1
|
Ghosh M, Sahu S, Saha S, Maji MS. Construction of C2-indolyl-quaternary centers by branch-selective allylation: enabling concise total synthesis of the (±)-mersicarpine alkaloid. Chem Sci 2024; 15:1789-1795. [PMID: 38303951 PMCID: PMC10829033 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04732f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Herein we report a branch-selective allylation strategy for accessing C2-indolyl-all-carbon quaternary centers using allylboronic acids. This approach boasts broad functional group tolerance, scalability, and relies on easily accessible allyl alcohol precursors. Importantly, the C3-position of the indole remains free, offering a handle for further synthetic refinement. Mechanistic pathways, corroborated by density functional theory (DFT), suggest the involvement of an indolenine intermediate and a Zimmerman-Traxler-like transition state during allylboration. Demonstrating its efficacy, the method was applied to the total synthesis of the (±)-mersicarpine alkaloid and enabled formal synthesis of additional alkaloids, such as (±)-scholarisine G, (±)-melodinine E, and (±)-leuconoxine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minakshi Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur 721302 WB India
| | - Samrat Sahu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur 721302 WB India
| | - Shuvendu Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur 721302 WB India
| | - Modhu Sudan Maji
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur 721302 WB India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu L, Zhang Y, Zhao W, Li J. Electron Donor-Acceptor Complex Induced Fused Indoles with Hypervalent Iodine(III) Reagents. Org Lett 2023; 25:6251-6255. [PMID: 37607047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
An operationally simple and efficient method for the cyclization of tertiary amines and hypervalent iodine reagents enabled by an EDA complex has been developed. A series of [1,2-α]indoles derivatives were obtained in good yields, including some key intermediates for the synthesis of biologically active molecules. In addition, this established strategy features a broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Analysis and Testing Center, NERC Biomass of Changzhou University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Yage Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Analysis and Testing Center, NERC Biomass of Changzhou University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Wenyan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Analysis and Testing Center, NERC Biomass of Changzhou University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Jian Li
- School of Pharmacy, Analysis and Testing Center, NERC Biomass of Changzhou University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hornink MM, Rodrigues BG, Santos CS, Andrade LH. Continuous one-pot synthesis of new spiro-fused indoles from biobased building blocks using carbamoylation and imidation reactions under ultrasonic irradiation. J Flow Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s41981-023-00261-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
|
4
|
Xiao J, Zhou G, Ji C. Syntheses of Mersicarpine, a Monoterpenoid Indole Alkaloid with an Atypical Tetracyclic Structure. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences Shangrao Normal University No. 401 Zhimin Road Shangrao Jiangxi 334001 People's Republic of China
| | - Guang‐Hua Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Food Science Nanchang Normal University No. 889 Ruixiang Road Nanchang Jiangxi 330032 People's Republic of China
| | - Cong‐Bin Ji
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences Shangrao Normal University No. 401 Zhimin Road Shangrao Jiangxi 334001 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Frahm M, Voss A, Brasholz M. A short total synthesis of (±)-mersicarpine via visible light-induced cascade photooxygenation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:5467-5469. [PMID: 35416221 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01316a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A short total synthesis of the Kopsia alkaloid (±)-mersicarpine is presented. As the key step, a visible light-induced catalytic cascade photooxygenation was utilized, to convert a 3,3-disubstituted tetrahydrocarbazole intermediate, in one step, into a perhydropyrido[1,2-a]indole dione as the immediate precursor to the natural product. The synthesis of mersicarpine was achieved with an overall yield of 12% over 13 steps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Frahm
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Alice Voss
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Malte Brasholz
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany. .,Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Peng WL, Jhang YJ, Chang CY, Peng PK, Zhao WT, Wu YK. Total synthesis of (±)-mersicarpine following a 6- exo-trig radical cyclization. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:6193-6195. [PMID: 35467680 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00620k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Described is a total synthesis of racemic mersicarpine from diethyl 4-oxopimelate. The synthetic route takes advantage of a 2-indolyl radical cyclization to construct the pyrido[1,2-a]indole scaffold bearing the all-carbon quaternary stereocenter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ling Peng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
| | - Yin-Jia Jhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
