1
|
Morais PAB, Francisco CS, de Paula H, Ribeiro R, Eloy MA, Javarini CL, Neto ÁC, Júnior VL. Semisynthetic Triazoles as an Approach in the Discovery of Novel Lead Compounds. CURR ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272825666210126100227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Historically, medicinal chemistry has been concerned with the approach of organic
chemistry for new drug synthesis. Considering the fruitful collections of new molecular entities,
the dedicated efforts for medicinal chemistry are rewarding. Planning and search for new
and applicable pharmacologic therapies involve the altruistic nature of the scientists. Since
the 19th century, notoriously applying isolated and characterized plant-derived compounds in
modern drug discovery and various stages of clinical development highlight its viability and
significance. Natural products influence a broad range of biological processes, covering transcription,
translation, and post-translational modification, being effective modulators of most
basic cellular processes. The research of new chemical entities through “click chemistry”
continuously opens up a map for the remarkable exploration of chemical space towards leading
natural products optimization by structure-activity relationship. Finally, in this review, we expect to gather a
broad knowledge involving triazolic natural product derivatives, synthetic routes, structures, and their biological activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Alves Bezerra Morais
- Centro de Ciencias Exatas, Naturais e da Saude, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29500000, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Carla Santana Francisco
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Quimica, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29075910, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Heberth de Paula
- Centro de Ciencias Exatas, Naturais e da Saude, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29500000, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Rayssa Ribeiro
- Programa de Pos- Graduacao em Agroquimica, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29500000, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Mariana Alves Eloy
- Programa de Pos- Graduacao em Agroquimica, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29500000, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Clara Lirian Javarini
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Quimica, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29075910, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Álvaro Cunha Neto
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Quimica, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29075910, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Valdemar Lacerda Júnior
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Quimica, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29075910, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Speranza G. Carbon Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Functionalization and Sensing Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:967. [PMID: 33918769 PMCID: PMC8069879 DOI: 10.3390/nano11040967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in nanomaterial design and synthesis has resulted in robust sensing systems that display superior analytical performance. The use of nanomaterials within sensors has accelerated new routes and opportunities for the detection of analytes or target molecules. Among others, carbon-based sensors have reported biocompatibility, better sensitivity, better selectivity and lower limits of detection to reveal a wide range of organic and inorganic molecules. Carbon nanomaterials are among the most extensively studied materials because of their unique properties spanning from the high specific surface area, high carrier mobility, high electrical conductivity, flexibility, and optical transparency fostering their use in sensing applications. In this paper, a comprehensive review has been made to cover recent developments in the field of carbon-based nanomaterials for sensing applications. The review describes nanomaterials like fullerenes, carbon onions, carbon quantum dots, nanodiamonds, carbon nanotubes, and graphene. Synthesis of these nanostructures has been discussed along with their functionalization methods. The recent application of all these nanomaterials in sensing applications has been highlighted for the principal applicative field and the future prospects and possibilities have been outlined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Speranza
- CMM—FBK, v. Sommarive 18, 38123 Trento, Italy;
- IFN—CNR, CSMFO Lab., via alla Cascata 56/C Povo, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, v. Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lin L, Qiao M, Zhang X, Linhardt RJ. Site-selective reactions for the synthesis of glycoconjugates in polysaccharide vaccine development. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 230:115643. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
4
|
Teng FA, Guo Y, He J, Zhang Y, Han Z, Li H. Convenient syntheses of fullerynes for 'clicking' into fullerene polymers. Des Monomers Polym 2016; 20:283-292. [PMID: 29491799 PMCID: PMC5812179 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2016.1256462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkyne-functionalized fullerenes (fullerynes) were designed and conveniently synthesized via Bingel reaction in one step with high yields. They were used to react with azido-functionalized polystyrene (PS) via Huisgen [3 + 2] cycloaddition 'click' chemistry to form two fullerene polymers: one with C60 tethered to the end of a PS chain (C60-1PS) and the other with C60 tethered at the junction point of two PS chains of identical molecular weight (C60-2PS). The fullerene polymers were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FT-IR, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and SEC. The results showed that the fullerene polymers are well-defined with narrow polydispersity and high fullerene functionality. Besides, aggregation of C60 in THF was observed in the SEC traces. The optical