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S K N, P R, Ann Babu S, John J, Hopf H. A Review on the Synthetic Methods towards Benzothienobenzothiophenes. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202400019. [PMID: 38456791 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Benzothienobenzothiophenes (BTBTs) are a class of heteroacenes for which two distinct isomers have been identified depending on the locations of the fused benzothiophene motifs. Benzothienobenzothiophenes represent a class of heteroacenes demonstrating remarkable electronic properties that make them prominent in the realm of organic semiconductors. The structure of BTBTs, incorporating two sulfur atoms, contributes to their unique electronic characteristics, including narrow bandgaps and effective charge transport pathways. These compounds have gained attention for their high charge carrier mobility, making them desirable candidates for application in organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) and other electronic devices. Researchers have explored various synthetic strategies to design and tailor the properties of BTBT derivatives, leading to advancements in the development of high-performance organic semiconductors. Various synthetic techniques for benzothienobenzothiophenes have been reported in the literature including multistep synthesis, tandem transformations, electrochemical synthesis, and annulations. This review investigates the generality of each synthetic methodology by highlighting its benefits and drawbacks, and it analyses all synthetic approaches described for the creation of the two isomers. For the advantage of the readers, we have delved upon every mechanism of the reactions that are known. Finally, we have also summarized the synthetic methodologies that are used for making benzothienobenzothiophene analogues for material applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandana S K
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Rahul P
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Sheba Ann Babu
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Jubi John
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Henning Hopf
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany
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Khabibullina GR, Yapparova DK, Ibragimov AG, Akhmetova VR. Sodium Sulfide in the Synthesis of N-Alkyl-1,3,5-dithiazinanes and 1,3,5-Thiadiazinanes. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363221080053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kitamura T, Morita K, Nakamori H, Oyamada J. Synthesis of [1]Benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene Derivatives via Successive Iodocyclization/Photocyclization of Alkynes. J Org Chem 2019; 84:4191-4199. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsugio Kitamura
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, Honjo-machi, Saga 840-8502, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Morita
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, Honjo-machi, Saga 840-8502, Japan
| | - Haruka Nakamori
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, Honjo-machi, Saga 840-8502, Japan
| | - Juzo Oyamada
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, Honjo-machi, Saga 840-8502, Japan
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Zheng Z, Chen L, Qian C, Zhu X, Yang Y, Liu J, Yang Y, Liang Y. Copper-catalyzed synthesis of 2-acylbenzo[b]thiophenes from 3-(2-iodophenyl)-1-arylpropan-1-ones and potassium sulfide under aerobic conditions. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 16:8020-8024. [PMID: 30334048 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02315h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A method was developed for the synthesis of 2-acylbenzo[b]thiophenes via a copper-catalyzed sulfuration of 3-(2-iodophenyl)-1-arylpropan-1-ones with K2S under aerobic conditions. Mechanistically, this procedure was proved to involve the formation of a dihydrobenzo[b]thiophene intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilei Zheng
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.
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Mohankumar M, Chattopadhyay B, Hadji R, Sanguinet L, Kennedy AR, Lemaur V, Cornil J, Fenwick O, Samorì P, Geerts Y. Oxacycle‐Fused [1]Benzothieno[3,2‐
b
][1]benzothiophene Derivatives: Synthesis, Electronic Structure, Electrochemical Properties, Ionisation Potential, and Crystal Structure. Chempluschem 2018; 84:1263-1269. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201800346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meera Mohankumar
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Faculté des SciencesUniversité Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), CP 206/1 Boulevard du Triomphe 1050 Bruxelles Belgium
| | - Basab Chattopadhyay
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Faculté des SciencesUniversité Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), CP 206/1 Boulevard du Triomphe 1050 Bruxelles Belgium
| | - Rachid Hadji
- LUNAM Université MOLTECH-Anjou UMRCNRS 6200Université d'Angers 2 Bd Lavoisier 49045 Angers Cedex France
| | - Lionel Sanguinet
- LUNAM Université MOLTECH-Anjou UMRCNRS 6200Université d'Angers 2 Bd Lavoisier 49045 Angers Cedex France
| | - Alan R. Kennedy
- Department of Pure and Applied ChemistryUniversity of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow G1 1XL Scotland, UK
| | - Vincent Lemaur
- Service de Chimie des Matériaux NouveauxUniversité de Mons (UMons) Place du Parc 20 7000 Mons Belgium
| | - Jérôme Cornil
- Service de Chimie des Matériaux NouveauxUniversité de Mons (UMons) Place du Parc 20 7000 Mons Belgium
| | - Oliver Fenwick
- Université de StrasbourgCNRS, ISIS 8 alleé Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Paolo Samorì
- Université de StrasbourgCNRS, ISIS 8 alleé Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Yves Geerts
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Faculté des SciencesUniversité Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), CP 206/1 Boulevard du Triomphe 1050 Bruxelles Belgium
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Amal Joseph PJ, Priyadarshini S. Copper-Mediated C–X Functionalization of Aryl Halides. Org Process Res Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.7b00285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. J. Amal Joseph
- Department
of Chemistry, St. Albert’s College, Ernakulam, Kerala 682018, India
| | - S. Priyadarshini
- Inorganic & Physical Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Binh Nguyen
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301; Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay; 1 avenue de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