| | - Chieh-Yu Chang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Kai Peng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Ting Zhao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Ku Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tyminski KS, Stewart SC, Nagorski RW. Carbinol Derivatives of
N
‐(α‐Hydroxybenzyl)benzamide: Acid and Base‐Dependent Kinetics in Water and the Mechanistic Implications for Carbinolamide Reactivity. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kurt S. Tyminski
- Department of Chemistry Illinois State University Box 4160 Normal IL USA 61790-4160
| | - Sarah C. Stewart
- Department of Chemistry Illinois State University Box 4160 Normal IL USA 61790-4160
| | - Richard W. Nagorski
- Department of Chemistry Illinois State University Box 4160 Normal IL USA 61790-4160
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Heravi MM, Amiri Z, Kafshdarzadeh K, Zadsirjan V. Synthesis of indole derivatives as prevalent moieties present in selected alkaloids. RSC Adv 2021; 11:33540-33612. [PMID: 35497516 PMCID: PMC9042329 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05972f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Indoles are a significant heterocyclic system in natural products and drugs. They are important types of molecules and natural products and play a main role in cell biology. The application of indole derivatives as biologically active compounds for the treatment of cancer cells, microbes, and different types of disorders in the human body has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Indoles, both natural and synthetic, show various biologically vital properties. Owing to the importance of this significant ring system, the investigation of novel methods of synthesis have attracted the attention of the chemical community. In this review, we aim to highlight the construction of indoles as a moiety in selected alkaloids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Majid M Heravi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra University Vanak Tehran Iran +98 2188041344 +98 9121329147
| | - Zahra Amiri
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra University Vanak Tehran Iran +98 2188041344 +98 9121329147
| | - Kosar Kafshdarzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra University Vanak Tehran Iran +98 2188041344 +98 9121329147
| | - Vahideh Zadsirjan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra University Vanak Tehran Iran +98 2188041344 +98 9121329147
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dhote PS, Patel P, Vanka K, Ramana CV. Total synthesis of the pseudoindoxyl class of natural products. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:7970-7994. [PMID: 34486008 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01285a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The pseudoindoxyl sub-structural motif, amongst the large set of the indole class of alkaloids, represents a unique subset of the oxygenated indole class of the alkaloid family. A majority of this class of natural products contains complex bridged/polycyclic scaffolds with interesting biological profiles. They are thus attractive synthetic targets. Starting from 1963, twenty-eight natural products having the pseudoindoxyl scaffold have been isolated, among which the synthesis of 13 natural products has been accomplished. In this review, we highlight the completed as well as the formal total synthesis of the natural products with a spiro-pseudoindoxyl ring, with a focus on their development. The challenges and the future perspective based on the recent developments in the field will also be discussed. We strongly believe that this review will not only update but also attract the attention of researchers in dealing with the synthesis of pseudoindoxyl compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pawan S Dhote
- Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Pitambar Patel
- CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Assam-785006, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Kumar Vanka
- Physical Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Chepuri V Ramana
- Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Shiobara T, Nagumo Y, Nakajima R, Fukuyama T, Yokoshima S, Usui T. A novel translation inhibitor, mersicarpine, inhibits S-phase progression and induces apoptosis in HL60 cells. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:92-96. [PMID: 33577668 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbaa070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Mersicarpine is an aspidosperma alkaloid isolated from the Kopsia genus of plants. Its intriguing structural features have attracted much attention in synthetic organic chemistry, but no biological activity has been reported. Here, we report the effects of mersicarpine on human leukemia cell line HL60. At concentrations above 30 µm, mersicarpine reversibly arrested cell cycle progression in S-phase. At higher concentrations, it induced not only production of reactive oxygen species, but also apoptosis. Macromolecular synthesis assay revealed that mersicarpine specifically inhibits protein synthesis. These results suggest that mersicarpine is a novel translation inhibitor that induces apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Shiobara
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yoko Nagumo
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Rie Nakajima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tohru Fukuyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yokoshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takeo Usui
