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Papanikolaou A, Chatzikonstantinou AV, Zarafeta D, Kourkoumelis N, Skretas G, Pavlidis ΙV, Stamatis H. Substrate Specificity of the Highly Thermostable Esterase EstDZ3. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202200642. [PMID: 36545817 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Esterases are among the most studied enzymes, and their applications expand into several branches of industrial biotechnology. Yet, despite the fact that information on their substrate specificity is crucial for selecting or designing the best fitted biocatalyst for the desired application, it cannot be predicted from their amino acid sequence. In this work, we studied the substrate scope of the newly discovered hydrolytic extremozyme, EstDZ3, against a library of esters with variable carbon chain lengths in an effort to understand the crucial amino acids for the substrate selectivity of this enzyme. EstDZ3 appears to be active against a wide range of esters with high selectivity towards medium- to long-carbon chain vinyl esters. In-silico studies of its 3D structure revealed that the selectivity might arise from the mainly hydrophobic nature of the active site's environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelos Papanikolaou
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Alexandra V Chatzikonstantinou
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitra Zarafeta
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Kourkoumelis
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Georgios Skretas
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635, Athens, Greece.,Institute for Bio-innovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", 16672, Vari, Greece
| | - Ιoannis V Pavlidis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete Voutes, University Campus, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Haralambos Stamatis
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
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Expanding Access to Optically Active Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs via Lipase-Catalyzed KR of Racemic Acids Using Trialkyl Orthoesters as Irreversible Alkoxy Group Donors. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12050546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies into the enzymatic kinetic resolution (EKR) of 2-arylpropanoic acids (‘profens’), as the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) of blockbuster non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), by using various trialkyl orthoesters as irreversible alkoxy group donors in organic media, were performed. The enzymatic reactions of target substrates were optimized using several different immobilized preparations of lipase type B from the yeast Candida antarctica (CAL-B). The influence of crucial parameters, including the type of enzyme and alkoxy agent, as well as the nature of the organic co-solvent and time of the process on the conversion and enantioselectivity of the enzymatic kinetic resolution, is described. The optimal EKR procedure for the racemic profens consisted of a Novozym 435-STREM lipase preparation suspended in a mixture of 3 equiv of trimethyl or triethyl orthoacetate as alkoxy donor and toluene or n-hexane as co-solvent, depending on the employed racemic NSAIDs. The reported biocatalytic system provided optically active products with moderate-to-good enantioselectivity upon esterification lasting for 7–48 h, with most promising results in terms of enantiomeric purity of the pharmacologically active enantiomers of title APIs obtained on the analytical scale for: (S)-flurbiprofen (97% ee), (S)-ibuprofen (91% ee), (S)-ketoprofen (69% ee), and (S)-naproxen (63% ee), respectively. In turn, the employment of optimal conditions on a preparative-scale enabled us to obtain the (S)-enantiomers of: flurbiprofen in 28% yield and 97% ee, ibuprofen in 45% yield and 56% ee, (S)-ketoprofen in 23% yield and 69% ee, and naproxen in 42% yield and 57% ee, respectively. The devised method turned out to be inefficient toward racemic etodolac regardless of the lipase and alkoxy group donor used, proving that it is unsuitable for carboxylic acids possessing tertiary chiral centers.
