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Bautista DD, Reyes MAV, González EAB, Bugarin A. Synthetic Approaches to α-, β-, γ-, and δ-lycoranes. European J Org Chem 2023; 26:e202300404. [PMID: 37927304 PMCID: PMC10624333 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202300404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Lycorane is a pentacyclic core presented in alkaloids isolated from the Amaryllidaceae family of herbaceous flowering plants. Members of this class of natural products have shown to display important biological properties including analgesic, antiviral, and antiproliferative activities. This review presents the known synthetic routes toward α-, β-, γ-, and δ-lycoranes. α-(19 routes), β-(10 routes), γ-(38 routes), and δ-(6 routes).
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Díaz Bautista
- Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Division Académica de Ciencias Básicas, carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa Km. 0.5, Cunduacán Tabasco 86690, México
| | - Miguel A Vilchis Reyes
- Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Division Académica de Ciencias Básicas, carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa Km. 0.5, Cunduacán Tabasco 86690, México
| | - Ever A Blé González
- Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Division Académica de Ciencias Básicas, carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa Km. 0.5, Cunduacán Tabasco 86690, México
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Florida Gulf Coast University, 10501 FGCU Boulevard South, Fort Myers, FL, 33965
| | - Alejandro Bugarin
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Florida Gulf Coast University, 10501 FGCU Boulevard South, Fort Myers, FL, 33965
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2
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Xiao J, Zhou GH, Zhou AX, Ji CB. Progress towards the Total Syntheses of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids γ-Lycorane. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200410. [PMID: 35833868 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
γ-Lycorane, a degradation product of the Aromaticaceae alkaloid lycorine, is one of the most attractive molecules in the Aromaticaceae family. It remains a popular target for synthesis due to its pentacyclic structure, which presents a vehicle for demonstrating the utility of new synthetic strategies. Various synthetic methods have been developed by synthetic chemists since the first synthesis of γ-lycorane by Nasuo in 1966. Thus, this review presents an overview of the literature on the ways utilized within the synthesis of γ-lycorane in racemic and enantiopure forms via electrophilic arylation, Pd-catalyzed C-C coupling, Bischler-Napieralski cyclization, Pictet-Spengler cyclization, photocyclization, radical cyclization, chiral pool synthesis, chiral auxiliary-mediated synthesis, and catalytic asymmetric synthesis, ranging from 1966 to 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiao
- Shangrao Normal University, School of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, No. 401, Zhimin Road, Shangrao city, CHINA
| | - Guang-Hua Zhou
- NanChang Normal University, School of Chemistry and Food Science, No. 889 Ruixiang Road, Nanchang, CHINA
| | - An-Xi Zhou
- Shangrao Normal University, School of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, No. 401, Zhimin Road, Shangrao city, CHINA
| | - Cong-Bin Ji
- Shangrao Normal University, Chemistry, Zhimin road 401, Shangrao city, Jiangxi province, People's Republic of Chin, 334001, Shangrao, CHINA
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3
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A flexible enantioselective approach to 2,5-disubstituted cis-decahydroquinolines. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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4
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Ho GM, Li YJ. Tandem [1,2]-Wittig Rearrangement/Lactonization of γ-Benzyloxy Vinylogous Urethanes: Application to the Synthetic Studies of Maculalactone A, Planchol C and γ-Lycorane. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201700589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Ming Ho
- Department of Applied Chemistry; National Chiayi University; 300 Syuefu Road Chiayi City 60004 Taiwan
- Genomics Research Center; Academia Sinica; 128 Academia Road, Section 2 Taipei 11529 Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jang Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry; National Chiayi University; 300 Syuefu Road Chiayi City 60004 Taiwan
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5
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Chen YJ, Cai SL, Wang CC, Cheng JD, Kramer S, Sun XW. Asymmetric Total Syntheses of (-)-α-Lycorane, (-)-Zephyranthine, and Formal Synthesis of (+)-Clivonine. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:1309-1313. [PMID: 28474489 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201700555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
An asymmetric route to (-)-α-lycorane and (-)-zephyranthine, and a formal total synthesis of (+)-clivonine were achieved. A pivotal intermediate, which serves as a potent precursor for the divergent syntheses of these natural products, was accessed by a diastereoselective Pd-catalyzed cinnamylation of an N-tert-butanesulfinyl imine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jian Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Sen-Lin Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Chuan-Chuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jin-Duo Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Søren Kramer
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Xing-Wen Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
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6