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability (MiCS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mohammadkhani L, Heravi MM. Applications of Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Substitution in Total Synthesis of Natural Products: An Update. CHEM REC 2020; 21:29-68. [PMID: 33206466 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202000086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Metal-catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution (AAS) reaction is one of the most synthetically useful reactions catalyzed by metal complexes for the formation of carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds. It comprises the substitution of allylic substrates with a wide range of nucleophiles or SN 2'-type allylic substitution, which results in the formation of the above-mentioned bonds with high levels of enantioselective induction. AAS reaction tolerates a broad range of functional groups, thus has been successfully applied in the asymmetric synthesis of a wide range of optically pure compounds. This reaction has been extensively used in the total synthesis of several complex molecules, especially natural products. In this review, we try to highlight the applications of metal (Pd, Ir, Mo, or Cu)-catalyzed AAS reaction in the total synthesis of the biologically active natural products, as a key step, updating the subject from 2003 till date.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leyla Mohammadkhani
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Alzahra University Vanak, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid M Heravi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Alzahra University Vanak, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fernandes RA, Kumar P, Choudhary P. Evolution of Strategies in Protecting‐Group‐Free Synthesis of Natural Products: A Recent Update. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rodney A. Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay 400076 Mumbai, Powai Maharashtra India
| | - Praveen Kumar
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay 400076 Mumbai, Powai Maharashtra India
| | - Priyanka Choudhary
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay 400076 Mumbai, Powai Maharashtra India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Han FS, Tan DX. Synthetic Studies towards the Total Synthesis of Indole Alkaloids Containing Indolyl Lactam Frameworks. Synlett 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1706480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIn this account, recent progress on the synthetic studies of several monoterpene indole alkaloids, (±)-mersicarpine, misassigned (±)-tronoharine, and (±)-leuconodines D and E, is summarized. Specifically, the rationale for the design and development of the Lewis acid catalyzed SN1-type substitution and formal [3+3] cycloaddition reaction of indol-2-yl carbinols, and the Pd-catalyzed aerobic oxidative intramolecular Heck cross-coupling of indolyl amides tethered with a terminal olefin functionality, are emphasized. These key reactions set the basis for the rapid construction of the fused ring skeleton containing an all-carbon quaternary center at the indol-2-yl position.1 Introduction2 Synthetic Study of (±)-Mersicarpine3 Synthetic Study of the Misassigned (±)-Tronoharine4 Study of the Asymmetric Reaction of Indol-2-yl Carbinols5 Synthetic Study of (±)-Leuconodines D and E6 Conclusion
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fu-She Han
- CAS Key Lab of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and its Composite Materials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- University of Science and Technology of China
| | - Dong-Xing Tan
- CAS Key Lab of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and its Composite Materials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- University of Science and Technology of China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Fernandes RA, Kumar P, Choudhary P. Advances in catalytic and protecting-group-free total synthesis of natural products: a recent update. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:8569-8590. [PMID: 32537619 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc02659j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic processes in protecting-group-free syntheses of natural products are fast emerging towards achieving the goal of efficiency and economy in total synthesis. Present day sustainable development in synthesis of natural products does not permit the luxury of using stoichiometric reagents and protecting groups. Catalysis and step-economy can contribute significantly toward economy and efficiency of synthesis. This feature article details the ingenious efforts by many researchers in the last couple of years toward concise total syntheses, based on catalytic steps and protecting-group-free-strategies. These would again serve as guidelines in future development of reagents and catalysts aimed at achieving higher efficiency and chemoselectivity to the point that catalysis and protecting-group-free synthesis will be an accepted common practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodney A Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, Maharashtra, India.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Dagoneau D, Kolleth A, Quinodoz P, Tanriver G, Catak S, Lumbroso A, Sulzer‐Mossé S, De Mesmaeker A. Keteniminium Salts as Key Intermediates for the Efficient Synthesis of 3‐Amino‐Indoles and ‐Benzofurans. Helv Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201900217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Dagoneau
- Syngenta Crop Protection AGCrop Protection ResearchResearch Chemistry Schaffhauserstrasse 101 CH-4332 Stein Switzerland