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Maldonado MR, Alnoch RC, de Almeida JM, Santos LAD, Andretta AT, Ropaín RDPC, de Souza EM, Mitchell DA, Krieger N. Key mutation sites for improvement of the enantioselectivity of lipases through protein engineering. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Advances in Recombinant Lipases: Production, Engineering, Immobilization and Application in the Pharmaceutical Industry. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10091032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipases are one of the most used enzymes in the pharmaceutical industry due to their efficiency in organic syntheses, mainly in the production of enantiopure drugs. From an industrial viewpoint, the selection of an efficient expression system and host for recombinant lipase production is highly important. The most used hosts are Escherichia coli and Komagataella phaffii (previously known as Pichia pastoris) and less often reported Bacillus and Aspergillus strains. The use of efficient expression systems to overproduce homologous or heterologous lipases often require the use of strong promoters and the co-expression of chaperones. Protein engineering techniques, including rational design and directed evolution, are the most reported strategies for improving lipase characteristics. Additionally, lipases can be immobilized in different supports that enable improved properties and enzyme reuse. Here, we review approaches for strain and protein engineering, immobilization and the application of lipases in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Zhang P, Cheng Q, Zeng L, Xu W, Yuan X, Tang K. Enzymatic enantioselective hydrolysis of 2-phenylpropionic acid ester: Experiment and simulation. Chem Eng Res Des 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2019.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Zhang P, Cheng Q, Xu W, Tang K. Modeling and optimization of lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis for production of (S)-2-phenylbutyric acid enhanced by hydroxyethyl-β-cyclodextrin. Process Biochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Yuan X, Zhang P, Xu W, Tang K. Kinetic study on enantioselective resolution of (
R,S
)‐2‐phenylpropionic acid through Novozyme 435–catalyzed esterification. INT J CHEM KINET 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.21274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yuan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan Institute of Science and Technology Yueyang Hunan China
| | - Panliang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan Institute of Science and Technology Yueyang Hunan China
| | - Weifeng Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan Institute of Science and Technology Yueyang Hunan China
| | - Kewen Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan Institute of Science and Technology Yueyang Hunan China
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Guo ZP, Robin J, Duquesne S, O’Donohue MJ, Marty A, Bordes F. Developing cellulolytic Yarrowia lipolytica as a platform for the production of valuable products in consolidated bioprocessing of cellulose. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:141. [PMID: 29785208 PMCID: PMC5952637 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1144-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both industrial biotechnology and the use of cellulosic biomass as feedstock for the manufacture of various commercial goods are prominent features of the bioeconomy. In previous work, with the aim of developing a consolidated bioprocess for cellulose bioconversion, we conferred cellulolytic activity of Yarrowia lipolytica, one of the most widely studied "nonconventional" oleaginous yeast species. However, further engineering this strain often leads to the loss of previously introduced heterologous genes due to the presence of multiple LoxP sites when using Cre-recombinase to remove previously employed selection markers. RESULTS In the present study, we first optimized the strategy of expression of multiple cellulases and rescued selection makers to obtain an auxotrophic cellulolytic Y. lipolytica strain. Then we pursued the quest, exemplifying how this cellulolytic Y. lipolytica strain can be used as a CBP platform for the production of target products. Our results reveal that overexpression of SCD1 gene, encoding stearoyl-CoA desaturase, and DGA1, encoding acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase, confers the obese phenotype to the cellulolytic Y. lipolytica. When grown in batch conditions and minimal medium, the resulting strain consumed 12 g/L cellulose and accumulated 14% (dry cell weight) lipids. Further enhancement of lipid production was achieved either by the addition of glucose or by enhancing cellulose consumption using a commercial cellulase cocktail. Regarding the latter option, although the addition of external cellulases is contrary to the concept of CBP, the amount of commercial cocktail used remained 50% lower than that used in a conventional process (i.e., without internalized production of cellulases). The introduction of the LIP2 gene into cellulolytic Y. lipolytica led to the production of a strain capable of producing lipase 2 while growing on cellulose. Remarkably, when the strain was grown on glucose, the expression of six cellulases did not alter the level of lipase production. When grown in batch conditions on cellulose, the engineered strain consumed 16 g/L cellulose and produced 9.0 U/mL lipase over a 96-h period. The lipase yield was 562 U lipase/g cellulose, which represents 60% of that obtained on glucose. Finally, expression of the hydroxylase from Claviceps purpurea (CpFAH12) in cellulolytic Y. lipolytica procured a strain that can produce ricinoleic acid (RA). Using this strain in batch cultures revealed that the consumption of 11 g/L cellulose sustained the production of 2.2 g/L RA in the decane phase, 69% of what was obtained on glucose. CONCLUSIONS In summary, this study has further demonstrated the potential of cellulolytic Y. lipolytica as a microbial platform for the bioconversion of cellulose into target products. Its ability to be used in consolidated process designs has been exemplified and clues revealing how cellulose consumption can be further enhanced using commercial cellulolytic cocktails are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-peng Guo
