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Liu HJ, Gil-Sepulcre M, Francàs L, Nolis P, Parella T, Benet-Buchholz J, Fontrodona X, García-Antón J, Romero N, Llobet A, Escriche L, Bofill R, Sala X. Mononuclear ruthenium compounds bearing N-donor and N-heterocyclic carbene ligands: structure and oxidative catalysis. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:2829-2843. [PMID: 28177011 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt04729g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new CNNC carbene-phthalazine tetradentate ligand has been synthesised, which in the reaction with [Ru(T)Cl3] (T = trpy, tpm, bpea; trpy = 2,2';6',2''-terpyridine; tpm = tris(pyrazol-1-yl)methane; bpea = N,N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)ethanamine) in MeOH or iPrOH undergoes a C-N bond scission due to the nucleophilic attack of a solvent molecule, with the subsequent formation of the mononuclear complexes cis-[Ru(PhthaPz-OR)(trpy)X]n+, [Ru(PhthaPz-OMe)(tpm)X]n+ and trans,fac-[Ru(PhthaPz-OMe)(bpea)X]n+ (X = Cl, n = 1; X = H2O, n = 2; PhthaPz-OR = 1-(4-alkoxyphthalazin-1-yl)-3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium), named 1a+/2a2+ (R = Me), 1b+/2b2+ (R = iPr), 3+/42+ and 5+/62+, respectively. Interestingly, regulation of the stability regions of different Ru oxidation states is obtained by different ligand combinations, going from 62+, where Ru(iii) is clearly stable and mono-electronic transfers are favoured, to 2a2+/2b2+, where Ru(iii) is almost unstable with regard to its disproportionation. The catalytic performance of the Ru-OH2 complexes in chemical water oxidation at pH 1.0 points to poor stability (ligand oxidation), with subsequent evolution of CO2 together with O2, especially for 42+ and 62+. In electrochemically driven water oxidation, the highest TOF values are obtained for 2a2+ at pH 1.0. In alkene epoxidation, complexes favouring bi-electronic transfer processes show better performances and selectivities than those favouring mono-electronic transfers, while alkenes containing electron-donor groups show better performances than those bearing electron-withdrawing groups. Finally, when cis-β-methylstyrene is employed as the substrate, no cis/trans isomerization takes place, thus indicating the existence of a stereospecific process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Jie Liu
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Marcos Gil-Sepulcre
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Laia Francàs
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Pau Nolis
- Servei de Ressonància Magnètica Nuclear, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Teodor Parella
- Servei de Ressonància Magnètica Nuclear, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi Benet-Buchholz
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Xavier Fontrodona
- Serveis Tècnics de Recerca, Edifici P-II, Campus Montilivi, Universitat de Girona, 17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi García-Antón
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Nuria Romero
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Antoni Llobet
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. and Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lluís Escriche
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Roger Bofill
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Xavier Sala
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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Cao P, Cabrera J, Padilla R, Serra D, Rominger F, Limbach M. Hydroamination of Unactivated Alkenes Catalyzed by Novel Platinum(II) N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om200964u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Cao
- CaRLa—Catalysis Research Laboratory, Im Neuenheimer Feld 584, 69120
Heidelberg, Germany
| | - José Cabrera
- CaRLa—Catalysis Research Laboratory, Im Neuenheimer Feld 584, 69120
Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robin Padilla
- CaRLa—Catalysis Research Laboratory, Im Neuenheimer Feld 584, 69120
Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Serra
- CaRLa—Catalysis Research Laboratory, Im Neuenheimer Feld 584, 69120
Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut,
Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Limbach
- CaRLa—Catalysis Research Laboratory, Im Neuenheimer Feld 584, 69120
Heidelberg, Germany
- BASF SE, Basic Chemicals
Research, GCS/C − M313, Carl-Bosch-Strasse
38, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
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4
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Zhang L, Yang L, He P, Guan P, Shi Y, Pang G, Cao C. Efficient Synthesis of Novel Chiral Bisimidazolium Dichlorides under Solvent-Free Conditions. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2011. [DOI: 10.3184/174751911x13129765757911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel chiral bisimidazolium and chiral bis(benzimidazolium) dichlorides with different substituents were synthesised effectively from the corresponding N-substituted imidazoles or N-substituted benzimidazoles with chiral (S)-2,2'-bis(2-chloroethoxy)-1,1'-binaphthalene in solvent-free conditions at ambient pressure. This protocol features a short reaction time, good yields, an eco-friendly process and easily control and handling. These compounds were fully characterised by NMR, IR and elemental analysis, and their specific rotations were given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingqiao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu Key laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Xuzhou Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, P. R. China
| | - Long Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu Key laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Xuzhou Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, P. R. China
| | - Pan He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu Key laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Xuzhou Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, P. R. China
| | - Pei Guan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu Key laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Xuzhou Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, P. R. China
| | - Yanhui Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu Key laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Xuzhou Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, P. R. China
| | - Guangsheng Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P. R. China
| | - Changsheng Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu Key laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Xuzhou Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, P. R. China
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