa Sahoo
- Organocatalysis and Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Jeetendra Panda
- Organocatalysis and Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Santanab Giri
- School of Applied Science and Humanities, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia 721657, West Bengal, India
| | - Gokarneswar Sahoo
- Organocatalysis and Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
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6
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Némethová V, Krištofíková D, Mečiarová M, Šebesta R. Asymmetric Organocatalysis Under Mechanochemical Conditions. CHEM REC 2023:e202200283. [PMID: 36703542 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetric organocatalysis is a robust methodology providing access to numerous valuable compounds while having green chemistry principles in mind. The realization of organocatalytic transformation under solvent-free mechanochemical conditions brings additional benefits in terms of yields, selectivities, and, last but not least overall improved sustainability. This overview describes developments in the use of mechanochemistry as a vehicle for asymmetric organocatalytic transformations. The material is organized according to main catalytic activation modes, starting with covalent activation and proceeding to non-covalent activation modes. The advantages of mechanochemical organocatalytic reactions are particularly highlighted, but in some cases also, limitations are mentioned. Possibilities for target compound synthesis are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktória Némethová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Dominika Krištofíková
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Mária Mečiarová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Radovan Šebesta
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
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7
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Deepa, Singh S. Prolinamide and Prolinamide Tagged with Ionic Liquid Intercalated in Bentonite Clay, a Recyclable Catalyst for Asymmetric Aldol Reactions. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Deepa
- Department of Chemistry University of Delhi Delhi 110007 India
| | - Surendra Singh
- Department of Chemistry University of Delhi Delhi 110007 India
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8
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Bae D, Lee JW, Ryu DH. Enantio- and Diastereoselective Michael Addition of Cyclic Ketones/Aldehydes to Nitroolefins in Water as Catalyzed by Proline-Derived Bifunctional Organocatalysts. J Org Chem 2022; 87:16532-16541. [PMID: 36442143 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
New l-proline-derived bifunctional secondary amine organocatalysts were synthesized for enantioselective Michael reactions in water as a solvent. Application of these catalysts in Michael additions provided high yield (up to 97%) with high stereoselectivity (dr up to 99:1 and ee up to 99%). The effect of phenyl group at (R)-C6 in the catalyst was investigated and played a key role in successful catalysis by density functional theory computational calculations. The synthetic utility of this reaction was demonstrated by the formal synthesis of Sch 50971, which is a novel histamine H3 receptor agonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daeil Bae
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan, Suwon16419, Korea
| | - Jin Won Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan, Suwon16419, Korea
| | - Do Hyun Ryu
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan, Suwon16419, Korea
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9
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Yao C, Chen Y, Wang C, Sun R, Chang H, Jiang R, Li L, Wang X, Li YM. Binaphthyl-Proline Hybrid Chiral Ligands: Modular Design, Synthesis, and Enantioswitching in Cu(II)-Catalyzed Enantioselective Henry Reactions. J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yaoqi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ruize Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Haotian Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ruiheng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yue-Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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10
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β-Amino Acid Organocatalysts in the Asymmetric Michael Addition of Isobutyraldehyde to N-Substituted Maleimides. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12090992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric Michael additions of carbonyl compounds to N-substituted maleimides are among the most convenient reactions to prepare optically pure succinimide building blocks. Although a few β-amino acids were found to be highly efficient organocatalysts in the addition of α-branched aldehydes, the effect of their structure on the results of these reactions has not yet been investigated. In the present study, we disclose several unexpected and interesting structural effects of aliphatic and cycloaliphatic β-amino acids obtained in the enantioselective conjugate addition of isobutyraldehyde to N-benzylmaleimide. The dependence of the sense of the enantioselectivity on the bulkiness of the substituent on the β-carbon atom, the beneficial spatial arrangements of the functional groups in cis isomers with cyclohexane scaffold and the inversion of the enantioselectivity depending on the absence of a base additive observed with some trans isomers are unprecedented findings. The minor influence of the nitrogen substituent of the maleimide ring on both the reaction rate and the enantioselectivity was also evidenced using alicyclic β-amino acid prepared from an easily available terpene derivative.
