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Previti S, Ettari R, Di Chio C, Ravichandran R, Bogacz M, Hellmich UA, Schirmeister T, Cosconati S, Zappalà M. Development of Reduced Peptide Bond Pseudopeptide Michael Acceptors for the Treatment of Human African Trypanosomiasis. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123765. [PMID: 35744891 PMCID: PMC9229991 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) is an endemic protozoan disease widespread in the sub-Saharan region that is caused by T. b. gambiense and T. b. rhodesiense. The development of molecules targeting rhodesain, the main cysteine protease of T. b. rhodesiense, has led to a panel of inhibitors endowed with micro/sub-micromolar activity towards the protozoa. However, whilst impressive binding affinity against rhodesain has been observed, the limited selectivity towards the target still remains a hard challenge for the development of antitrypanosomal agents. In this paper, we report the synthesis, biological evaluation, as well as docking studies of a series of reduced peptide bond pseudopeptide Michael acceptors (SPR10–SPR19) as potential anti-HAT agents. The new molecules show Ki values in the low-micro/sub-micromolar range against rhodesain, coupled with k2nd values between 1314 and 6950 M−1 min−1. With a few exceptions, an appreciable selectivity over human cathepsin L was observed. In in vitro assays against T. b. brucei cultures, SPR16 and SPR18 exhibited single-digit micromolar activity against the protozoa, comparable to those reported for very potent rhodesain inhibitors, while no significant cytotoxicity up to 70 µM towards mammalian cells was observed. The discrepancy between rhodesain inhibition and the antitrypanosomal effect could suggest additional mechanisms of action. The biological characterization of peptide inhibitor SPR34 highlights the essential role played by the reduced bond for the antitrypanosomal effect. Overall, this series of molecules could represent the starting point for further investigations of reduced peptide bond-containing analogs as potential anti-HAT agents
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Affiliation(s)
- Santo Previti
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.E.); (C.D.C.)
- Correspondence: (S.P.); (M.Z.); Tel.: +39-090-676-6411 (M.Z.)
| | - Roberta Ettari
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.E.); (C.D.C.)
| | - Carla Di Chio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.E.); (C.D.C.)
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Rahul Ravichandran
- DiSTABiF, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (R.R.); (S.C.)
| | - Marta Bogacz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-University of Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany; (M.B.); (U.A.H.)
| | - Ute A. Hellmich
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-University of Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany; (M.B.); (U.A.H.)
- Centre for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max von Laue Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tanja Schirmeister
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Mainz, Staudingerweg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Sandro Cosconati
- DiSTABiF, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (R.R.); (S.C.)
| | - Maria Zappalà
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.E.); (C.D.C.)
- Correspondence: (S.P.); (M.Z.); Tel.: +39-090-676-6411 (M.Z.)
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Kaur N, Grewal P, Bhardwaj P, Devi M, Ahlawat N, Verma Y. Synthesis of five-membered N-heterocycles using silver metal. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2019.1655767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Navjeet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, India
| | - Pooja Grewal
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, India
| | - Pranshu Bhardwaj
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, India
| | - Meenu Devi
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, India
| | - Neha Ahlawat
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, India
| | - Yamini Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, India
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Veeraswamy V, Goswami G, Mukherjee S, Ghosh K, Saha ML, Sengupta A, Ghorai MK. Memory of Chirality Concept in Asymmetric Intermolecular Michael Addition of α-Amino Ester Enolates to Enones and Nitroalkenes. J Org Chem 2018; 83:1106-1115. [PMID: 29272115 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A highly stereoselective asymmetric intermolecular conjugate addition of α-amino ester derivatives to cyclic enones via the memory of chirality (MOC) concept in high yields with excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivity (dr >99:1, up to 99% ee) is reported. The applicability and the generality of the strategy was demonstrated by its further exploration to acyclic α,β-unsaturated ketone and aromatic nitroalkenes, resulting in the formation of δ-keto-α-amino ester derivative and γ-nitro-α-amino ester derivatives, respectively, with excellent ee and dr.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gaurav Goswami
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology , Kanpur, 208016, India
| | | | - Koena Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology , Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Manik Lal Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology , Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Arunava Sengupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology , Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Manas K Ghorai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology , Kanpur, 208016, India
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Zamani F, Pyne SG, Hyland CJT. Oxazolidinones and 2,5-Dihydrofurans via Zinc-Catalyzed Regioselective Allenylation Reactions of l-α-Amino Aldehydes. J Org Chem 2017; 82:6819-6830. [PMID: 28557457 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The simultaneous control of diastereoselectivity and regioselectivity in Zn-catalyzed allenylation reactions of N-protected l-α-amino aldehydes is reported. A reversal in diastereoselectivity could be realized by variation of the α-amino aldehyde protecting groups. A range of 1-allenyl-2-amino alcohols were obtained with excellent regioselectivity and converted to oxazolidinones and dihydrofurans. Many of which could be isolated as single diastereoisomers and without significant erosion of ee, making this a practical catalytic synthesis of highly functionalized heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Zamani
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong , Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Stephen G Pyne