- LISBP, CNRS, INSA/INRA UMR 792, Université de Toulouse, 135, Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Julien Robin
- LISBP, CNRS, INSA/INRA UMR 792, Université de Toulouse, 135, Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Sophie Duquesne
- LISBP, CNRS, INSA/INRA UMR 792, Université de Toulouse, 135, Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Michael Joseph O’Donohue
- LISBP, CNRS, INSA/INRA UMR 792, Université de Toulouse, 135, Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Alain Marty
- LISBP, CNRS, INSA/INRA UMR 792, Université de Toulouse, 135, Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Florence Bordes
- LISBP, CNRS, INSA/INRA UMR 792, Université de Toulouse, 135, Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
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Casas-Godoy L, Gasteazoro F, Duquesne S, Bordes F, Marty A, Sandoval G. Lipases: An Overview. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1835:3-38. [PMID: 30109644 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8672-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Lipases are ubiquitous enzymes, widespread in nature. They were first isolated from bacteria in the early nineteenth century, and the associated research continuously increased due to the characteristics of these enzymes. This chapter reviews the main sources, structural properties, and industrial applications of these highly studied enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Casas-Godoy
- Cátedras CONACYT-Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C. (CIATEJ), Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
| | - Francisco Gasteazoro
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C. (CIATEJ), Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Sophie Duquesne
- Université de Toulouse, INSA, UPS, INP; LISBP, Toulouse, France.,INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, Toulouse, France.,CNRS, UMR5504, Toulouse, France
| | - Florence Bordes
- Université de Toulouse, INSA, UPS, INP; LISBP, Toulouse, France.,INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, Toulouse, France.,CNRS, UMR5504, Toulouse, France
| | - Alain Marty
- Université de Toulouse, INSA, UPS, INP; LISBP, Toulouse, France.,INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, Toulouse, France.,CNRS, UMR5504, Toulouse, France
| | - Georgina Sandoval
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C. (CIATEJ), Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
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Toledo MV, Briand LE. Relevance and bio-catalytic strategies for the kinetic resolution of ketoprofen towards dexketoprofen. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2017; 38:778-800. [PMID: 29124963 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2017.1399249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This review presents the most relevant investigations concerning the biocatalytic kinetic resolution of racemic ketoprofen to dexketoprofen for the last 22 years. The advantages related to the administration of the dex-enantiomer in terms of human health, the so called "chiral switch" in the pharmaceutical industry and the sustainability of biotransformations have been the driving forces to develop innovative technology to obtain dexketoprofen. In particular, the kinetic resolution of racemic ketoprofen through enantiomeric esterification and hydrolysis using lipases as biocatalysts are thoroughly revised and commented upon. In this context, the biocatalysts, acyl-acceptors (alcohols), reaction conditions, conversion, enantiomeric excess, and enantiomeric ratio among others are discussed. Moreover, the investigations concerning scaling up processes in order to obtain an optically pure enantiomer of the profen are presented. Finally, some guidelines about perspectives of the technology and research opportunities are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Victoria Toledo
- a Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas-Dr. Jorge J. Ronco (CINDECA) , Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET , La Plata , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Laura Estefanía Briand
- a Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas-Dr. Jorge J. Ronco (CINDECA) , Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET , La Plata , Buenos Aires , Argentina
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Albarrán-Velo J, González-Martínez D, Gotor-Fernández V. Stereoselective biocatalysis: A mature technology for the asymmetric synthesis of pharmaceutical building blocks. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2017.1340457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Albarrán-Velo
- Organic and Inorganic Chemistry Department, Biotechnology Institute of Asturias (IUBA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Daniel González-Martínez
- Organic and Inorganic Chemistry Department, Biotechnology Institute of Asturias (IUBA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Vicente Gotor-Fernández
- Organic and Inorganic Chemistry Department, Biotechnology Institute of Asturias (IUBA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
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