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Božinović N, Šegan S, Vojnovic S, Pavic A, Šolaja BA, Nikodinovic-Runic J, Opsenica IM. Synthesis and anti-Candidaactivity of novel benzothiepino[3,2-c]pyridine derivatives. Chem Biol Drug Des 2016; 88:795-806. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Božinović
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Sandra Šegan
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology, and Metallurgy; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Sandra Vojnovic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Pavic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
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Kaur N. Palladium-Catalyzed Approach to the Synthesis ofS-heterocycles. CATALYSIS REVIEWS-SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/01614940.2015.1082824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Wang C, Sun LL, Hu BL, Zhang XG, Chen F. A facile one-pot synthesis of benzothiophenes via copper-catalyzed thiolation annulations of o-halostyrenes with NaSH. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Minami S, Hirano K, Satoh T, Miura M. Synthesis of [1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene (BTBT) and its higher homologs through palladium-catalyzed intramolecular decarboxylative arylation. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.05.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Fan C, Zoombelt AP, Jiang H, Fu W, Wu J, Yuan W, Wang Y, Li H, Chen H, Bao Z. Solution-grown organic single-crystalline p-n junctions with ambipolar charge transport. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2013; 25:5762-5766. [PMID: 23956037 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201302605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Organic single-crystalline p-n junctions are grown from mixed solutions. First, C60 crystals (n-type) form and, subsequently, C8-BTBT crystals (p-type) nucleate heterogeneously on the C60 crystals. Both crystals continue to grow simultaneously into single-crystalline p-n junctions that exhibit ambipolar charge transport characteristics. This work provides a platform to study organic single-crystalline p-n junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcheng Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
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Wu B, Yoshikai N. Versatile synthesis of benzothiophenes and benzoselenophenes by rapid assembly of arylzinc reagents, alkynes, and elemental chalcogens. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:10496-9. [PMID: 23960030 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201304546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Rapidly aSSembled: The combination of cobalt-catalyzed migratory arylzincation and copper-mediated/catalyzed chalcogenative cyclization allows the construction of benzothiophenes and benzoselenophenes from arylzinc reagents, alkynes, and elemental chalcogens. Benzothiophenes and benzoselenophenes diversely functionalized at the benzene ring moiety can be prepared, which are not readily accessible by conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371 (Singapore) http://www3.ntu.edu.sg/home/nyoshikai/yoshikai_group/Home.html
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Wu B, Yoshikai N. Versatile Synthesis of Benzothiophenes and Benzoselenophenes by Rapid Assembly of Arylzinc Reagents, Alkynes, and Elemental Chalcogens. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201304546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Takimiya K, Nakano M, Kang MJ, Miyazaki E, Osaka I. Thienannulation: Efficient Synthesis of π-Extended Thienoacenes Applicable to Organic Semiconductors. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Nakano M, Niimi K, Miyazaki E, Osaka I, Takimiya K. Isomerically Pure Anthra[2,3-b:6,7-b′]-difuran (anti-ADF), -dithiophene (anti-ADT), and -diselenophene (anti-ADS): Selective Synthesis, Electronic Structures, and Application to Organic Field-Effect Transistors. J Org Chem 2012; 77:8099-111. [DOI: 10.1021/jo301438t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Nakano
- Department of Applied
Chemistry,
Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Kazuki Niimi
- Department of Applied
Chemistry,
Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Eigo Miyazaki
- Department of Applied
Chemistry,
Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Itaru Osaka
- Department of Applied
Chemistry,
Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Kazuo Takimiya
- Department of Applied
Chemistry,
Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
- Emergent Molecular Function Research
Team, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute,
Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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Takimiya K, Shinamura S, Osaka I, Miyazaki E. Thienoacene-based organic semiconductors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2011; 23:4347-4370. [PMID: 21842474 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201102007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 572] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Thienoacenes consist of fused thiophene rings in a ladder-type molecular structure and have been intensively studied as potential organic semiconductors for organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) in the last decade. They are reviewed here. Despite their simple and similar molecular structures, the hitherto reported properties of thienoacene-based OFETs are rather diverse. This Review focuses on four classes of thienoacenes, which are classified in terms of their chemical structures, and elucidates the molecular electronic structure of each class. The packing structures of thienoacenes and the thus-estimated solid-state electronic structures are correlated to their carrier transport properties in OFET devices. With this perspective of the molecular structures of thienoacenes and their carrier transport properties in OFET devices, the structure-property relationships in thienoacene-based organic semiconductors are discussed. The discussion provides insight into new molecular design strategies for the development of superior organic semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Takimiya
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan.
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Takimiya K, Shinamura S, Osaka I, Miyazaki E. Air-Stable and High-Mobility Organic Semiconductors Based on Heteroarenes for Field-Effect Transistors. HETEROCYCLES 2011. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-10-690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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