1
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Hu C, Mena J, Alabugin IV. Design principles of the use of alkynes in radical cascades. Nat Rev Chem 2023:10.1038/s41570-023-00479-w. [PMID: 37117812 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-023-00479-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
One of the simplest organic functional groups, the alkyne, offers a broad canvas for the design of cascade transformations in which up to three new bonds can be added to each of the two sterically unencumbered, energy-rich carbon atoms. However, kinetic protection provided by strong π-orbital overlap makes the design of new alkyne transformations a stereoelectronic puzzle, especially on multifunctional substrates. This Review describes the electronic properties contributing to the unique utility of alkynes in radical cascades. We describe how to control the selectivity of alkyne activation by various methods, from dynamic covalent chemistry with kinetic self-sorting to disappearing directing groups. Additionally, we demonstrate how the selection of reactive intermediates directly influences the propagation and termination of the cascade. Diverging from a common departure point, a carefully planned reaction route can allow access to a variety of products.
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2
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Feng J, Zhang F, Shu C, Zhu G. Copper‐Catalyzed
1,2,
5‐Trifunctionalization
of Terminal Alkynes Using
SR
as a Transient Directing Group for Radical Translocation. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202200092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Feng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry Zhejiang Normal University 688 Yingbin Road Jinhua 321004 P. R. China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry Zhejiang Normal University 688 Yingbin Road Jinhua 321004 P. R. China
| | - Chenyun Shu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry Zhejiang Normal University 688 Yingbin Road Jinhua 321004 P. R. China
| | - Gangguo Zhu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry Zhejiang Normal University 688 Yingbin Road Jinhua 321004 P. R. China
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3
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Evaluation of renewable feedstock-derived copolymers of stearyl methacrylate-co-triglyceride as multifunctional green additives in lubricant. Polym Bull (Berl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-021-03611-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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4
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Yang Y, Daniliuc CG, Studer A. 1,1,2‐Trifunctionalization of Terminal Alkynes by Radical Addition–Translocation–Cyclization–Trapping for the Construction of Highly Substituted Cyclopentanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youqing Yang
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraß 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraß 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraß 40 48149 Münster Germany
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5
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Kotha S, Cheekatla SR, Meshram M. Design and Synthesis of Cage Molecules as High Energy Density Materials for Aerospace Applications. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sambasivarao Kotha
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400 076 India
| | - Subba Rao Cheekatla
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400 076 India
| | - Milind Meshram
- Department of Chemistry The K.R.T. Arts B.H. Commerce & A.M. Science College Nashik 422 002 India
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6
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Yang Y, Daniliuc CG, Studer A. 1,1,2‐Trifunctionalization of Terminal Alkynes by Radical Addition–Translocation–Cyclization–Trapping for the Construction of Highly Substituted Cyclopentanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:2145-2148. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youqing Yang
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraß 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraß 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraß 40 48149 Münster Germany
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7
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Kotha S, Cheekatla SR. A New Synthetic Approach toC2-Symmetric Octacyclic Cage Diol via Claisen Rearrangement and Ring-Closing Metathesis as Key Steps. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sambasivarao Kotha
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay; Mumbai-Powai 400076 India
| | - Subba Rao Cheekatla
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay; Mumbai-Powai 400076 India
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8
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Xuan J, Studer A. Radical cascade cyclization of 1,n-enynes and diynes for the synthesis of carbocycles and heterocycles. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:4329-4346. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00912c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights recent advances in radical cascade cyclization of 1,n-enynes and diynes for the construction of carbo- and heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xuan
- Department of Chemistry
- Anhui University
- Hefei
- People's Republic of China
| | - Armido Studer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Westfälische Wilhems-University
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
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9
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Masusai C, Soorukram D, Kuhakarn C, Tuchinda P, Pakawatchai C, Saithong S, Reutrakul V, Pohmakotr M. Synthesis of gem-Difluoromethylenated Polycyclic Cage Compounds. J Org Chem 2015; 80:1577-92. [PMID: 25584632 DOI: 10.1021/jo502501v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chonticha Masusai
- Center
of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC) and Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Darunee Soorukram
- Center
of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC) and Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Chutima Kuhakarn
- Center
of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC) and Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Patoomratana Tuchinda
- Center
of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC) and Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Chaveng Pakawatchai
- Center
of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC) and Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkla 90112, Thailand
| | - Saowanit Saithong
- Center
of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC) and Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkla 90112, Thailand
| | - Vichai Reutrakul
- Center
of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC) and Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Manat Pohmakotr
- Center
of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC) and Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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10
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Zurita MA, Avila A, Spanevello RA, Suárez AG, Sarotti AM. Montmorillonite K-10 promoted synthesis of chiral dioxa-caged compounds derived from levoglucosenone. Carbohydr Res 2015; 402:67-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2014.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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11
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Kotha S, Ravikumar O. Design and synthesis of oxa-bowls via Diels–Alder reaction and ring-rearrangement metathesis as key steps. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.08.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Kotha S, Ravikumar O. Diversity-Oriented Approach to Carbocycles and Heterocycles through Ring-Rearrangement Metathesis, Fischer Indole Cyclization, and Diels-Alder Reaction as Key Steps. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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13
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exo-2,3-Epoxybicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-endo-5,6-dicarboximides: versatile starting materials for the preparation of oxazaheterocyclic cage compounds. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-014-1192-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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14
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Gharpure SJ, Porwal SK. Stereoselective Synthesis of Oxa-Bowls by Nucleophilic Addition to Oxonium Ions: Observation of Nucleophile-Dependent Hydride Migration. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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15
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16
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Wille U. Radical Cascades Initiated by Intermolecular Radical Addition to Alkynes and Related Triple Bond Systems. Chem Rev 2012; 113:813-53. [DOI: 10.1021/cr100359d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 465] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uta Wille
- School of Chemistry and
BIO21 Molecular Science and
Biotechnology Institute, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence
for Free Radical Chemistry and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria
3010, Australia
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17
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Gharpure SJ, Niranjana P, Porwal SK. Stereoselective Synthesis of Oxa- and Aza-Angular Triquinanes Using Tandem Radical Cyclization to Vinylogous Carbonates and Carbamates. Org Lett 2012; 14:5476-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol302557a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Santosh J. Gharpure
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India, and Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - P. Niranjana
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India, and Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Suheel K. Porwal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India, and Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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18
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Wu CY, Lin HC, Wu HJ. Synthesis of new acetal aza-cage compounds via ozonolysis of bis-endo-diol- and diacylnorbornene derivatives. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Gharpure SJ, Porwal SK. Alkyl radical cyclization to vinylogous carbonates for the stereoselective synthesis of unsymmetrical dioxa-cage compounds: effect of conformation on the rate of cyclization versus reduction. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.11.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Tandem radical cyclization-based strategy for the synthesis of oxa- and aza-cages: a case of fragmentation versus cyclization. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.04.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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