| | - Amandine Kolleth
- Syngenta Crop Protection AGCrop Protection ResearchResearch Chemistry Schaffhauserstrasse 101 CH-4332 Stein Switzerland
| | - Pierre Quinodoz
- Syngenta Crop Protection AGCrop Protection ResearchResearch Chemistry Schaffhauserstrasse 101 CH-4332 Stein Switzerland
| | - Gamze Tanriver
- Bogazici UniversityDepartment of Chemistry Bebek 34342 Istanbul Turkey
| | - Saron Catak
- Bogazici UniversityDepartment of Chemistry Bebek 34342 Istanbul Turkey
| | - Alexandre Lumbroso
- Syngenta Crop Protection AGCrop Protection ResearchResearch Chemistry Schaffhauserstrasse 101 CH-4332 Stein Switzerland
| | - Sarah Sulzer‐Mossé
- Syngenta Crop Protection AGCrop Protection ResearchResearch Chemistry Schaffhauserstrasse 101 CH-4332 Stein Switzerland
| | - Alain De Mesmaeker
- Syngenta Crop Protection AGCrop Protection ResearchResearch Chemistry Schaffhauserstrasse 101 CH-4332 Stein Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hu J, Mao X, Zhang L, Jin N, Yin S, Peng T, Shi J. Indole Alkaloids from the Aerial Parts of Kopsia fruticosa. Chem Nat Compd 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-019-02725-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
17
|
Pritchett BP, Stoltz BM. Enantioselective palladium-catalyzed allylic alkylation reactions in the synthesis of Aspidosperma and structurally related monoterpene indole alkaloids. Nat Prod Rep 2019; 35:559-574. [PMID: 29658039 DOI: 10.1039/c7np00069c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to the end of 2017 Enantioselective Pd-catalyzed allylic alkylations of prochiral enolates represent a powerful tool for the construction of all-carbon quaternary stereocenters. This review describes the emergence of such reactions as strategic linchpins that enable efficient, stereocontrolled syntheses of Aspidosperma and related monoterpene indole alkaloids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beau P Pritchett
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, MC 101-20, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang JF, Wang Y, Wang HL, Xu CB, Wang HT. Methyl chanofruticosinate type alkaloids from the aerial parts of Kopsia lancibracteolata Merr. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2019; 21:227-233. [PMID: 29295627 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2017.1418860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A chemical investigation on the 70% ethanol extract from the leaves and stems of Kopsia lancibracteolata Merr. resulted in the isolation of three new methyl chanofruticosinate type alkaloids, 12-hydroxyl prunifoline A (1), 12-hydroxyl prunifoline C (2), and N(4)-oxide prunifoline D (3). Structural elucidation of all the compounds was performed by spectral methods such as 1D- and 2D-NMR, IR, UV, and HR-ESI-MS. The isolated alkaloids were tested in vitro for cytotoxic potential against five tumor cell lines (BGC-823, HepG2, MCF-7, SGC-7901, and SK-MEL-2). As a result, alkaloid 3 exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against all tested tumor cell lines with IC50 values from 7.2 to 8.9 μM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Feng Wang
- a Department of Dermatology , Second Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun 130041 , China
| | - Ying Wang
- b Department of Gastroenterology , The First Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun 130041 , China
| | - Hong-Liang Wang
- c School of Pharmacy , Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Cheng-Bi Xu
- d Department of E.N.T ., Second Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun 130041 , China
| | - Hai-Tao Wang
- d Department of E.N.T ., Second Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun 130041 , China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu Y, Wang H. Unified enantioselective total syntheses of (−)-scholarisine G, (+)-melodinine E, (−)-leuconoxine and (−)-mersicarpine. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:3544-3547. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc09949a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A unified strategy enabled the enantioselective syntheses of (−)-scholarisine G, (+)-melodinine E, (−)-leuconoxine and (−)-mersicarpine from a common 2-alkylated indole bearing an all-carbon quaternary stereogenic center.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Honggen Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Heravi MM, Zadsirjan V, Saedi P, Momeni T. Applications of Friedel-Crafts reactions in total synthesis of natural products. RSC Adv 2018; 8:40061-40163. [PMID: 35558228 PMCID: PMC9091380 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra07325b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the years, Friedel-Crafts (FC) reactions have been acknowledged as the most useful and powerful synthetic tools for the construction of a special kind of carbon-carbon bond involving an aromatic moiety. Its stoichiometric and, more recently, its catalytic procedures have extensively been studied. This reaction in recent years has frequently been used as a key step (steps) in the total synthesis of natural products and targeted complex bioactive molecules. In this review, we try to underscore the applications of intermolecular and intramolecular FC reactions in the total syntheses of natural products and complex molecules, exhibiting diverse biological properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Majid M Heravi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Alzahra University Vanak Tehran Iran +98 2188041344 +98 9121329147
| | - Vahideh Zadsirjan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Alzahra University Vanak Tehran Iran +98 2188041344 +98 9121329147
