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Ryabukhin SV, Bondarenko DV, Trofymchuk SA, Lega DA, Volochnyuk DM. Aza-Heterocyclic Building Blocks with In-Ring CF 2 -Fragment. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202300283. [PMID: 37873869 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Modern organic chemistry is a titan supporting and reinforcing pharmaceutical, agricultural, food and material science products. Over the past decades, the organic compounds market has been evolving to meet all the research demands. In this regard, medicinal chemistry is especially dependent on available chemical space as subtle tuning of the molecule structure is required to create a drug with relevant physicochemical properties and a remarkable activity profile. The recent rapid evolution of synthetic methodology to deploy fluorine has brought fluorinated compounds to the spotlight of MedChem community. And now unique properties of fluorine still keep fascinating more and more as its justified installation into a molecular framework has a beneficial impact on membrane permeability, lipophilicity, metabolic stability, pharmacokinetic properties, conformation, pKa , etc. The backward influence of medicinal chemistry on organic synthesis has also changed the landscape of the latter towards new fluorinated topologies as well. Such complex relationships create a flexible and ever-changing ecosystem. Given that MedChem investigations strongly lean on the ability to reach suitable building blocks and the existence of reliable synthetic methods in this review we collected advances in the chemistry of respectful, but still enigmatic gem-difluorinated aza-heterocyclic building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Ryabukhin
- Enamine Ltd., 78 Winston Churchill str., 02094, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska str., 01033, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Institute of Organic Chemistry of the, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 5 Akademik Kukhar str., 02094, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - D V Bondarenko
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska str., 01033, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - S A Trofymchuk
- Enamine Ltd., 78 Winston Churchill str., 02094, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Institute of Organic Chemistry of the, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 5 Akademik Kukhar str., 02094, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - D A Lega
- Enamine Ltd., 78 Winston Churchill str., 02094, Kyiv, Ukraine
- National University of Pharmacy of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, 53 Pushkinska str., 61002, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - D M Volochnyuk
- Enamine Ltd., 78 Winston Churchill str., 02094, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska str., 01033, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Institute of Organic Chemistry of the, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 5 Akademik Kukhar str., 02094, Kyiv, Ukraine
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2
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Braun
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf Universitätsstr. 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
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3
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Tarui A, Karuo Y, Sato K, Kawai K, Omote M. Stereoselective Synthesis of Multisubstituted α-fluoro-β-lactams. CURR ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272824666200221114707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
β-Lactams, found in β-lactam antibiotics, are the structurally distorted cyclic
compounds being subjected to nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction. α-Fluorination of β
-lactams is a simple and expedient approach to control the reactivity of β-lactam ring toward
nucleophilic attack, which would hopefully lead to the new design of future antibiotics.
From the viewpoint of obtaining multisubstituted α-fluoro-β-lactams, α-bromo-α-
fluoro-β-lactams are considered as key compounds for structure functionalization, including
nucleophilic substitution reaction, aldol-type reaction and metal-catalyzed crosscoupling
reaction. All the reactions can be conducted smoothly to afford a variety of multisubstituted
α-fluoro-β-lactams. During the course of the examination, chiral α,α-difluoro-
β-lactams and α -bromo-β-fluoro-α-lactams are successfully obtained, which are considered
potent precursors for making stereocontrolled multisubstituted α-fluoro-β-lactams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Tarui
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Yukiko Karuo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Sato
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kawai
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Masaaki Omote
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
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4
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Hu XS, Ding PG, Yu JS, Zhou J. A Sc(OTf)3 catalyzed Mukaiyama–Mannich reaction of difluoroenoxysilanes with unactivated ketimines. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00577c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The first example of a Mukaiyama–Mannich reaction of difluoroenoxysilanes with unactivated ketimines catalyzed by Sc(OTf)3 is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Si Hu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200062
- China
| | - Pei-Gang Ding
