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Jacquot de Rouville HP, Hu J, Heitz V. N-Substituted Acridinium as a Multi-Responsive Recognition Unit in Supramolecular Chemistry. Chempluschem 2021; 86:110-129. [PMID: 33400395 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The N-substituted acridinium motif is an electron-deficient unit with appealing multi-responsive properties which have been exploited in the field of supramolecular chemistry. This building block reversibly alters its shape, with its chemical and optical properties in response to a chemical or redox signal. In this Review, we discuss selected examples where the switchable properties of 9-aryl-N-methyl-acridinium lead to actuators, multi-input and multi-output systems, host or guest systems, and to interlocked systems with controllable motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henri-Pierre Jacquot de Rouville
- Laboratoire de Synthèse des Assemblages Moléculaires Multifonctionnels, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR 7177, Université de Strasbourg, 4, rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Johnny Hu
- Laboratoire de Synthèse des Assemblages Moléculaires Multifonctionnels, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR 7177, Université de Strasbourg, 4, rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Valérie Heitz
- Laboratoire de Synthèse des Assemblages Moléculaires Multifonctionnels, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR 7177, Université de Strasbourg, 4, rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France
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Suzuki T, Pérez-Sánchez H, P. Cerón-Carrasco J, Tamaoki H, Ishigaki Y, Katoono R, Fukushima T. Stereoselective Encapsulation for a Triarylmethylium o,o-Dimer by Natural γ-Cyclodextrin: Origin of Chiral Recognition for the Axially Chiral Dicationic Guest. HETEROCYCLES 2017. [DOI: 10.3987/com-17-13674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Suzuki T, Takeda T, Ohta E, Wada K, Katoono R, Kawai H, Fujiwara K. Bis(10-methylacridinium)s as a Versatile Platform for Redox-Active Functionalized Dyes and Novel Structures. CHEM REC 2014; 15:280-94. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201402073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Hokkaido 060-0810 Japan
| | - Takashi Takeda
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Hokkaido 060-0810 Japan
| | - Eisuke Ohta
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Hokkaido 060-0810 Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Wada
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Hokkaido 060-0810 Japan
| | - Ryo Katoono
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Hokkaido 060-0810 Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Kawai
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Hokkaido 060-0810 Japan
| | - Kenshu Fujiwara
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Hokkaido 060-0810 Japan
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Suzuki T, Hoshiyama Y, Wada K, Ishigaki Y, Miura Y, Kawai H, Katoono R, Fujiwara K, Fukushima T. Preparation, Properties, and X-ray Structures of Bis(10-methyl-9-methyleneacridan)-type Electron Donors with a Thiophene, Bithiophene, or Terthiophene Skeleton: Redox Switching of Thiophene–Thienoquinoid Structure Accompanied by UV–vis–NIR Electrochromic Response. CHEM LETT 2013. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.130401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University
| | - Yuuki Hoshiyama
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University
| | - Kazuhisa Wada
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University
| | - Yusuke Ishigaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University
| | - Youhei Miura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University
| | - Hidetoshi Kawai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Ryo Katoono
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University
| | - Kenshu Fujiwara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University
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Takeda T, Uchimura Y, Kawai H, Katoono R, Fujiwara K, Suzuki T. Hexaphenylethanes with an Ultralong C–C Bond: Expandability of the C–C Bond in Highly Strained Tetraarylpyracenes. CHEM LETT 2013. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.130598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Takeda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University
| | - Yasuto Uchimura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University
| | - Hidetoshi Kawai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Ryo Katoono
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University
| | - Kenshu Fujiwara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University
| | - Takanori Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University
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Suzuki T, Tamaoki H, Katoono R, Fujiwara K, Ichikawa J, Fukushima T. Redox Switching of Conjugation Length Using 9,9,10,10-Tetraaryl-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene as an ON/OFF Unit: Preparation, X-ray Structure, and Redox Properties of Perfluorobiphenyl Derivative and Its SNAr Reactions to π-Extended Analogues. CHEM LETT 2013. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.130190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University
| | - Hitomi Tamaoki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University
| | - Ryo Katoono
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University
| | - Kenshu Fujiwara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University
| | - Junji Ichikawa
- Division of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba
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Kawai H, Takeda T, Fujiwara K, Wakeshima M, Hinatsu Y, Suzuki T. Ultralong carbon-carbon bonds in dispirobis(10-methylacridan) derivatives with an acenaphthene, pyracene, or dihydropyracylene skeleton. Chemistry 2008; 14:5780-93. [PMID: 18478615 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200702028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Acenapthalene, pyracene, and dihydropyracylene attached to two units of spiroacridan are a novel class of hexaphenylethane (HPE) derivatives that have an ultralong Csp3-Csp3 bond (1.77-1.70 A). These sterically challenged molecules were cleanly prepared by C-C bond formation through two-electron reduction from the less-hindered dications. These ultralong bonds were realized based on several molecular-design concepts including enhanced "front strain" through "multiclamping" by means of fusing or bridging aryl groups in the HPE molecule. The lengths of these ultralong bonds and their relation to the conformation (torsional angle) were also validated by means of theoretical calculations. Bond-fission experiments revealed that the bonds are more easily cleaved than standard covalent bonds to produce the corresponding dication upon oxidation with an increase in the length of the C-C bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetoshi Kawai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 10 Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0810 (Japan).
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Abstract
The longer C-C bond than the standard (1.54 Å) is so weakened that it is cleaved easily, as found in the parent hexaphenylethane (HPE). However, the compounds with an ultralong C-C bond (1.75 Å) can be isolated as stable solids when the bond-dissociated species does not undergo any reactions other than bond reformation. This is the central point in designing the highly strained HPEs, which were obtained by two-electron reduction of the corresponding dications. Steric repulsion of "front strain" is the major factor to expand the central C-C bond of HPEs. During the detailed examination of the ultralong C-C bond, the authors discovered the intriguing phenomenon of "expandability": the C-C bond length can be altered over a wide range by applying only a small amount of energy (1 kcal mol-1) supplied by crystal packing force. This observation indicates that the much longer C-C bond than the shortest nonbonded contact (1.80 Å) will be realized under the rational molecular design concept.
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