| | - Pegah Saedi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Alzahra University Vanak Tehran Iran +98 2188041344 +98 9121329147
| | - Tayebeh Momeni
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Alzahra University Vanak Tehran Iran +98 2188041344 +98 9121329147
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chi WQ, Jiang YH, Hu J, Pan J. Cytotoxic and antibacterial aspidofractinine alkaloids from Kopsia hainanensis. Fitoterapia 2018; 130:259-264. [PMID: 30243778 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The ethanol extract of the twigs and leaves of Kopsia hainanensis afforded six new aspidofractinine alkaloids, kopsiahainanins A-F (1-6), among which alkaloids 1 and 2 possessed a lactone bridge with novel regiochemistry. The structures of the isolated compounds were established based on 1D and 2D (1H1H COSY, HMQC, and HMBC) NMR spectroscopy, in addition to high resolution mass spectrometry. The isolated compounds were tested in vitro for cytotoxic activity against seven tumor cell lines and antibacterial activities against two Gram-positive bacteria and five Gram-negative bacteria. As a result, alkaloids 1 and 2 exhibited cytotoxic activities (IC50 values <20 μM) against all tested tumor cell lines and significant antibacterial properties (MIC values from 0.12 to 0.26 mM).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Qun Chi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 37 Yiyuan Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Yue-Hong Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 37 Yiyuan Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Jiang Hu
- Institute of Characteristic Medicinal Resource of Ethnic Minorities, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Jing Pan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 37 Yiyuan Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Indole alkaloids from the aerial parts of Kopsia fruticosa and their cytotoxic, antimicrobial and antifungal activities. Fitoterapia 2018; 129:145-149. [PMID: 29935259 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A chemical investigation on the 80% EtOH extract of the aerial parts of Kopsia fruticosa led to five new indole alkaloids, kopsifolines G-K (1-5), and one known alkaloid, kopsifoline A (6). Structural elucidation of all the compounds were performed by spectral methods such as 1D and 2D (1H-1H COSY, HMQC, and HMBC) NMR spectroscopy, in addition to high resolution mass spectrometry. The isolated components were evaluated in vitro for cytotoxic activities against seven tumor cell lines, antimicrobial activities against two Gram-positive bacteria and five Gram-negative bacteria, and antifungal activities against five pathogens. As a result, alkaloids 3-5 exhibited some cytotoxicity against all of seven tested tumor cell lines (HS-1, HS-4, SCL-1, A431, BGC-823, MCF-7, and W480) with IC50 values of 11.8-13.8, 10.3-12.5, and 7.3-9.5 μM, respectively. Alkaloids 3-5 also possessed significant antimicrobial and antifungal activities which was reported for the first time for the alkaloids isolated from Kopsia genus.
Collapse
|
23
|
Pflästerer D, Rudolph M, Hashmi ASK. Gold-Catalyzed Hydrofunctionalizations and Spiroketalizations of Alkynes as Key Steps in Total Synthesis. Isr J Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201700056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pflästerer
- Heidelberg University; Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Matthias Rudolph
- Heidelberg University; Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - A. Stephen K. Hashmi
- Heidelberg University; Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Quan M, Wu L, Yang G, Zhang W. Pd(ii), Ni(ii) and Co(ii)-catalyzed enantioselective additions of organoboron reagents to ketimines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:10394-10404. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc04932g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This feature article highlights the development of Pd(ii), Ni(ii), and Co(ii)-catalyzed asymmetric additions of organoboron reagents to ketimines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mao Quan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Liang Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Guoqiang Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Wanbin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhang Y, Xue Y, Luo T. An unexpected aziridination/rearrangement/oxidation tandem reaction leading to the total synthesis of (−)-mersicarpine. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
26
|
Wang Y, Hang L, Jiao L, Liu H, Li F. Cytotoxic aspidofractinine alkaloids from Kopsia hainanensis. Fitoterapia 2017; 121:53-57. [PMID: 28663081 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Five new aspidofractinine-type alkaloids, kopsiahainins A-E (1-5), were isolated from a 80% EtOH extract of the leaves and stems of Kopsia hainanensis. Structural elucidation of all the compounds were performed by spectral methods such as 1D- and 2D-NMR, IR, UV, and HR-ESI-MS. Alkaloids 3 and 4 exhibited some cytotoxic activity against all of six tested tumor cell lines (BGC-823, HepG2, MCF-7, SGC-7901, SK-MEL-2, and SK-OV-3) with IC50 values of 7.3-9.5μM and 9.2-10.6μM, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Lei Hang
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Li Jiao