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11
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Corbisiero D, Fantoni T, Ferrazzano L, Martelli G, Cantelmi P, Mattellone A, Palladino C, Monari M, Pedrazzani R, Tolomelli A, Cabri W. Fast MacMillan's Imidazolidinone-Catalyzed Enantioselective Synthesis of Polyfunctionalized 4-Isoxazoline Scaffolds. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:26919-26927. [PMID: 35936453 PMCID: PMC9352246 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The enantioselective 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of nitrones and arylpropionaldehydes to generate highly functionalized scaffolds for application in drug discovery was herein investigated. The use of a second-generation MacMillan catalyst as hydrochloride salt consistently accelerated the reaction speed, allowing a decrease in the reaction time up to >100 times, still affording 4-isoxazolines with good to excellent enantiomeric ratios at room temperature. As a proof of concept, further functionalization of the isoxazoline core through Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling was performed, generating differently functionalized chemical architectures in high yield.
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12
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Del Vecchio A, Sinibaldi A, Nori V, Giorgianni G, Di Carmine G, Pesciaioli F. Synergistic Strategies in Aminocatalysis. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200818. [PMID: 35666172 PMCID: PMC9539941 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Synergistic catalysis offers the unique possibility of simultaneous activation of both the nucleophile and the electrophile in a reaction. A requirement for this strategy is the stability of the active species towards the reaction conditions and the two concerted catalytic cycles. Since the beginning of the century, aminocatalysis has been established as a platform for the stereoselective activation of carbonyl compounds through HOMO‐raising or LUMO‐lowering. The burgeoning era of aminocatalysis has been driven by a deep understanding of these activation and stereoinduction modes, thanks to the introduction of versatile and privileged chiral amines. The aim of this review is to cover recent developments in synergistic strategies involving aminocatalysis in combination with organo‐, metal‐, photo‐, and electro‐catalysis, focusing on the evolution of privileged aminocatalysts architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Del Vecchio
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences Università degli Studi, dell'Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Arianna Sinibaldi
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences Università degli Studi, dell'Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Valeria Nori
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences Università degli Studi, dell'Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giuliana Giorgianni
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences Università degli Studi, dell'Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Graziano Di Carmine
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabio Pesciaioli
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences Università degli Studi, dell'Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
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13
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Di Carmine G, Pesciaioli F, Wang S, Sinibaldi A, Giorgianni G, Parlett CMA, Carlone A, D'Agostino C. Insights into substituent effects of benzaldehyde derivatives in a heterogenous organocatalyzed aldol reaction. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Graziano Di Carmine
- University of Ferrara: Universita degli Studi di Ferrara Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Farmaceutiche ed Agrarie ITALY
| | - Fabio Pesciaioli
- University of Aquila: Universita degli Studi dell'Aquila Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche ITALY
| | | | - Arianna Sinibaldi
- University of Aquila: Universita degli Studi dell'Aquila Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche ITALY
| | - Giuliana Giorgianni
- University of Aquila: Universita degli Studi dell'Aquila Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche ITALY
| | | | - Armando Carlone
- University of Aquila: Universita degli Studi dell'Aquila Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche ITALY
| | - Carmine D'Agostino
- The University of Manchester School Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science The MillSackville Street M13 9PL Manchester UNITED KINGDOM
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14
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Xu G, Bing L, Jia B, Bai S, Sun J. Comparison of mesoporous fractal characteristics of silica-supported organocatalysts derived from bipyridine-proline and resultant effects on the catalytic asymmetric aldol performances. RSC Adv 2022; 12:10800-10814. [PMID: 35424978 PMCID: PMC8988269 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00971d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Three kinds of the bipyridine-proline chiral ligands as highly active species were successfully introduced on Zn-modified mesoporous silica nanomaterials (BMMs, MCM-41, and SBA-15) via the covalent attachment and coordination methods. Their microstructural features and physicochemical properties were extensively characterized via XRD patterns, SEM/TEM images, TGA profiles, FT-IR and UV-Vis spectra. In particular, their fractal features, the pair distance distribution function, and the Porod plots were evaluated thoroughly on the basis of the SAXS data. Meanwhile, their catalytic performances for asymmetric aldol reactions between p-nitrobenzaldehyde and cyclohexanone were evaluated. The results indicated that the bimodal mesoporous BMMs-based