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong , Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Christopher J T Hyland
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong , Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
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Liu K, Xiong Y, Wang ZF, Tao HY, Wang CJ. Ligand-controlled stereodivergent 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides with 3-methyl-4-nitro-5-styrylisoxazoles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:9458-61. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc03169b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented Ag(i)-catalyzed ligand-controlled stereodivergent 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides with 3-methyl-4-nitro-5-styrylisoxazoles has been developed to afford heterocycles bearing both methylisoxazole and pyrrolidine moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- China
| | - Yong Xiong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- China
| | - Zuo-Fei Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- China
| | - Hai-Yan Tao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- China
| | - Chun-Jiang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
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Rostovskii NV, Sakharov PA, Novikov MS, Khlebnikov AF, Starova GL. Cu(I)–NHC-Catalyzed (2 + 3)-Annulation of Tetramic Acids with 2H-Azirines: Stereoselective Synthesis of Functionalized Hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrroles. Org Lett 2015; 17:4148-51. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai V. Rostovskii
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskii pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Pavel A. Sakharov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskii pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mikhail S. Novikov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskii pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander F. Khlebnikov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskii pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Galina L. Starova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskii pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
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Mishra A, Rastogi N, Batra S. 2-(N-Allylaminomethyl)cinnamaldehydes as substrates for syntheses of aza-polycycles via intramolecular cycloaddition reactions. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Murugan R, Raghunathan R, Narayanan SS. Synthesis of Highly Substituted Pyrrolidines Through 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction of N-Metalated Azomethine Ylides with Triarylideneacetylacetone as Dipolarophile Using Titanocene Dichloride. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910802621723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Alvarez-Corral M, Muñoz-Dorado M, Rodríguez-García I. Silver-mediated synthesis of heterocycles. Chem Rev 2008; 108:3174-98. [PMID: 18630971 DOI: 10.1021/cr078361l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 514] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Meng L, Fettinger JC, Kurth MJ. Intramolecular Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides in the Preparation of Pyrrolidino[2‘,3‘:3,4]pyrrolidino[1,2- a]benzimidazoles. Org Lett 2007; 9:5055-8. [PMID: 17973485 DOI: 10.1021/ol702301n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liping Meng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616
| | - James C. Fettinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616
| | - Mark J. Kurth
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616
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Nájera C, de Gracia Retamosa M, Sansano JM, de Cózar A, Cossío FP. Diastereoselective 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions between Azomethine Ylides and Chiral Acrylates Derived from Methyl (S)- and (R)-Lactate – Synthesis of Hepatitis C Virus RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase Inhibitors. European J Org Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200700267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Coldham I, Dobson BC, Fletcher SR, Franklin AI. Intramolecular Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions to Give Substituted Indoles – A Formal Synthesis of Deethylibophyllidine. European J Org Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200700045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Kawashima K, Hiromoto M, Hayashi K, Kakehi A, Shiro M, Noguchi M. Reaction of functionalized azomethine ylides with acetylenic dipolarophiles: the facile synthesis of functionalized 2H- and 1H-pyrroles. Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Pandey G, Banerjee P, Gadre SR. Construction of Enantiopure Pyrrolidine Ring System via Asymmetric [3+2]-Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides. Chem Rev 2006; 106:4484-517. [PMID: 17091927 DOI: 10.1021/cr050011g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 810] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Pandey
- Division of Organic Chemistry (Synthesis), National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411 008, India.
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1,3-Dipolar cycloadditions of azomethine ylides with chiral acrylates derived from methyl (S)- and (R)-lactate: diastereo- and enantioselective synthesis of polysubstituted prolines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2006.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Garner P, Kaniskan HU. Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Pyrrolidines via a Mild One-Pot, Three-Component 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Process. J Org Chem 2005; 70:10868-71. [PMID: 16356011 DOI: 10.1021/jo051926y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] A simple and efficient one-pot, three-component synthesis of highly functionalized pyrrolidines via cascade imine --> azomethine ylide --> 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions is reported. Admixing a variety of aldehydes, dimethyl 2-aminomalonate, and electron deficient alkenes in THF leads to the clean production of pyrrolidines in good to excellent yields. The mild reaction conditions enabled the generation of previously inaccessible azomethine ylides from enolizable aldehydes. Endo selectivity was exclusive with N-phenyl maleimide and maleic anhydride. Good chemo-, regio-, and stereoselectivities were observed with methyl acrylate, though catalysis by Ag(I) was necessary with this dipolarophile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Garner
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7078, USA.
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