- Department of Physiology, Bethune Military Medical Academy, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Field First Aid, Bethune Military Medical Academy, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Endocrine Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Pfaffenbach M, Gaich T. The Rhazinilam-Leuconoxine-Mersicarpine Triad of Monoterpenoid Indole Alkaloids. THE ALKALOIDS: CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2017; 77:1-84. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
28
|
Heravi M, Rohani S, Zadsirjan V, Zahedi N. Fischer indole synthesis applied to the total synthesis of natural products. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra10716a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we are trying to underscore the application of FIS in one of the crucial step of indole construction in the total synthesis of biologically active natural products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Majid M. Heravi
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- Alzahra University
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Sahar Rohani
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- Alzahra University
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Vahideh Zadsirjan
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- Alzahra University
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Nazli Zahedi
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- Alzahra University
- Tehran
- Iran
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Pace WH, Mo D, Reidl TW, Wink DJ, Anderson LL. Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Dihydropyrido[1,2‐
a
]indoles from Nitrones and Allenoates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201602568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wiktoria H. Pace
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 West Taylor Street Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - Dong‐Liang Mo
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 West Taylor Street Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - Tyler W. Reidl
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 West Taylor Street Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - Donald J. Wink
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 West Taylor Street Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - Laura L. Anderson
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 West Taylor Street Chicago IL 60607 USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Pace WH, Mo D, Reidl TW, Wink DJ, Anderson LL. Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Dihydropyrido[1,2‐
a
]indoles from Nitrones and Allenoates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:9183-6. [PMID: 27346675 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201602568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wiktoria H. Pace
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 West Taylor Street Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - Dong‐Liang Mo
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 West Taylor Street Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - Tyler W. Reidl
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 West Taylor Street Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - Donald J. Wink
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 West Taylor Street Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - Laura L. Anderson
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 West Taylor Street Chicago IL 60607 USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wong SP, Chong KW, Lim KH, Lim SH, Low YY, Kam TS. Arborisidine and Arbornamine, Two Monoterpenoid Indole Alkaloids with New Polycyclic Carbon-Nitrogen Skeletons Derived from a Common Pericine Precursor. Org Lett 2016; 18:1618-21. [PMID: 27033525 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Two new monoterpene indole alkaloids, characterized by previously unencountered natural product skeletons, viz., arborisidine (1), incorporating indolizidine and cyclohexanone moieties fused to an indole unit, and arbornamine (2), incorporating an unprecedented 6/5/6/5/6 "arbornane" skeleton (distinct from the eburnan or tacaman skeleton), were isolated from a Malayan Kopsia arborea. The structures of the alkaloids were determined based on analysis of the NMR and MS data. Possible biogenetic pathways to these alkaloids from a common pericine precursor (3) are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suet-Pick Wong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya , 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kam-Weng Chong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya , 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kuan-Hon Lim
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus , Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siew-Huah Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya , 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yun-Yee Low
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya , 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Toh-Seok Kam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya , 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Pfaffenbach M, Gaich T. The Diaza[5.5.6.6]fenestrane Skeleton-Synthesis of Leuconoxine Alkaloids. Chemistry 2015; 22:3600-10. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Pfaffenbach
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Leibniz University of Hannover; Schneiderberg 1b 30167 Hannover Germany
| | - Tanja Gaich
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Leibniz University of Hannover; Schneiderberg 1b 30167 Hannover Germany