samples with short worm-like mesoporous channels possessed both mass and surface fractal features, whereas the MCM-41- and SBA-15-based samples with long-range ordered structures only showed surface fractal features. The influences of various reaction parameters, including the textures of the mesoporous silicas, the structures of the used chiral ligands, and the molecular volumes of aldehydes, on the catalytic activities (yield) and stereoselectivities (dr and ee) were investigated thoroughly. The results showed satisfactory activities (yields) and better stereoselectivity (dr and ee) in comparison with the homogeneous catalytic system using Z as the catalysts. In particular, the 3rd recycle catalytic performances of the Z-immobilized heterogeneous catalysts retained high catalytic yields (around 80%) and ee values of 28%. These phenomena were well interpreted by the essential relationships between the fractal characteristics of these heterogeneous catalysts and their catalytic activities. The relationships between the fractal evolution and catalytic behavior of the resultant catalysts were deeply explored via SAXS method and other characterizations. The applicability and reliability of fractal theory are therefore proved.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangpeng Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China
| | - Liujie Bing
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China
| | - Bingying Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China
| | - Shiyang Bai
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China
| | - Jihong Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China
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15
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Rénio M, Murtinho D, Ventura MR. New bifunctional 1,3-diamine organocatalysts derived from (+)-camphoric acid for asymmetric Michael addition of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds to nitroolefins. Chirality 2022; 34:782-795. [PMID: 35166402 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Novel 1,3-diamine-derived bifunctional thiourea and squaramide organocatalysts were synthesized from (+)-camphoric acid. These catalysts were easily obtained in up to two to five synthetic steps, in a flexible approach that facilitates their structure variation. Their catalytic activity was examined in the asymmetric Michael addition of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds to several trans-β-nitrostyrenes. Yields up to 98% and enantiomeric excesses up to 74% and high diastereoselectivities when applicable (dr up to 93:7) were obtained in these reactions showing that 1,3-diamine-derived bifunctional thioureas are efficient organocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcia Rénio
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Dina Murtinho
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - M Rita Ventura
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
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16
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Yilmaz DG, Aydogan F, Yolacan C. An investigation of chiral diamides as organocatalysts in asymmetric aldol reaction. J Heterocycl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Gul Yilmaz
- Department of Chemistry Yildiz Technical University, Davutpasa Campus, 34010 Esenler Istanbul Turkey
| | - Feray Aydogan
- Department of Chemistry Yildiz Technical University, Davutpasa Campus, 34010 Esenler Istanbul Turkey
| | - Cigdem Yolacan
- Department of Chemistry Yildiz Technical University, Davutpasa Campus, 34010 Esenler Istanbul Turkey
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17
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Williams MTJ, Morrill LC, Browne DL. Mechanochemical Organocatalysis: Do High Enantioselectivities Contradict What We Might Expect? CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202102157. [PMID: 34767693 PMCID: PMC9300213 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202102157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Ball mills input energy to samples by pulverising the contents of the jar. Each impact on the sample or wall of the jar results in an instantaneous transmission of energy in the form of a temperature and pressure increase (volume reduction). Conversely, enantioselective organocatalytic reactions proceed through perceived delicate and well-organised transition states. Does there exist a dichotomy in the idea of enantioselective mechanochemical organocatalysis? This Review provides a survey of the literature reporting the combination of organocatalytic reactions with mechanochemical ball milling conditions. Where possible, direct comparisons of stirred in solution, stirred neat and ball milled processes are drawn with a particular focus on control of stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T. J. Williams
- Cardiff Catalysis InstituteSchool of ChemistryCardiff UniversityPark PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
| | - Louis C. Morrill
- Cardiff Catalysis InstituteSchool of ChemistryCardiff UniversityPark PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
| | - Duncan L. Browne
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological ChemistrySchool of PharmacyUniversity College London29–39 Brunswick Square, BloomsburyLondonWC1N 1AXUK
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18
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Lemos BC, Venturini Filho E, Fiorot RG, Medici F, Greco SJ, Benaglia M. Enantioselective Povarov Reactions: An Update of a Powerful Catalytic Synthetic Methodology. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara C. Lemos
- Chemistry Department Federal University of Espírito Santo Vitória Espírito Santo CEP.: 29075-910 Brazil
| | - Eclair Venturini Filho
- Chemistry Department Federal University of Espírito Santo Vitória Espírito Santo CEP.: 29075-910 Brazil