properties of the fullerene polymers were studied by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, and the results suggested that the PS chain(s) on the fullerene core has no remarkable effect on the optic property of C60. The thermal properties of the fullerene polymers were studied by TGA and DSC, and the results indicated that the two fullerene polymers with different C60 content and distinct molecular topology may have different self-assemble architectures in the solid state. The well-defined fullerene polymers can be used as model compounds to study the self-assemble architecture of shape amphiphiles based on polymer-tethered molecular nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Ai Teng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yanli Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jianping He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zhewen Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zheng ZJ, Wang D, Xu Z, Xu LW. Synthesis of bi- and bis-1,2,3-triazoles by copper-catalyzed Huisgen cycloaddition: A family of valuable products by click chemistry. Beilstein J Org Chem 2015; 11:2557-76. [PMID: 26734102 PMCID: PMC4685768 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.11.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction, also known as click chemistry, has become a useful tool for the facile formation of 1,2,3-triazoles. Specifically, the utility of this reaction has been demonstrated by the synthesis of structurally diverse bi- and bis-1,2,3-triazoles. The present review focuses on the synthesis of such bi- and bistriazoles and the importance of using copper-promoted click chemistry (CuAAC) for such transformations. In addition, the application of bitriazoles and the related CuAAAC reaction in different fields, including medicinal chemistry, coordination chemistry, biochemistry, and supramolecular chemistry, have been highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Jiang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310012, P. R. China
| | - Ding Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310012, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310012, P. R. China
| | - Li-Wen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310012, P. R. China; State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jin B, Shen J, Peng R, Chen C, Zhang Q, Wang X, Chu S. DMSO: An Efficient Catalyst for the Cyclopropanation of C60, C70, SWNTs, and Graphene through the Bingel Reaction. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/ie504918f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jin B, Shen J, Peng R, Zheng R, Chu S. Efficient cyclopropanation of [60]fullerene starting from bromo-substituted active methylene compounds without using a basic catalyst. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
8
|
Nierengarten I, Nierengarten JF. Fullerene sugar balls: a new class of biologically active fullerene derivatives. Chem Asian J 2014; 9:1436-44. [PMID: 24678063 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201400133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Among the large variety of bioactive C60 derivatives, fullerene derivatives substituted with sugar residues, that is, glycofullerenes, are of particular interest. The sugar residues are not only solubilizing groups; their intrinsic biological properties also provide additional appealing features to the conjugates. The most recent advances in the synthesis and the biological applications of glycofullerenes are summarized in the present review article with special emphasis on globular glycofullerenes, that is, fullerene sugar balls, constructed on a hexa-substituted fullerene scaffold. The high local concentration of carbohydrates around the C60 core in fullerene sugar balls is perfectly suited to the binding of lectins through the "glycoside cluster effect", and these compounds are potential anti-adhesive agents against bacterial infection. Moreover, mannosylated fullerene sugar balls have shown antiviral activity in an Ebola pseudotyped infection model. Finally, when substituted with peripheral iminosugars, dramatic multivalent effects have been observed for glycosidase inhibition. These unexpected observations have been rationalized by the interplay of interactions involving the catalytic site of the enzyme and non-glycone binding sites with lectin-like abilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Nierengarten
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Moléculaires, Université de Strasbourg et CNRS (UMR 7509), Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2 (France)
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chabre YM, Roy R. Multivalent glycoconjugate syntheses and applications using aromatic scaffolds. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:4657-708. [PMID: 23400414 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs35483k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Glycan-protein interactions are of utmost importance in several biological phenomena. Although the variety of carbohydrate residues in mammalian cells is limited to less than a dozen different sugars, their spatial topographical presentation in what is now associated as the "glycocodes" provides the fundamental keys for specific and high affinity "lock-in" recognition events associated with a wide range of pathologies. Toward deciphering our understanding of these glycocodes, chemists have developed new creative tools that included dendrimer chemistry in order to provide monodisperse multivalent glycoconjugates. This review provides a survey of the numerous aromatic architectures generated for the multivalent presentation of relevant carbohydrates using covalent attachment or supramolecular self-assemblies. The basic concepts toward their controlled syntheses will be described using modern synthetic procedures with a particular emphasis on powerful organometallic methodologies. The large variety of dendritic aromatic scaffolds, together with a brief survey of their unique biophysical and biological properties will be critically reviewed. The distinctiveness of the resulting multivalent glycoarchitectures, encompassing glycoclusters, glycodendrimers and molecularly defined self-assemblies, in forming well organized cross-linked lattices with multivalent carbohydrate binding proteins (lectins) together with their photophysical, medical, and imaging properties will also be briefly highlighted. The topic will be presented in increasing order of aromatic backbone complexities and will end with fullerenes together with self-assembled nanostructures, thus complementing the various scaffolds described in this special thematic issue dedicated to multivalent glycoscience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoann M Chabre
