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Thonhofer M, Culum A, Dorn T, Fischer R, Prasch H, Stütz AE, Weber P, Wrodnigg TM. A concise synthetic approach for isoiminosugars. Carbohydr Res 2024; 544:109239. [PMID: 39142016 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Isoiminosugars are highly biological active substances. Herein, we report a concise synthetic approach for this class of compounds. The key step relies on a stereospecific 1,2-hydride shift in O-2 tosylated glycopyranosides leading to C-2 branched glycofuranosides. This approach enables a 4-step synthesis of powerful β-galactosidase inhibitor 4-epi-isofagomine starting from a simple d-glucopyranoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Thonhofer
- Graz University of Technology, Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Biobased Systems, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010, Graz, Austria.
| | - André Culum
- Graz University of Technology, Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Biobased Systems, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Tobias Dorn
- Graz University of Technology, Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Biobased Systems, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Roland Fischer
- Graz University of Technology, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Herwig Prasch
- Graz University of Technology, Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Biobased Systems, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Arnold E Stütz
- Graz University of Technology, Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Biobased Systems, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Patrick Weber
- Graz University of Technology, Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Biobased Systems, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Tanja M Wrodnigg
- Graz University of Technology, Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Biobased Systems, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010, Graz, Austria
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Bin HY, Cheng L, Wu X, Zhu CL, Yang XH, Xie JH, Zhou QL. Asymmetric hydrogenation of exocyclic γ,δ-unsaturated β-ketoesters to functionalized chiral allylic alcohols via dynamic kinetic resolution. Chem Sci 2021; 12:7793-7799. [PMID: 34168833 PMCID: PMC8188505 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02044g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
An iridium catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of racemic exocyclic γ,δ-unsaturated β-ketoesters via dynamic kinetic resolution to functionalized chiral allylic alcohols was developed. With the chiral spiro iridium catalysts Ir-SpiroPAP, a series of racemic exocyclic γ,δ-unsaturated β-ketoesters bearing a five-, six-, or seven-membered ring were hydrogenated to the corresponding functionalized chiral allylic alcohols in high yields with good to excellent enantioselectivities (87 to >99% ee) and cis-selectivities (93 : 7 to >99 : 1). The origin of the excellent stereoselectivity was also rationalized by density functional theory calculations. Furthermore, this protocol could be performed on gram scale and at a lower catalyst loading (0.002 mol%) without the loss of reactivity and enantioselectivity, and has been successfully applied in the enantioselective synthesis of chiral carbocyclic δ-amino esters and the β-galactosidase inhibitor isogalactofagomine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai-Yu Bin
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Li Cheng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xiong Wu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Chang-Liang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xiao-Hui Yang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Jian-Hua Xie
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Qi-Lin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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Dibello E, Gamenara D, Seoane G. Preparation ofO-Protected Glyceraldehydes as Building Blocks in Organic Synthesis. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00304948.2015.1088753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Hill CH, Viuff AH, Spratley SJ, Salamone S, Christensen SH, Read RJ, Moriarty NW, Jensen HH, Deane JE. Azasugar inhibitors as pharmacological chaperones for Krabbe disease. Chem Sci 2015; 6:3075-3086. [PMID: 26029356 PMCID: PMC4445328 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc00754b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Krabbe disease is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder characterized by rapid demyelination of nerve fibers. This disease is caused by defects in the lysosomal enzyme β-galactocerebrosidase (GALC), which hydrolyzes the terminal galactose from glycosphingolipids. These lipids are essential components of eukaryotic cell membranes: substrates of GALC include galactocerebroside, the primary lipid component of myelin, and psychosine, a cytotoxic metabolite. Mutations of GALC that cause misfolding of the protein may be responsive to pharmacological chaperone therapy (PCT), whereby small molecules are used to stabilize these mutant proteins, thus correcting trafficking defects and increasing residual catabolic activity in cells. Here we describe a new approach for the synthesis of galacto-configured azasugars and the characterization of their interaction with GALC using biophysical, biochemical and crystallographic methods. We identify that the global stabilization of GALC conferred by azasugar derivatives, measured by fluorescence-based thermal shift assays, is directly related to their binding affinity, measured by enzyme inhibition. X-ray crystal structures of these molecules bound in the GALC active site reveal which residues participate in stabilizing interactions, show how potency is achieved and illustrate the penalties of aza/iminosugar ring distortion. The structure-activity relationships described here identify the key physical properties required of pharmacological chaperones for Krabbe disease and highlight the potential of azasugars as stabilizing agents for future enzyme replacement therapies. This work lays the foundation for new drug-based treatments of Krabbe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris H Hill
- Department of Haematology , Cambridge Institute for Medical Research , University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB2 0XY , UK .
| | - Agnete H Viuff
- Department of Chemistry , Aarhus University , Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C. , Denmark .
| | - Samantha J Spratley
- Department of Haematology , Cambridge Institute for Medical Research , University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB2 0XY , UK .
| | - Stéphane Salamone
- Department of Chemistry , Aarhus University , Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C. , Denmark .
| | - Stig H Christensen
- Department of Chemistry , Aarhus University , Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C. , Denmark .
| | - Randy J Read
- Department of Haematology , Cambridge Institute for Medical Research , University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB2 0XY , UK .
| | - Nigel W Moriarty
- Physical Biosciences Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , CA 94720 , USA
| | - Henrik H Jensen
- Department of Chemistry , Aarhus University , Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C. , Denmark .
| | - Janet E Deane
- Department of Haematology , Cambridge Institute for Medical Research , University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB2 0XY , UK .
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Biela-Banaś A, Oulaïdi F, Front S, Gallienne E, Ikeda-Obatake K, Asano N, Wenger DA, Martin OR. Iminosugar-Based Galactoside Mimics as Inhibitors of Galactocerebrosidase: SAR Studies and Comparison with Other Lysosomal Galactosidases. ChemMedChem 2014; 9:2647-52. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201402411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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