| | - Rodolfo G. Fiorot
- Chemistry Institute Federal Fluminense University Outeiro de São João Batista RJ, 24020-141 Niteroi Brazil
| | - Fabrizio Medici
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 Milano Italy
| | - Sandro J. Greco
- Chemistry Department Federal University of Espírito Santo Vitória Espírito Santo CEP.: 29075-910 Brazil
| | - Maurizio Benaglia
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 Milano Italy
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19
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Chiral Ionic Liquids Based on l-Cysteine Derivatives for Asymmetric Aldol Reaction. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Structure, and consequently properties, of ionic liquids can be easily tailored by changing cation/anion combinations and/or attaching functional groups. By grafting enantiopure moieties to the framework of ionic liquid it is possible to prepare bioinspired chiral molecules that can serve as a reaction medium, additive or even asymmetric catalyst. In this context, new chiral ionic liquids (CILs), based on biomolecules, such as aminoacids (l-Cysteine derivatives), have been synthesised and tested in asymmetric aldol condensation of aldehydes and ketones. The best results were obtained for CILs composed of S-methyl-l-cysteine cation and bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide anion, in the reaction of 2- or 4-nitrobenzaldehyde with acetone or cyclohexanone, giving the aldol product in moderate yields 70–76% and high ee values (up to 96%).
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20
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Kozma V, Szőllősi G. Conjugate addition of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds to maleimides using bifunctional primary amine‒(thio)phosphoramide organocatalysts. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.112089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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21
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Huang X, Zhang W. Recyclable fluorous cinchona organocatalysts for asymmetric synthesis of biologically interesting compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:10116-10124. [PMID: 34522921 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03722f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Organocatalysis has unique modes of activation, mild reaction conditions, and good catalyst structural amenability. The integration of green techniques such as catalyst recovery and one-pot reactions makes organocatalysis more efficient and attractive. Presented in this article are the recyclable cinchona alkaloid-catalyzed reactions including fluorination and Michael addition-initiated cascade reactions in asymmetric synthesis of functionalized compounds of biological interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA 02125, USA.
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22
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Valapil DG, Kadagathur M, Shankaraiah N. Stereoselective Aldol and Conjugate Addition Reactions Mediated by Proline‐Based Catalysts and Its Analogues: A Concise Review. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Durgesh Gurukkala Valapil
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad 500037 India
| | - Manasa Kadagathur
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad 500037 India
| | - Nagula Shankaraiah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad 500037 India
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23
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Landeros JM, Cruz‐Hernández C, Juaristi E. α‐Amino Acids and α,β‐Dipeptides Intercalated into Hydrotalcite: Efficient Catalysts in the Asymmetric Michael Addition Reaction of Aldehydes to
N
‐Substituted Maleimides. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José M. Landeros
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados Instituto Politécnico Nacional Avenida IPN #2508 07360 Ciudad de México Mexico
| | - Carlos Cruz‐Hernández
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados Instituto Politécnico Nacional Avenida IPN #2508 07360 Ciudad de México Mexico
| | - Eusebio Juaristi
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados Instituto Politécnico Nacional Avenida IPN #2508 07360 Ciudad de México Mexico
- El Colegio Nacional Luis González Obregón 23, Centro Histórico 06020 Ciudad de México Mexico
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24
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Isothiouronium salt based chiral proline amide as efficient bifunctional organocatalyst for direct asymmetric aldol reactions in aqueous medium. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abstract
Organocatalysts are abundantly used for various transformations, particularly to obtain highly enantio- and diastereomeric pure products by controlling the stereochemistry. These applications of organocatalysts have been the topic of several reviews. Organocatalysts have emerged as one of the very essential areas of research due to their mild reaction conditions, cost-effective nature, non-toxicity, and environmentally benign approach that obviates the need for transition metal catalysts and other toxic reagents. Various types of organocatalysts including amine catalysts, Brønsted acids, and Lewis bases such as N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysts, cinchona alkaloids, 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), and hydrogen bond-donating catalysts, have gained renewed interest because of their regioselectivity. In this review, we present recent advances in regiodivergent reactions that are governed by organocatalysts. Additionally, we briefly discuss the reaction pathways of achieving regiodivergent products by changes in conditions such as solvents, additives, or the temperature.
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