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200062
- China
| | - Jin-Sheng Yu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200062
- China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200062
- China
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Nguyen AL, Khatri HR, Woods JR, Baldwin CS, Fronczek FR, Colby DA. Magnesium-Promoted Additions of Difluoroenolates to Unactivated Imines. J Org Chem 2018; 83:3109-3118. [PMID: 29446944 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b03014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Although there are many synthetic methods to produce fluorinated and trifluoromethylated organic structures, the construction of difluoromethylated compounds remains a synthetic challenge. We have discovered that unactivated imines will react with difluoroenolates under exceedingly mild conditions when using magnesium salts and organic bases. We have applied this approach to the iminoaldol reaction to produce difluoromethylene groups as α,α-difluoro-β-amino-carbonyl groups. This method provides synthetically useful quantities of difficult to access α,α-difluoro-β-aminoketones without the need of protecting groups or the use of activated imines. Moreover, we have applied this strategy to create analogues of the dual orexin receptor antagonist, almorexant, in only two synthetic steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex L Nguyen
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences , University of Mississippi , University , Mississippi 38677 , United States
| | - Hari R Khatri
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences , University of Mississippi , University , Mississippi 38677 , United States
| | - James R Woods
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Cassidy S Baldwin
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences , University of Mississippi , University , Mississippi 38677 , United States
| | - Frank R Fronczek
- Department of Chemistry , Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge , Louisiana 70803 , United States
| | - David A Colby
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences , University of Mississippi , University , Mississippi 38677 , United States
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6
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Goyal S, Pal A, Chouhan M, Gangar M, Sarak S, Nair VA. A highly efficient stereoselective synthesis of β-lactams. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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7
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Goyal S, Thakur A, Sharma R, Gangar M, Patel B, Nair VA. Stereoselective Alkylation of Imines and its Application towards the Synthesis of β-Lactams. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201600339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Goyal
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research; Sector 67 S.A.S. Nagar Punjab 160062 India
| | - Anamika Thakur
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research; Sector 67 S.A.S. Nagar Punjab 160062 India
| | - Ratnesh Sharma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research; Sector 67 S.A.S. Nagar Punjab 160062 India
| | - Mukesh Gangar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research; Sector 67 S.A.S. Nagar Punjab 160062 India
| | - Bhautikkumar Patel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research; Sector 67 S.A.S. Nagar Punjab 160062 India
| | - Vipin A. Nair
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research; Sector 67 S.A.S. Nagar Punjab 160062 India
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De Munck L, Vila C, Muñoz MC, Pedro JR. Catalytic Enantioselective Aza-Reformatsky Reaction with Cyclic Imines. Chemistry 2016; 22:17590-17594. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lode De Munck
- Departament de Química Orgànica; Facultat de Química; Universitat de València; Dr. Moliner 50 46100 Burjassot, València Spain
| | - Carlos Vila
- Departament de Química Orgànica; Facultat de Química; Universitat de València; Dr. Moliner 50 46100 Burjassot, València Spain
| | - M. Carmen Muñoz
- Departament de Física Aplicada; Universitat Politècnica de València; Camino de Vera s/n 46022 València Spain
| | - José R. Pedro
- Departament de Química Orgànica; Facultat de Química; Universitat de València; Dr. Moliner 50 46100 Burjassot, València Spain
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9
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Tarui A. [Stereoselective Synthesis of Multi-substituted Fluoro-β-lactams and Their Conversion to Fluorinated β-Amino Acid Core]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2015; 135:1245-53. [PMID: 26521873 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.15-00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Multi-substituted β-lactam compounds have not only attracted considerable interest as core structures of pharmaceutical compounds such as antibiotics but also have been used as building blocks for the construction of β-amino acids. Electrophilic β-lactams can be used to enhance essential biological activities. Furthermore, the ring-opening reactions of electrophilic β-lactams can be used to provide facile access to β-amino acids. The introduction of an electronegative fluorine atom to a β-lactam ring to give the corresponding fluoro-β-lactam can be used as an effective strategy for the preparation of electrophilic β-lactams. In this review, we provide a summary of our recent research towards the direct functionalization of fluoro-β-lactams. This review has been divided into four topics, including: 1) the alkylation and hydroxyalkylation of α-bromo-α-fluoro-β-lactams (1); 2) the nickel-catalyzed cross coupling reaction of 1; 3) the asymmetric synthesis of fluoro-β-lactams using chiral ligands; and 4) the utilization of fluoro-β-lactams as highly electrophilic building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Tarui