- Pharmaqam - Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3P8
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Durka M, Buffet K, Iehl J, Holler M, Nierengarten JF, Vincent SP. The Inhibition of Liposaccharide Heptosyltransferase WaaC with Multivalent Glycosylated Fullerenes: A New Mode of Glycosyltransferase Inhibition. Chemistry 2011; 18:641-51. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
11
|
Algar WR, Prasuhn DE, Stewart MH, Jennings TL, Blanco-Canosa JB, Dawson PE, Medintz IL. The controlled display of biomolecules on nanoparticles: a challenge suited to bioorthogonal chemistry. Bioconjug Chem 2011; 22:825-58. [PMID: 21585205 DOI: 10.1021/bc200065z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 352] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Interest in developing diverse nanoparticle (NP)-biological composite materials continues to grow almost unabated. This is motivated primarily by the desire to simultaneously exploit the properties of both NP and biological components in new hybrid devices or materials that can be applied in areas ranging from energy harvesting and nanoscale electronics to biomedical diagnostics. The utility and effectiveness of these composites will be predicated on the ability to assemble these structures with control over NP/biomolecule ratio, biomolecular orientation, biomolecular activity, and the separation distance within the NP-bioconjugate architecture. This degree of control will be especially critical in creating theranostic NP-bioconjugates that, as a single vector, are capable of multiple functions in vivo, including targeting, image contrast, biosensing, and drug delivery. In this review, a perspective is given on current and developing chemistries that can provide improved control in the preparation of NP-bioconjugates. The nanoscale properties intrinsic to several prominent NP materials are briefly described to highlight the motivation behind their use. NP materials of interest include quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, viral capsids, liposomes, and NPs composed of gold, lanthanides, silica, polymers, or magnetic materials. This review includes a critical discussion on the design considerations for NP-bioconjugates and the unique challenges associated with chemistry at the biological-nanoscale interface-the liabilities of traditional bioconjugation chemistries being particularly prominent therein. Select bioorthogonal chemistries that can address these challenges are reviewed in detail, and include chemoselective ligations (e.g., hydrazone and Staudinger ligation), cycloaddition reactions in click chemistry (e.g., azide-alkyne cyclyoaddition, tetrazine ligation), metal-affinity coordination (e.g., polyhistidine), enzyme driven modifications (e.g., HaloTag, biotin ligase), and other site-specific chemistries. The benefits and liabilities of particular chemistries are discussed by highlighting relevant NP-bioconjugation examples from the literature. Potential chemistries that have not yet been applied to NPs are also discussed, and an outlook on future developments in this field is given.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Russ Algar
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Optical Sciences Division, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue S.W., Washington, DC 20375, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
‘Click’ to bidentate bis-triazolyl sugar derivatives with promising biological and optical features. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.12.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
13
|
|
14
|
|
15
|
|
16
|
Giacalone F, Martín N. New concepts and applications in the macromolecular chemistry of fullerenes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2010; 22:4220-4248. [PMID: 20799291 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201000083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A new classification on the different types of fullerene-containing polymers is presented according to their different properties and applications they exhibit in a variety of fields. Because of their interest and novelty, water-soluble and biodegradable C(60)-polymers are discussed first, followed by polyfullerene-based membranes where unprecedented supramolecular structures are presented. Next are compounds that involve hybrid materials formed from fullerenes and other components such as silica, DNA, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) where the most recent advances have been achieved. A most relevant topic is still that of C(60)-based donor-acceptor (D-A) polymers. Since their application in photovoltaics D-A polymers are among the most realistic applications of fullerenes in the so-called molecular electronics. The most relevant aspects in these covalently connected fullerene/polymer hybrids as well as new concepts to improve energy conversion efficiencies are presented.The last topics disccused relate to supramolecular aspects that are in involved in C(60)-polymer systems and in the self-assembly of C(60)-macromolecular structures, which open a new scenario for organizing, by means of non-covalent interactions, new supramolecular structures at the nano- and micrometric scale, in which the combination of the hydrofobicity of fullerenes with the versatility of the noncovalent chemistry afford new and spectacular superstructures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Giacalone
- Department of Organic Chemistry "E. Paternò", Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze s/n, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | | |
Collapse
|