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wong SP, Gan CY, Lim KH, Ting KN, Low YY, Kam TS. Arboridinine, a Pentacyclic Indole Alkaloid with a New Cage Carbon-Nitrogen Skeleton Derived from a Pericine Precursor. Org Lett 2015; 17:3628-31. [PMID: 26183592 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new monoterpene indole alkaloid characterized by an unprecedented pentacyclic cage skeleton, arboridinine (1), was isolated from a Malaysian Kopsia species. The structure and absolute configuration of the alkaloid were determined based on NMR, MS, and X-ray diffraction analysis. A possible biogenetic pathway from a pericine precursor is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suet-Pick Wong
- †Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chew-Yan Gan
- ‡University Malaysia of Computer Science and Engineering, Jalan Alamanda 2, Precint 1, 62000 Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Yun-Yee Low
- †Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Toh-Seok Kam
- †Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zhong X, Qi S, Li Y, Zhang J, Han FS. A study in indol-2-yl carbinol chemistry and the application for the total synthesis of mersicarpine. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.07.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
35
|
Xu Z, Wang Q, Zhu J. Total Syntheses of (-)-Mersicarpine, (-)-Scholarisine G, (+)-Melodinine E, (-)-Leuconoxine, (-)-Leuconolam, (-)-Leuconodine A, (+)-Leuconodine F, and (-)-Leuconodine C: Self-Induced Diastereomeric Anisochronism (SIDA) Phenomenon for Scholarisine G and Leuconodines A and C. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:6712-24. [PMID: 25946614 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b03619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Enantioselective total syntheses of title natural products from a common cyclohexenone derivative (S)-18 were reported. Ozonolysis of (S)-18 afforded a stable diketo ester (R)-17 that was subsequently converted to two skeletally different natural products, i.e., (-)-mersicarpine (8) with a [6.5.6.7] fused tetracyclic ring system and (-)-scholarisine G (9) with a [6.5.6.6.5] fused pentacyclic skeleton, respectively. The postcyclization diversification was realized by taking advantage of the facile conversion of (+)-melodinine E (6) to N-acyliminium ion 7, from which a hydroxy group was selectively introduced to the C6, C7, C10 and the central C21 position of diazafenestrane system, leading to (-)-leuconodine A (11), (+)-leuconodine F (12), (-)-scholarisine G (9), (-)-leuconodine C (13), and skeletally different (-)-leuconolam (5). Furthermore, an unprecedented non-natural oxabridged oxadiazafenestrane 68 was formed by oxidation of (+)-melodinine E (6). During the course of this study, a strong self-induced diastereomeric anisochronism (SIDA) phenomenon was observed for scholarisine G (9), leuconodines A (11) and C (13). X-ray structures of both the racemic and the enantiopure natural products 9, 11, and 13 were obtained. The different crystal packing of these two forms nicely explained the chemical shift differences observed in the (1)H NMR spectra of the racemic and the enantio-enriched compounds in an achiral environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengren Xu
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH5304, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Qian Wang
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH5304, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jieping Zhu
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH5304, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Pfaffenbach M, Gaich T. A Flexible Route to Indole Scaffolds - Formal Synthesis of (±)-Mersicarpine. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
37
|
Li Z, Geng Q, Lv Z, Pritchett BP, Baba K, Numajiri Y, Stoltz BM, Liang G. Selective syntheses of leuconolam, leuconoxine, and mersicarpine alkaloids from a common intermediate through regiocontrolled cyclizations by Staudinger reactions†Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: Experimental details and procedures, compound characterization data, copies of 1H and 13C NMR spectra for new compounds. See DOI: 10.1039/c4qo00312hClick here for additional data file. Org Chem Front 2015; 2:236-240. [PMID: 25717379 PMCID: PMC4333676 DOI: 10.1039/c4qo00312h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Selective syntheses of leuconolam, leuconoxine, and mersicarpine alkaloids bearing distinctive core structures were achieved through Staudinger reactions using a common intermediate. In the key cyclization step, water functioned like a switch to control which core structure to produce. The chemistry allowed for selective syntheses of the group of alkaloids from a simple intermediate through straightforward chemical operations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zining Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-organic Chemistry , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China .
| | - Qian Geng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-organic Chemistry , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China .
| | - Zhe Lv
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-organic Chemistry , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China .
| | - Beau P Pritchett
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , California 91125 , USA .
| | - Katsuaki Baba
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , California 91125 , USA .
| | - Yoshitaka Numajiri
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , California 91125 , USA .
| | - Brian M Stoltz
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , California 91125 , USA .
| | - Guangxin Liang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-organic Chemistry , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China .