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University
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10
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11
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Pitts CR, Lectka T. Chemical Synthesis of β-Lactams: Asymmetric Catalysis and Other Recent Advances. Chem Rev 2014; 114:7930-53. [DOI: 10.1021/cr4005549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cody Ross Pitts
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Thomas Lectka
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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12
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Tarui A, Sato K, Omote M, Ando A. Synthesis of Fluorinated Heterocycles Designed to Deliver the Modified Bioactive Behavior: Synthetic Use of Ethyl Bromodifluoroacetate, Ethyl Dibromofluoroacetate and Fluorine Containing Vinylsilanes. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2014. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.72.680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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13
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Tarui A, Ikebata T, Sato K, Omote M, Ando A. Enantioselective synthesis of α,α-difluoro-β-lactams using amino alcohol ligands. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:6484-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob01184h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A practical and highly enantioselective Reformatsky reaction of ethyl bromodifluoroacetate with imines using a cheap and commercially available amino alcohol ligand is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Tarui
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Setsunan University
- Hirakata, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ikebata
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Setsunan University
- Hirakata, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Sato
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Setsunan University
- Hirakata, Japan
| | - Masaaki Omote
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Setsunan University
- Hirakata, Japan
| | - Akira Ando
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Setsunan University
- Hirakata, Japan
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14
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Fernández-Ibáñez MÁ, Maciá B, Alonso DA, Pastor IM. Recent Advances in the Catalytic Enantioselective Reformatsky Reaction. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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15
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Orbegozo T, Burel F, Jubault P, Pannecoucke X. 3,3-gem-Difluorinated-β-lactams: synthesis pathways and applications. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Choppin S, Ferreiro-Medeiros L, Barbarotto M, Colobert F. Recent advances in the diastereoselective Reformatsky-type reaction. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:937-49. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35351b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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March TL, Johnston MR, Duggan PJ, Gardiner J. Synthesis, Structure, and Biological Applications ofα-Fluorinatedβ-Amino Acids and Derivatives. Chem Biodivers 2012; 9:2410-41. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201200307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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18
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Poisson T, Belhomme MC, Pannecoucke X. Indium-Promoted Reformatsky Reaction: A Straightforward Access to β-Amino and β-Hydroxy α,α-Difluoro Carbonyl Compounds. J Org Chem 2012; 77:9277-85. [DOI: 10.1021/jo301873y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Poisson
- INSA de Rouen, Avenue de l’Université, 76800
St Etienne du Rouvray,
France
- Laboratory COBRA UMR 6014 & FR 3038, IRCOF, Université de Rouen, 1 Rue Tesnière, 76821 Mont St Aignan Cedex, France
- CNRS Délégation Normandie, 14 Rue Alfred Kastler, 14052 Caen Cedex,
France
| | - Marie-Charlotte Belhomme
- INSA de Rouen, Avenue de l’Université, 76800
St Etienne du Rouvray,
France
- Laboratory COBRA UMR 6014 & FR 3038, IRCOF, Université de Rouen, 1 Rue Tesnière, 76821 Mont St Aignan Cedex, France
- CNRS Délégation Normandie, 14 Rue Alfred Kastler, 14052 Caen Cedex,
France
| | - Xavier Pannecoucke
- INSA de Rouen, Avenue de l’Université, 76800
St Etienne du Rouvray,
France
- Laboratory COBRA UMR 6014 & FR 3038, IRCOF, Université de Rouen, 1 Rue Tesnière, 76821 Mont St Aignan Cedex, France
- CNRS Délégation Normandie, 14 Rue Alfred Kastler, 14052 Caen Cedex,
France
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March TL, Johnston MR, Duggan PJ. Diastereoselective Synthesis of Aliphatic α,α-Difluoro-β3-Amino Esters via a Sonocatalyzed Reformatsky Reaction. Org Lett 2011; 14:182-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol202969w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taryn L March
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University , SA 5042, Australia