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Monaco A, Szulc BR, Rao ZX, Barniol-Xicota M, Sehailia M, Borges BMA, Hilton ST. Short Total Synthesis of (±)-γ-Lycorane by a Sequential Intramolecular Acylal Cyclisation (IAC) and Intramolecular Heck Addition Reaction. Chemistry 2017; 23:4750-4755. [PMID: 28217842 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
An intramolecular acylal cyclisation (IAC) approach to the synthesis of a range of bicyclic heterocycles is reported. As an example of the utility of the IAC reaction, the methodology was applied in a protecting-group-free five-step total synthesis of (±)-γ-lycorane, incorporating a new intramolecular Heck addition reaction to generate the pentacyclic core structure of the natural product in good yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Monaco
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Blanka R Szulc
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Zenobia X Rao
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Marta Barniol-Xicota
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia, Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Moussa Sehailia
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Bruno M A Borges
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Stephen T Hilton
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
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7
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8
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Stereoselective reactions of nitro compounds in the synthesis of natural compound analogs and active pharmaceutical ingredients. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.07.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Nishimura K, Fukuyama N, Yasuhara T, Yamashita M, Sumiyoshi T, Yamamoto Y, Yamada KI, Tomioka K. A short synthesis of (+)-β-lycorane by asymmetric conjugate addition cascade. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-ichi Yamada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Tomioka
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts; Kyoto Japan
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11
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Sun Z, Zhou M, Li X, Meng X, Peng F, Zhang H, Shao Z. Catalytic asymmetric assembly of octahydroindolones: divergent synthesis of lycorine-type amaryllidaceae alkaloids (+)-α-lycorane and (+)-lycorine. Chemistry 2014; 20:6112-9. [PMID: 24700723 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201400178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We report the first catalytic asymmetric approach to octahydroindolones and a divergent enantioselective synthesis of perhydroindole alkaloids, as exemplified by lycorine-type Amaryllidaceae alkaloids (+)-α-lycorane and (+)-lycorine, from a common intermediate by using a highly concise route. The assembly of octahydroindolones employs a catalytic enantioselective 1,4-conjugate addition of nitro dienynes, followed by a TsOH-catalyzed cascade synthesis of highly functionalized enones, and a diastereoselective intramolecular Michael addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 871-65035538
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12
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Quintavalla A, Lombardo M, Sanap SP, Trombini C. A New Henry/Michael/Retro-Henry/Henry Domino Sequence Promoted by Bifunctional Organocatalysts. Adv Synth Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201201135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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13
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Dai Q, Arman H, Zhao JCG. One-pot sequential organocatalysis: highly stereoselective synthesis of trisubstituted cyclohexanols. Chemistry 2012; 19:1666-71. [PMID: 23238781 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A highly diastereoselective (d.r. >99:1) and enantioselective (ee value up to 96%) synthesis of trisubstituted cyclohexanols was achieved by using a one-pot sequential organocatalysis that involved a quinidine thiourea-catalyzed tandem Henry-Michael reaction between nitromethane and 7-oxo-hept-5-en-1-als followed by a tetramethyl guanidine (TMG)-catalyzed tandem retro-Henry-Henry reaction on the reaction products of the tandem Henry-Michael reaction. Through a mechanistic study, it has also been demonstrated that similar results may also be achieved with this one-pot sequential organocatalysis by using the racemic Henry product as the substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qipu Dai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
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14
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Huntley RJ, Funk RL. Total synthesis of (±)-γ-lycorane via the electrocyclic ring closure of a divinylpyrroline. Tetrahedron Lett 2011; 52:6671-6674. [PMID: 22081730 PMCID: PMC3212046 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.09.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A concise total synthesis of (±)-γ-lycorane is described. The key step in the synthesis is the 6π-electrocyclic ring closure of a divinylpyrroline to give a tetrahydroindole, which is subsequently hydrogenated to give the all-cis indolizidine core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond J. Huntley
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvaia, 16802, USA
| | - Raymond L. Funk
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvaia, 16802, USA
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15
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Muraoka O, Yasuhara T, Zaima N, Yamazaki M. First Total Synthesis of Crispine B by Nitro Aldol and the Bischler-Napieralski Reaction. HETEROCYCLES 2009. [DOI: 10.3987/com-08-s(f)104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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16