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Pfaffenbach M, Gaich T. A Photoinduced Cyclization Cascade-Total Synthesis of (−)-Leuconoxine. Chemistry 2015; 21:6355-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
39
|
Quan M, Yang G, Xie F, Gridnev ID, Zhang W. Pd(ii)-catalyzed asymmetric addition of arylboronic acids to cyclic N-sulfonyl ketimine esters and a DFT study of its mechanism. Org Chem Front 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4qo00347k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A highly efficient palladium-catalyzed asymmetric arylation of cyclic ketimine esters is developed, which provides the desired product in up to 99% yield with up to 99% ee. The mechanism of enantioselection is studied using DFT calculation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mao Quan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- P. R. China
| | - Guoqiang Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- P. R. China
| | - Fang Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- P. R. China
| | - Ilya D. Gridnev
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Aoba-ku
- Japan
| | - Wanbin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
|
41
|
Higuchi K, Sugiyama S, Kawasaki T. Synthetic Development of 2,2-Disubstituted Indolin-3-ones Using Mannich-type Reactions and Its Application to Natural Product Synthesis. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2015. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.73.821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Higuchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Meiji Pharmaceutical University
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Yang Y, Bai Y, Sun S, Dai M. Biosynthetically inspired divergent approach to monoterpene indole alkaloids: total synthesis of mersicarpine, leuconodines B and D, leuconoxine, melodinine E, leuconolam, and rhazinilam. Org Lett 2014; 16:6216-9. [PMID: 25412144 PMCID: PMC4260631 DOI: 10.1021/ol503150c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by their potential biosynthesis, we have developed divergent total syntheses of seven monoterpene indole alkaloids including mersicarpine, leuconodines B and D, leuconoxine, melodinine E, leuconolam, and rhazinilam, and one unnatural analogue with an unprecedented structural skeleton. The key steps involve a Witkop-Winterfeldt oxidative indole cleavage followed by transannular cyclization. The transannular cyclization product was then converted to the corresponding structural skeletons by pairing its functional groups into different reaction modes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Siyuan Sun
- Department
of Chemistry and
Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, 720 Clinic Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Mingji Dai
- Department
of Chemistry and
Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, 720 Clinic Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Nge CE, Gan CY, Lim KH, Ting KN, Low YY, Kam TS. Criofolinine and Vernavosine, New Pentacyclic Indole Alkaloids Incorporating Pyrroloazepine and Pyridopyrimidine Moieties Derived from a Common Yohimbine Precursor. Org Lett 2014; 16:6330-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol503072g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Choy-Eng Nge
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chew-Yan Gan
- University Malaysia of Computer Science and Engineering, Jalan Alamanda 2, Precint 1, 62000 Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Yun-Yee Low
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Toh-Seok Kam
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Wang JJ, Zhou AX, Wang GW, Yang SD. An Aluminum Triflate-Catalyzed Intramolecular Reaction Sequence Toward Concise Construction of the Tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]indol-6-one Skeleton. Adv Synth Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201400391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
45
|
|
46
|
Umehara A, Ueda H, Tokuyama H. Total Syntheses of Leuconoxine, Leuconodine B, and Melodinine E by Oxidative Cyclic Aminal Formation and Diastereoselective Ring-Closing Metathesis. Org Lett 2014; 16:2526-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol500903e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Umehara
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-3, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Ueda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-3, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Tokuyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-3, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Low YY, Hong FJ, Lim KH, Thomas NF, Kam TS. Transformations of the 2,7-Seco Aspidosperma alkaloid leuconolam, structure revision of epi-leuconolam, and partial syntheses of leuconoxine and leuconodines A and F. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2014; 77:327-338. [PMID: 24428198 DOI: 10.1021/np400922x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Several transformations of the seco Aspidosperma alkaloid leuconolam were carried out. The based-induced reaction resulted in cyclization to yield two epimers, the major product corresponding to the optical antipode of a (+)-meloscine derivative. The structures and relative configuration of the products were confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. Reaction of leuconolam and epi-leuconolam with various acids, molecular bromine, and hydrogen gave results that indicated that the structure of the alkaloid, previously assigned as epi-leuconolam, was incorrect. This was confirmed by an X-ray diffraction analysis, which revealed that epi-leuconolam is in fact 6,7-dehydroleuconoxine. Short partial syntheses of the diazaspiro indole alkaloid leuconoxine and the new leuconoxine-type alkaloids leuconodines A and F were carried out.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yee Low
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya , 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Lv Z, Li Z, Liang G. Total Synthesis of Mersicarpine through a Cationic Cyclization Approach. Org Lett 2014; 16:1653-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol500308e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Lv
- State Key Laboratory and
Institute of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin, China, 300071
| | - Zining Li
- State Key Laboratory and
Institute of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin, China, 300071
| | - Guangxin Liang
- State Key Laboratory and
Institute of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin, China, 300071
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Patel P, Narendraprasad Reddy B, Ramana C. The synthesis of the central tricyclic core of the isatisine A: harmonious orchestration of [metal]-catalyzed reactions in a sequence. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
50
|
Li H, Bonderoff SA, Cheng B, Padwa A. Model Studies Directed toward the Alkaloid Mersicarpine Utilizing a Rh(II)-Catalyzed Insertion/Cycloaddition Sequence. J Org Chem 2013; 79:392-400. [DOI: 10.1021/jo4026622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Sara A. Bonderoff
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Bo Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Albert Padwa
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| |
Collapse
|