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Practical synthesis of fluorine-containing α- and β-amino acids: recipes from Kiev, Ukraine. Future Med Chem 2011; 1:793-819. [PMID: 21426081 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.09.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Naturally occurring compounds containing a C-F bond are extremely rare; only a handful of fluorine-containing carboxylic acids have been described so far. By contrast, man-made fluorine-containing derivatives of all major classes of biologically important compounds are extremely promising medicinal targets used in the elucidation of biochemical, metabolic transformations and the development of new pharmaceuticals. Among the fluorine-containing derivatives of natural products, fluorinated analogs of amino acids are of particular interest and medicinal potential. This article presents a concise review of various synthetic methods, developed by the Kiev's school of bioorganic chemistry, for the preparation of fluorine-containing analogs of α- and β-amino acids, α-hydroxy acids, amines, as well as their phosphorus and sulfur-derived compounds, in enantiomerically pure form. One of the major methodological goals of the study was practicality, which is understood by us as stereochemical generality, operational convenience and synthetic affordance for each reaction step and isolation of the target products. The synthetic methods developed by our group can be roughly divided in two general categories: fluorine-adaptation of known synthetic approaches and discovery of new reactions. The former approach is most prominently represented by asymmetric homologation of nucleophilic glycine equivalents using fluorinated substrates via alkyl halide alkylations, aldol and Michael addition reactions. A plethora of discovered unexpected reaction outcomes, in particular stereochemical, are emphasized in this review and the particular role of fluorine, in altering the 'normal' reaction result, is explained. The latter direction is notably represented by the novel 1,3-proton shift reaction, a biomimetic reductive amination of fluorinated carbonyl compounds to the corresponding amines and amino acids, as well as the development of α-fluoroalkyl epoxides as true fluorinated synthons for generalized asymmetric synthesis of various biologically relevant compounds. Despite the highly anticipated potential of fluorine-containing amino compounds, their medicinal chemistry still remains underexplored. The major obstacle, in our opinion, is that these selectively fluorinated compounds are generally unavailable to the medicinal chemists for comprehensive, systematic study. We hope this review of synthetic methods will highlight and bring attention to particular types of fluorinated amino acids and related compounds readily available on a laboratory scale using methods developed by our group.
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Tarui A, Sato K, Omote M, Kumadaki I, Ando A. Stereoselective Synthesis of α-Fluorinated Amino Acid Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201000506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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22
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Ema T, Kadoya T, Akihara K, Sakai T. Chemoenzymatic synthesis of optically active alcohol and β-amino-acid derivative containing the difluoromethylene group. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2010.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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23
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Tarui A, Kawashima N, Sato K, Omote M, Miwa Y, Minami H, Ando A. Simple, chemoselective, and diastereoselective Reformatsky-type synthesis of α-bromo-α-fluoro-β-lactams. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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24
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Veeraraghavan Ramachandran P, Biswas D, Chen GM. Preparation of β-Amino Esters and β-Lactams from Nitriles via Aldimine-Borane Complexes. HETEROCYCLES 2010. [DOI: 10.3987/com-10-s(e)95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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25
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Yamaki Y, Shigenaga A, Tomita K, Narumi T, Fujii N, Otaka A. Synthesis of Fluoroalkene Dipeptide Isosteres by an Intramolecular Redox Reaction Utilizing N-Heteorocyclic Carbenes (NHCs). J Org Chem 2009; 74:3272-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jo900134k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Yamaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokushima, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan, and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Akira Shigenaga
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokushima, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan, and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kenji Tomita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokushima, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan, and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Narumi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokushima, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan, and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Fujii
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokushima, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan, and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Akira Otaka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokushima, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan, and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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