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El Bialy SAA. Efficient synthesis of (−)-γ-lycorane alkaloid by two Bu3SnH-mediated radical cyclisations. Nat Prod Res 2008; 22:1176-88. [DOI: 10.1080/14786410701838205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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17
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Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis With Novel Monodentate Phosphorus Ligands. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-6793-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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18
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García Ruano JL, Alemán J, Alonso I, Parra A, Marcos V, Aguirre J. π–π Stacking versus Steric Effects in Stereoselectivity Control: Highly Diastereoselective Synthesis ofsyn-1,2-Diarylpropylamines. Chemistry 2007; 13:6179-95. [PMID: 17479999 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200601893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
N-Arylarylideneamines react with sulfinylbenzyl carbanions derived from 2-(p-tolylsulfinyl)toluenes (S)-1 and (S)-2, affording epimeric mixtures at C1 of 1,2-diarylethyl- and 1,2-diarylpropylamine derivatives. The sulfinyl group completely controls the configuration at C2 in the reactions of (S)-2. The configuration at C1 depends on the electron density of the ring adjacent to the iminic carbon atom which is modulated by pi-pi stacking interactions with the ring joined to the carbanionic centre. The stereoselectivity was controlled by modifying the acceptor character of the arylideneamine ring with appropriate substituents, the formation of the highly selective (R) configuration at C1 being made possible by electron-donating groups. N-(2,4,6-Trimethoxyphenyl)arylideneamines have been shown to be suitable starting materials for the preparation of (R)-1,2-diarylethyl- and (1R,2S)-1,2-diarylpropylamines (syn epimers) in a highly stereoselective manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L García Ruano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica (C-I), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049-Madrid, Spain.
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19
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Chapsal BD, Ojima I. Total synthesis of enantiopure (+)-gamma-lycorane using highly efficient Pd-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation. Org Lett 2006; 8:1395-8. [PMID: 16562900 PMCID: PMC2562274 DOI: 10.1021/ol060181v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] A highly efficient short total synthesis of (+)-gamma-lycorane (>99% ee, 41% overall yield) was achieved by using the asymmetric allylic alkylation in the key step catalyzed by palladium complexes with novel chiral biphenol-based monodentate phosphoramidite ligands.
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20
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Dong L, Xu YJ, Yuan WC, Cui X, Cun LF, Gong LZ. Rhodium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Nitroallylation of Arylmetallics with Cyclic Nitroallyl Acetates and Applications in Organic Synthesis. European J Org Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200600275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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21
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Catalytic asymmetric transformations with fine-tunable biphenol-based monodentate ligands. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2005.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Enantioselective tandem Michael reaction to nitroalkene catalyzed by bifunctional thiourea: total synthesis of (−)-epibatidine. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.08.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Ballini R, Bosica G, Fiorini D, Palmieri A, Petrini M. Conjugate additions of nitroalkanes to electron-poor alkenes: recent results. Chem Rev 2005; 105:933-71. [PMID: 15755081 DOI: 10.1021/cr040602r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 410] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Ballini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Camerino, via S. Agostino, 1, I-62032 Camerino, Italy.
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Hoashi Y, Yabuta T, Takemoto Y. Bifunctional thiourea-catalyzed enantioselective double Michael reaction of γ,δ-unsaturated β-ketoester to nitroalkene: asymmetric synthesis of (−)-epibatidine. Tetrahedron Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.10.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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25
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Yasuhara T, Nishimura K, Osafune E, Muraoka O, Tomioka K. Synthesis of Nitrogen-Functionalized Cyclohexanes Using Chemoselective Conjugate Addition of Phenyllithium to Linear .OMEGA.-Nitro-.ALPHA.,.BETA.,.PSI.,.OMEGA.-Unsaturated Ester and Subsequent Stereoselective Intramolecular Nitro-Michael Cyclization. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2004; 52:1109-13. [PMID: 15340199 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.52.1109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen-functionalized cyclohexane derivatives with three contiguous chiral centers were synthesized by nitroalkene-selective conjugate addition of phenyllithium to a omega-nitro-alpha,beta,psi,omega-unsaturated ester and subsequent stereocontrolled intramolecular nitro-Michael cyclization with cesium fluoride and a quaternary ammonium bromide. The cyclohexanes were applicable to the total synthesis of alpha-, beta- and gamma-lycoranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohisa Yasuhara
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kinki University, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
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